UCSP

SECOND QUARTER – WEEK 3

REVIEW
SOCIAL INEQUALITIES
SIT DOWN IF:

•1.YOUR FAMILY IS A MEMBER OF

4PS
SIT DOWN IF:

•2. YOUR PARENTS HAVE NO

PERMANENT JOB
SIT DOWN IF:

•2. YOUR PARENTS HAVE NO

PERMANENT JOB
SIT DOWN IF:

•3. IF YOUR PARENT/S ARE CLASSIFIED

AS NON PROFESSIONAL WORKERS (
DRIVERS, CLERKS, CONSTRUCTION
WORKERS ,et al)
SIT DOWN IF:

•4.YOUR PARENTS ARE NOT

COLLEGE GRADUATE
SIT DOWN IF:

•5. IF YOUR HOUSE IS NOT

CONCRETE OR JUST A SEMI-
CONCRETE IN STRUCTURE
SIT DOWN IF:

•6.YOU DO NOT HAVE YOUR

OWN WIFI CONNECTION AT
HOME
SIT DOWN IF:

•7.YOUR FAMILY DO NOT OWN

A CAR/VAN
TIME TO PONDER
STRATIFICATION
 STRATIFICATION

1. Institutionalized inequality ( Ariola, 2012)

2. It is the way people are ranked and ordered in society
( Cole,2019)
3. It is a system whereby people are rank and evaluate each other as superior or inferior. (
Hebding & Glick,1992)
4. Hierarchical arrangement of social categories with statuses and their corresponding roles.
(Panopio, 1994)
5. It is manifested in the existence of upper and lower layers ( Sorokin, 1927)
INSTITUTIONALIZED INEQUALITY
IT IS THE WAY PEOPLE ARE RANKED AND ORDERED
IN SOCIETY
IT IS A SYSTEM WHEREBY PEOPLE
ARE RANK AND EVALUATE EACH
OTHER AS SUPERIOR OR INFERIOR.
( HEBDING & GLICK,1992)
IT IS MANIFESTED IN THE
EXISTENCE OF UPPER AND
LOWER LAYERS ( SOROKIN, 1927)
HIERARCHICAL ARRANGEMENT OF
SOCIAL CATEGORIES WITH STATUSES AND
THEIR CORRESPONDING ROLES.
(PANOPIO, 1994)
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
VS
SOCIAL
DIFFERENTIATION
THINGS TO REMEMBER
• STATUS- it is the individual’s position in the social
structure
ASCRIBED STATUS ( sex, family background, race, etc)
ACHIEVED STATUS ( talents,skills, perseverance,
achievements)
• Weber’s Component Theory on Social Stratification
1. Power – the ability to influence other
2. Prestige –the person’s easy access to resources and
opportunities
3. Wealth – the amount of resources that a person has
 INDICATORS OF SOCIAL
STRATIFICATION ( ARIOLA,2012)
1. Sources of income
2. Occupation
3. Education
4. Types of house dwellings
5. Location of residence
6. Kinship of family
TYPES OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS

1. OPEN SYSTEMS
2. CLOSED SYSTEMS
3. ETHNIC SYSTEMS
OPEN-SYSTEMS

• In this system, an individual’s class position within

the society is determined by his/her personal
effort and ability rather than by factors relating to
birth.
SOCIAL MOBILITY – A CHANCE TO
MOVE FROM ONE CLASS TO ANOTHER
2. CLOSED-SYSTEMS
1. CASTE SYSTEM ( INDIA)- it is a system of social
stratification based on ascription.
 2. CLOSED-SYSTEMS
2. ESTATE SYSTEM ( EUROPE)-- This system was characteristic of
Europe during the medieval times.

a) Nobility
 2. CLOSED-SYSTEMS
2. ESTATE SYSTEM ( EUROPE)-- This system was characteristic of
Europe during the medieval times.

b. Clergy
 CLOSED-SYSTEMS
2. ESTATE SYSTEM ( EUROPE)-- This system was characteristic of
Europe during the medieval times.

c. Peasantry ( peasants)
 3. ETHNIC-SYSTEMS

This type of social stratification is based on

national origin, language and religion.
As a social structure, it is perceived as the
differentiation of statuses and social roles into
ranked orders or as a system of layered hierarchy of
social relationships.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL
STRATIFICATION

• Social stratification is universal in nature. Some form of

stratification system is found in every human society.
• The existence of a social stratification system has many
consequences for individuals and groups.
• It is not simply a function of individual differences.

• Social stratification persists through generation. It is

passed down from one generation to the next.
• Social stratification is supported by patterns of
belief.
IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL
STRATIFICATION
• An individual will exert great effort in
competing with others to attain a status that
commands power, respect, privileges, and
opportunities.
• Knowledge of social stratification may enable
to adapt to his/her social environment.
• The strand of living is improved.
• It can effect economic development in society.
• A harmonious and stable society is attained.