Atoms and Molecules

1. Identify the symbols of lead and mercury respectively.

(a) Hg, Pb (b) Pb, Hg
(c) Le, Mg (d) Ld, My

2. What is the weight of 3 gram atoms of sulphur?

(a) 96 g (b) 99 g
(c) 100 g (d) 3 g

3. How many moles of oxygen atoms are present in one mole of acetic acid?
(a) 1 mole (b) 3 moles
(c) 2 moles (d) 6 moles

4. Calculate the weight in grams present in 0.7 moles of sodium.

(a) 16.1 g (b) 16.2 g
(c) 16.3 g (d) 0.161 g

5. How many gram atoms and atoms are there in 10 grams of calcium?
(a) 0.25 gram atoms, 6.023  1023 atoms
(b) 0.25 gram atoms, 1.50  1023 atoms
(c) 0.1 gram atoms, 6.023  1023 atoms
(d) 0.1 gram atoms, 1.50  1023 atoms

6. How many moles are present in 540 g of glucose (C6 H12O6 ) ?

(a) 2 moles (b) 3 moles
(c) 4 moles (d) 1 mole

7. How much lime is obtained by burning 400 g of lime stone?

(a) 224 g (b) 220 g
(c) 400 g (d) 320 g
8. The approximate production of sodium carbonate per month is 424  106 g while that of methyl alcohol is
320  106 g . Which of the following is produced more in terms of number of moles?
(a) Sodium carbonate (b) Methyl alcohol
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Data insufficient

9. Calculate the weight of 3.0 moles of KClO3 .

(a) 245 g (b) 249 g
(c) 367.5 g (d) 24.5 g

10. Identify the correct increasing order of molecular weights of the given compounds.
(a) H2O  H2S  CO2  SO2
(b) H2O  H2S  CO2  SO2
(c) H2O  H2S  CO2  SO2
(d) H2O  H2S  CO2  SO2

11. Calculate the number of moles present in 400 grams of CaCO3 .

(a) 2 moles (b) 3 moles
(c) 1 mole (d) 4 moles

2
12. Calculate the weight of 0.885 moles of Mg( NO3 )2 .
(a) 13.1 g (b) 131 g
(c) 130 g (d) 88.5 g

13. What is the mass of one molecule of oxygen?

(a) 5.31  1023 g
(b) 5.33  1023 g
(c) 5.25  1023 g
(d) 5.02  1023 g

14. Calculate the number of atoms present in 6.4 g of sulphur.

(a) 2.4  1023 atoms
(b) 2.4  1023 atoms
(c) 1.2  1023 atoms
(d) 1.2  1023 atoms

15. How many gram atoms are present in 256 g of O2 ?

(a) 16 gram atoms
(b) 32 gram atoms
(c) 14 gram atoms
(d) 36 gram atoms

16. Calculate the number of atoms present in 71 g of Cl2 .

(a) 1.205  1024 atoms
(b) 1.205  1023 atoms
(c) 1.205  1024 atoms
(d) 1.205  1023 atoms

17. What does the atomicity of an element tell us about?

(a) Physical properties
(b) Number of electrons
(c) Number of atoms in one molecule
(d) Its combining capacity

18. Calculate the weight in grams of 0.75 gram moles of NaHCO3 .

(a) 64 g (b) 63 g
(c) 65 g (d) 66 g

19. Calculate the number of moles of helium present in 6.46 g . (The atomic weight of helium is 4 a.m.u. ).
(a) 16.15 moles (B) 1.615 moles
(c) 161.5 moles (D) 0.1615 moles

20. Calculate the weight of 2.5 moles of CaCO3 .

(a) 200 g
(b) 230 g
(c) 240 g
(d) 250 g

3
21. How many grams of Na2CO3 weighed to get 0.1 mole Na2CO3 ?
(a) 10 g (b) 5 g
(c) 10.6 g (d) 12.6 g

22. A molecular formula is a short form representation of ' X ' . Identify ' X ' from the following.
(a) A compound (b) An element
(c) A mixture (d) An alloy

23. Calculate the weight of 0.8 moles of magnesium.

(a) 20 g (b) 30 g
(c) 19.2 g (d) 31.2 g

24. Calculate the number of molecules present in 0.5 moles of magnesium oxide (MgO) . (Atomic weights
Mg  24, O  16 )
(a) 14.09  1023 molecules
(b) 3.0115  1023 molecules
(c) 30.12  1023 molecules
(d) 14.09  1023 molecules

25. Calculate the number of grams present in 0.5 moles of acetylene.

(a) 13 g (b) 14 g
(c) 16 g (d) 13.5 g

26. Calculate the number of iron atoms in a piece of iron weighing 2.8 g.(Atomic mass of iron  56 )
(a) 30.11  1023 atoms
(b) 3.11  1023 atoms
(c) 3.0115  1022 atoms
(d) 301.1  1023 atoms

27. If the formula of chromic acid is H2CrO4 , then what is the formula of divalent metal chromate?
(a) MCrO4 (b) M2CrO4
(c) M2 (CrO4 )3 (d) M3CrO4

28. Sulphur molecule exists as S8 . How many moles of sulphur are present in 25.6 grams of sulphur?
(a) 0.01 moles
(b) 0.1 moles
(c) 0.02 moles
(d) 0.2 moles

29. Calculate the number of moles of zinc in 23.3 g .

(a) 0.37 moles
(b) 0.36 moles
(c) 0.5 moles
(d) 0.53 moles

30. How many grams of sodium oxalate are to be weighed to get 0.1 mole of sodium oxalate ( Na2C2O4 ) ?
(a) 13.4 g
(b) 1.34 g
(c) 134 g
(d) 0.134 g

4
31. Calculate the number of atoms of sulphur present in 0.5 moles of.
(a) 62.02  1023 atoms (b) 622  1023 atoms
(c) 6.023  1023 atoms (d) 6.02  1023 atoms

32. How many moles are present in 5.3 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate?
(a) 0.03 moles (b) 0.04 moles
(c) 0.05 moles (d) 0.01 moles

33. Calculate the number of moles present in 4.9 g of 4.9 g of H2SO4 .

(a) 0.01 moles (b) 0.02 moles
(c) 0.05 moles (d) 0.03 moles

34. Calculate the number of moles present in 60 g of NaOH .

(a) 1.2 moles (B) 1.5 moles
(c) 2.5 moles (D) 0.15 moles

35. What will be the weight of 0.1 mole of CaCO3 in grams?

(a) 11 g (b) 12 g
(c) 3 g (d) 10 g

36. Calculate the weight of sulphur present in 1.5 moles of hydrogen sulphide.
(a) 48 g (b) 50 g
(c) 60 g (d) 70 g

37. Calculate the mass of one molecule of H2O .

(a) 29.88  1023 g (b) 2.988  1023 g
(c) 0.2988  1023 g (d) 2.988  1023 g

38. What weight of calcium contains the same number of atoms as those in 3 g of carbon?
(a) 10 g (b) 20 g
(c) 30 g (d) 40 g

39. What weight of sodium contains the same number of atoms as those in 8 grams of oxygen?
(a) 10.5 g (b) 13.5 g
(c) 11.5 g (d) 14.2 g

40. Calculate the number of moles present in 17 grams of AgNO3 .

(a) 0.2 moles (b) 0.1 mole
(c) 2 moles (d) 1 mole

41. My Identify the pair of substances having the same formula unit mass.
(a) Calcium chloride, potassium carbonate
(b) Calcium oxide, hydrochloric acid
(c) Carbon monoxide, ammonia
(d) Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide

42. Find the number of moles of sodium nitrate which contains 1.5 moles of oxygen atoms.
(a) 0.5 (b) 1.5
(c) 2.0 (d) 1.0

5
43. What is the ratio of the number of atoms of elements potassium, chlorine and oxygen respectively present in 245 g
of KClO3 ?
(a) 2 : 2 : 3 (b) 1 : 1 : 3
(c) 39 : 36 : 48 (d) 1 : 2 : 6

44. Carbon and oxygen react to produce carbon dioxide. What is the weight of oxygen required to convert 1.5 g of
carbon to carbon dioxide?
(a) 2 g (b) 6 g
(c) 1 g (d) 4 g

45. Selenium ingestion of 90 micrograms per day causes loss of hair. How many selenium atoms are there in this
sample? (Atomic weight of Se  78.96 )
(a) 6.8  1023 atoms (b) 8.8  1017 atoms
(c) 8.8  1022 atoms (d) 6.9  1017 atoms

46. All samples of pure water contain hydrogen and oxygen in the mass ratio of 1 : 8 .To which of the following laws does
the above statement is in agreement?
(a) Law of conservation of mass
(b) Law of constant proportion
(c) Law of multiple proportion
(d) Law of definite proportion

47. Which of the following element's gram weight is 6 g for 0.25 moles of that element?
(a) Chlorine (b) Magnesium
(c) Boron (d) Carbon

48. Which of the following is NOT a divalent ion?

(a) Sulphate (b) Nitrate
(c) Hydrogen phosphate (d) Carbonate

49. How many gram atoms and number of atoms are present in 20 g of calcium?
(a) 0.05 gram atoms and 3.1  1023 atoms
(b) 0.5 gram atoms and 3.01  1023 atoms
(c) 0.5 gram atoms and 3.1  1023 atoms
(d) 0.2 gram atoms and 3.1  1023 atoms

50. If the formula of a chloride of a metal M is MCl3 , then what will be the formula of the phosphate of metal M ?
(a) MPO4 (b) M2 PO4
(c) M3 PO4 (d) M2 (PO4 )3

6
 Answers With Solutions

1. (b) Symbols of lead and mercury are Pb and Hg respectively.

2. (a) The atomic mass of sulphur is 32 .

1 gram atom of S weighs  32 g

3 gram atoms of S weighs

 3  32  96 g

3. (c) One molecule of CH3COOH contains 2 oxygen atoms.

 One mole of CH3COOH contains 2 moles of oxygen atoms.

4. (a) 1 mole of Na  23 g

0.7 mole of Na  23  0.7  16.1 g

5. (b) 40 g of calcium constitutes one gram atom.

10 g of calcium accounts for gram atom 

1
 30  0.25 gram atoms
40

According to Avogadro's number, the number of atoms in 1 g of calcium  6.023  1023

The number of atoms in 0.25 gram atom

 0.25  6.023  1023  1.50  1023 atoms.

6. (b) Formula of glucose  C6 H12O6

Molecular weight  180 a.mu

. .

One mole gram glucose  180 g

180 g of glucose contains

7
 1 mole of glucose

540 g of glucose contains

1
  540 g  3 moles
180 g

heat
7. (a) CaCO3   CaO  CO2 (g)

Lime stone Lime

(40  12  48)(40  16)

 100 g  56 g

100 g of CaCO3 on burning gives 56 g of CaO .

400 g of CaCO3 on burning gives 

56 g
 400 g  224 g
100 g

8. (b) Gram formula weight or weight of 1 mole of Na2CO3  106 g

Gram formula weight of methyl alcohol or weight of one mole of CH3OH  32 g

424  106
Number of moles of Na2CO3 produced per month   4  106 moles.
106

320  106
The number of moles of CH3OH produced per month   10  106 moles.
32

Hence, methyl alcohol is produced more than sodium carbonate in terms of number of moles.

9. (c) Molecular weight KClO3

 39  35.5  16  3  122.5

1 mole of KClO3  12.25 g

3 moles of KClO3  122.5  3  367.5 g

8
10. (c) The molecular weights of H2O, H2S, CO2 and SO2 are 18, 34, 44 and 64 respectively. Hence, the increasing

order of molecular weights is H2O  H2S  CO2  SO2 .

11. (d) Formula weight of CaCO3 .

 40  12  3  16  100 a.mu
.

Therefore, 1 mole of CaCO3  100 g

So, 400 g is equal to 4 mole CaCO3  100 g

12. (b) Gram molecular weight of magnesium nitrate  24  2(14  3  16)  148 g

Weight of Mg( NO3 )2

 number of moles  gram molecular weight  0.855  148  131 g

13. (a) Mass of 1 molecule of oxygen

GMW 32 g

Avogadro's Number 6.023  1023

 5.31  1023 g

14. (c) Atomic weight of S  32.06 a.mu

.

1 gram atomic weight of S  32.06 g  6.023  1023 atoms of sulphur.

Number of atoms in 6.4 g of S

6.4
  6.023  1023  1.2  1023 atoms
32.06

15. (a) Atomic weight of an element expressed in grams is called gram atomic weight or gram atom (or) quantity of an

element that contains 6.023  1023 atoms is called gram atom.

Number of gram atoms of oxygen

9
 weight of element 256 g
   16 g
Gram atomic element 16 g

16. (c) Number of atoms  Number of gram atoms  Avogadro's number.

Atomic weight of Cl  35.5

Number of atoms of Cl 

71.00
  6.023  1023
35.50

 2  6.023  1023  1.025  1024

17. (c) The atomicity of an element tells us about the number of atoms in a molecule.

18. (b) G.M.W. of NaHCO3

 23  1  12  16  3  84 g

1 gram mole of NaHCO3 , weights  84 g

0.75 gram mole of NaHCO3 weights 

0.75  84  63 g

19. (b) Gram atomic weight of He  4 g

Number of moles

Given weight of element 6.46

= =
Gramatomic weight 4

 1.615 moles

20. (d) Formula weight of CaCO3

 40  12  3  16  100 a.mu
. .

1 mole of CaCO3  100 g

10
 Hence, 2.5 moles of CaCO3

 2.5  100  250 g

21. (c) 1 mole of Na2CO3  106 g(GMW)

Weight of 0.1 mole of Na2CO3

 0.1  106  10.6 g

22. (a) A compound can be represented in a short form by molecular formula.

23. (b) 1 mole of Mg  24 g

0.8 moles of Mg  24  0.8  19.2 g

24. (b) Number of molecules of MgO

 0.5  6.023  1023  3.0115  1023

25. (a) Molecular weight of acetylene

(C2 H2 )  (2  12)  (2  1)  26

Number of grams present in

0.5 moles  26  0.5  13 g

26. (c) 1 mole of iron  gram atomic mass of iron

 56 grams

We know that 1 mole of iron element contains 6.023  1023 atoms of iron.

56 g of iron contains  6.023  1023 atoms

2.8 g of iron contains

6.023  1023 6.023  1022

  28 
56 2

11
  3.0115  1022 atoms

27. (a) From the formula of chromic acid H2CrO4 , the valency of chromate ion is two and the formula of divalent metal

chromate is MCrO4 .

28. (b) 1 mole of sulphur molecule

 32  8  256 g

25.6 g of sulphur has

25.6
  0.1 moles
256

29. (b) Atomic weight of zinc  65.38 g

Number of moles

Given weight of element

=
Given atomic weight

23.3
= =0.36 moles .
65.38

30. (a) 1 mole of sodium oxalate  134 g

Weight of 0.1 mole of Na2C2O4

 0.1  134  13.4 g

31. (c) 1 mole of Na2S2O3 , contains two gram atoms of sulphur.

0.5 mole of Na2S2O3 contains 1 gram atom of sulphur

1 gram atom  No. of atoms in one mole

Therefore, 0.5 mole of Na2S2O3 contains

6.023  1023 atoms of sulphur.

12
32. (c) Gram molecular weight of

Na2CO3  2  23  12  3  16  106 g

5.3
n  0.05 moles
106

33. (c) Gram molecular weight of H2SO4  1  2 32  16  4  98 g

Number of moles of H2SO4

4.9
  0.05 moles
98

34. (b) Gram molecular weight of NaOH  23  16  1  40 g

Number of moles in 60 g of NaOH

60
  1.5 moles
40

35. (d) GMW of CaCO3  100 g

1 mole of CaCO3  1GMW CaCO3  100 g

0.1 mole of CaCO3 weighs

 100  0.1  10 g

36. (a) 1 mole of H 2 S contains 1 mole of sulphur

1.5 mole of H 2 S contains 1.5 moles of sulphur

 1.5  32  48 g (since 1 mole of sulphur weighs 32 g )

37. (d) Weight of 1 molecule of H2O

Gram molecular weight of H 2O

=
Avogadro's number

18
 23
 2.988  1023 g
6.023  10

13
38. (a) No. of atoms in 3 g of carbon  0.25  Avogadro's number. The Weight of calcium which contains the same as

those in a 3g carbon  0.25  GMW of Ca  0.25  40  10 g

 The number of atoms present in 3 grams ( 0.4 mole) of carbon is the same as in 10 g ( 0.4 moles) of calcium.

39. (c) Gram atomic weight of sodium ( Na) is 23 g and that of oxygen (O) is 16 g

Number of moles of oxygen 

Weight (given) 8

GAW 16

Weight of sodium ( Na)  Number of moles  GAW  0.5  3  11.5 g

40. (b) Gram molecular weight of AgNO3

 (1  108  1  14  3  16)

 108  14  48  170 g

Number of moles of AgNO3

17 g 1
  0.1 mole
170 g 10

41. (d) Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide have the same formula unit mass.

Option (a) CaCl2  40  71  111

K2CO3  (39  2)  12  (16  3)

 78  12  48  138

Option (b) CaO  40  16  56

HCl  1  35.5  36.5

Option (c) CO  12  16  28

NH3  14  3  17

Option (d) CO2  12  16  2  44

14
 N2O(14  2)  16  44

42. (a) 1 mole of NaNO3 , contains 3 moles o oxygen atoms.

 NaNO3 , containing 1.5 moles of oxygen atoms.

1.5
  0.5 moles
3

43. (b) Molecular weight of KClO3 .

 39  35.5  (16  3)  122.5

245 g of KClO3  2 moles

Ratio of number of atoms of

K : Cl : O are 1 : 1 : 3

44. (d) C  O2  CO2

12 g  32 g  44 g

1.5 g  ?

 Weight of oxygen needed

32  1.5
 4 g
12

45. (d) Atomic weight of Se  78.96 g

Number of moles in 90 micrograms

90  106
  1.139  106 moles
78.96

1 mole of selemium atoms  6.023  1023

1.139  106 moles of selemium

atoms  1.139  106  6.023  1023

 6.9  1017 atoms

15
46. (b) All pure samples of water contain hydrogen and oxygen in fixed mass ratio of 1 : 8 .

This is in agreement with the law of constant proportion.

1
47. (b) n  0.25 moles  mole
4

Mass (m)  6 g

m
Molecular weight (M ) 
n

6
i.e. magnesium=  24 g
(1 / 4)

48. (b) Nitrate ion is NO3 . Hence, it is a monovalent ion.

49. (b) Number of gram atoms of Ca

20
  0.5 gram atoms
40

Number of atoms of Ca

 0.5  6.023  1023  3.01  1023 atoms

50. (a) In MCl3 , M is trivalent M 3 (PO4 )3 .

16