Chemical Formulas

b 1. How many atoms are in a sulfuric acid molecule?

(a) 1 (b) 7 (c) 5 (d) 6 (e) 8

e 2. If a sample of propane, C3H8, contains a total of 6.0 x 103 atoms of carbon, how many
molecules of propane are in the sample?

(a) 6.0 x 103 (b) 3.0 x 103 (c) 8.0 x 103 (d) 1.1 x 104 (e) 2.0 x 103

The Mole

a 3. Calculate the number of moles of oxygen atoms in 35.2 grams of oxygen.

(a) 2.20 moles (b) 4.42 moles (c) 0.54 moles

(d) 2.57 moles (e) 1.13 moles

e 4. Calculate the mass of one bromine atom.

(a) 2.654 x 10–22 g (b) 6.022 x 1023 g (c) 1.661 x 10–24 g

(d) 4.812 x 1025 g (e) 1.327 x 10–22 g

c 5. Determine the number of sulfur atoms in 27.1 g of molecular sulfur (S8).

(a) 0.845 (b) 5.27 x 1023 (c) 5.09 x 1023

(d) 2.07 x 1023 (e) 0.106

Formula Weights, Molecular Weights, and Moles

c 6. Calculate the formula weight of Na2SO4.

(a) 193 amu (b) 119 amu (c) 142 amu (d) 215 amu (e) 185 amu
d 7. Determine the formula weight of K3PO4.

(a) 134 amu (b) 257 amu (c) 164 amu (d) 212 amu (e) 85 amu

e 8. What is the mass of 2.2 x 109 CO2 molecules?

(a) 9.7 x 1010 g (b) 1.0 x 10–12 g (c) 1.2 x 106 g

(d) 4.4 x 10–14 g (e) 1.6 x 10–13 g

e 9. What is the mass of 0.432 moles of C8H9O4?

(a) 86.9 g (b) 391 g (c) 169 g (d) 113.8 g (e) 73.0 g
d 10. How many grams of CaCl2 equal 3.40 moles of CaCl2 ?

(a) 130 g (b) 159 g (c) 306 g (d) 377 g (e) 239 g

a 11. How many moles of POCl3 are there in 10.0 grams of POCl3?

(a) 6.51 x10–2 mol (b) 3.68 x 10–1 mol (c) 4.09 x 10–2 mol
(d) 1.21 x 10–1 mol (e) 1.17 x 10–3 mol

e 12. How many moles CCl4 are present in 118. g of carbon tetrachloride?

(a) 0.839 (b) 1.19 (c) 0.538 (d) 1.30 (e) 0.767

c 13. Calculate the number of moles of KMnO4 in 25.5 grams of KMnO4.

(a) 0.0161 mol (b) 0.879 mol (c) 0.161 mol

(d) 1.88 mol (e) 0.632 mol

d 14. How many molecules are contained in 5.00 grams of NH3?

(a) 5.42 x 1022 (b) 3.00 x 1024 (c) 3.40 x 1022

(d) 1.77 x 1023 (e) 9.45 x 1022

e 15. A 12.0-gram sample of Cr2(SO4)3 contains how many sulfur atoms?

(a) 1.84 x 1022 (b) 1.53 x 1021 (c) 4.82 x 1021

(d) 6.67 x 1022 (e) 5.52 x 1022

a 16. How many atoms of carbon are present in 34.5 g of caffeine, C8H10N4O2?

(a) 8.57 x 1023 (b) 2.68 x 1025 (c) 1.08 x 1024

(d) 2.09 x 1023 (e) 4.83 x 1023

Percent Composition and Formulas of Compounds

d 17. What is the percent by mass of sulfur in Al2(SO4)3?

(a) 9.38% (b) 18.8% (c) 24.6% (d) 28.1% (e) 35.4%

c 18. Calculate the percent by mass of nitrogen in ammonium carbonate, (NH4)2CO3.

(a) 14.5% (b) 27.8% (c) 29.2% (d) 33.3% (e) 17.1%
c 19. What is the percentage of carbon in potassium hydrogen phthalate, KC6H4(COO)
(COOH)?

(a) 35.2% (b) 58.2% (c) 47.1% (d) 70.6% (e) 19.2%

Derivation of Formulas from Elemental Composition

b 20. Analysis of a sample of a covalent compound showed that it contained 14.4% hydrogen
and 85.6% carbon by mass. What is the empirical formula for this compound?

(a) CH (b) CH2 (c) CH3 (d) C2H3 (e) C2H5

d 21. What is the empirical formula for a compound containing 68.3% lead, 10.6% sulfur and
the remainder oxygen?

(a) PbSO2 (b) PbSO3 (c) PbS2O3 (d) PbSO4 (e) Pb2SO4

b 22. A compound contains sulfur, oxygen, and chlorine. Analysis shows that it contains by
mass 26.95% sulfur and 59.61% chlorine. What is the simplest formula for this
compound?

(a) SOCl (b) SOCl2 (c) SO2Cl2 (d) SO2Cl (e) S2OCl2

b 23. A compound contains carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. Analysis of a sample showed that it
contained by mass 53.4% carbon and 11.1% hydrogen. What is the simplest formula for
this compound?

(a) CHO (b) C2H5O (c) C2H4O (d) CH4O2 (e) C2H5O2

c 24. A 1.520-gram sample of a compound containing only nitrogen and oxygen is found to
contain 0.560 grams of nitrogen and 0.960 grams of oxygen. What is the simplest
formula for this compound?

(a) NO (b) N2O (c) N2O3 (d) NO2 (e) N3O2

c 25. A 4.628-g sample of an oxide of iron was found to contain 3.348 g of iron and 1.280 g of
oxygen. What is simplest formula for this compound?

(a) FeO (b) Fe2O3 (c) Fe3O4 (d) FeO2 (e) Fe3O2

Determination of Molecular Formulas

b 26. Glucose has a molecular weight of 180.2 g and an empirical formula CH2O. What is its
molecular formula?

(a) C8H4O5 (b) C6H12O6 (c) C12H22O11

 (d) C10H12O3 (e) CH2O

b 27. A compound contains, by mass, 87.5% nitrogen and 12.5% hydrogen. Its molecular
weight is found to be 32 g/mol. What is its molecular formula?

(a) N2H6 (b) N2H4 (c) N2H5 (d) NH3 (e) NH2

d 28. A compound contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Analysis of a sample showed
that it contained 54.53% C and 9.15% H. Its molecular weight was determined to be
approximately 88 g/mol. What is its molecular formula?

(a) C2H4O (b) C4H8O (c) C4H8 (d) C4H8O2 (e) C4H12O2

Some Other Interpretations of Chemical Formulas

a 29. What mass of iron is contained in 86.6 grams of pyrite, FeS2?

(a) 40.3 g (b) 29.2 g (c) 47.3 g (d) 80.6 g (e) 64.1 g

a 30. What mass of antimony is contained in 106 grams of stibnite, Sb2S3?

(a) 76.0 g (b) 0.72 g (c) 59.2 g (d) 114 g (e) 42.4 g

b 31. What mass of tungsten is present in 10.0 lbs of wolframite, FeWO4?

(a) 2.21 kg (b) 2.75 kg (c) 5.06 lb (d) 0.716 kg (e) 5.85 lb

Purity of Samples

c 32. An ore of lead is 45.0% pure lead sulfide, PbS, and 55.0% impurities in which no other
lead compounds are present. What mass of lead is contained in 150.0 grams of this ore?

(a) 71.4 g (b) 67.5 g (c) 58.5 g (d) 9.05 g (e) 18.0 g

c 33. A chemical bottle containing BaSO4 is 98.7% pure. What mass of Ba is present in 162 g
of this chemical?

(a) 47.1 g (b) 96.6 g (c) 94.1 g (d) 98.7 g (e) 95.3 g

b 34. What mass of calcium metal could be obtained from one kg of limestone that is 50.0%?
pure CaCO3? (No other calcium-containing compounds are present.)

(a) 0.05 kg (b) 0.2 kg (c) 0.4 kg (d) 0.5 kg (e) 0.1 kg