MYP4 - Lecture 1 Physics 19-8-2022

Topics Information
Physical Quantities There are approximately 109 Elements (natural) in this Universe and
artificial elements are also being made. The entire universe is made up
of 109 elements. Elements are the purest substances and they are not
made up of any other materials or substances. In physics, we talk about
physical quantities. Physical Quantities are those quantities that are
measurable; those quantities that can be measured are known as
Physical Quantities. Measured means you have a specific unit, like a
specific unit with which you can measure an object. For example, if we
say we “love” someone, then that is an emotion, it is not physical
because we can’t measure. Stress is also another example. BMI, length,
distance, time, magnetic field, pressure, density and volume can be
measured. A Feeling is not physical. For instance, if person A feels cold,
but person B feels hot, then they are both feeling different, and so
therefore that sensation is not physical. Temperature is measurable.
There are 7 fundamental quantities in Physics, all the other quantities
that are from these fundamental quantities. These are length, mass,
time, temperature, amount of substance, electrical current and
luminosity (intensity of light). All physical quantities are
measured in an SI Unit. These seven fundamental units are also
measured in Si Units. SI units are fixed units because they can be used
the same globally, if it were different problems would occur between
different people. Therefore, it is standardized. The SI Units are which
are:
Length – Meter(M), there are other units like light-year, etc
Mass – Kilograms(KG), other units are Pound, Grams, Liters
Time – Seconds(S), other units are minutes, hours, days
Temperature – Kelvin(K), other units are Celsius and Fahrenheit
Electrical Current – Amperes(A),
Amount of Substance – Mole (MOL)
Luminosity/intensity of light – Candela (CD)
Note: (For the Service in Unit, focus on length, mass, time,
temperature)
Video Notes: (What are Physical Quantities)
 If a Physical Quantity possesses it’s numerical
magnitude(value) and a unit with which it is measured, then
that is the definition of a physical quantity. For instance, if
someone ways 60kg, then 60 is the magnitude and kg is the
unit with which it is measured. If we only write 60, then that is
not a physical quantity.
 Physical Quantities are divided into base quantities, which are
the seven quantities from before. The rest of the physical
 quantities are derived quantities. Examples of derived
quantities are force, electrical field and volume. They are
derived from the multiplication and division of fundamental
quantities. For example, V = Length x Width x Height.
 To describe a physical quantity, a standard is required, and it
was required so that a unit can be used globally. Then, an SI
Unit was created. There are units used to measure the physical
quantities.
 We can measure quantities with proper accuracy by using a
tool. For example, length can be measured using a meter rule
or a measuring tape. Doctors use specific tools to measure
length perfectly. Examples are Vernier Caliper and Scrugotch.
Least Count is the minimum value an instrument can measure.
These tools can also be said as equipments. Equipments are
measuring tools an apparatus are the objects we use.
Homework - Service in Unit: Make an SI Unit Calculator. For example, if
we have mm, then when we divide it by 1000, we get it in m. We need
to do this for four units.
V is ut
Ssut plus half
V 2m
And abject is dropped from the speed of 45 meter
calculate number 1
The final speed of the abject before reaching the
surface of the ground
The time it take form the entire jorney.
Mursal hit the ball up in the air calculate the distance
coverd by the ball

100=07.45+1*2 g 7.45
100= 0=0.5 g 7.45
G = 100
27.38
= 3.65

100=(0)7.3 +1*2 \g\(7.3)2

3.75
3600
Physics Criteria B:
Research Question: Starts with “To what extent”, “How does”, “What is”, etc. It contains two
variables.
Example: What is the effect of Global Warming on Our Life
Hypothesis: A Claim, it should contain the independent and dependant variable, and their
relationship. Relationship means direct relationship or inverse relationship. If one variable
increases and the other increases, it is direct relationship. If one increases and the other
decreases, it is inverse.
Inverse Relationship Example: The More the Distance from a Speaker, the lower the intensity of
the sound. Research Question: How does Distance Impact the intensity of sound.
Control Variable: The Variable we are controlling
When the inons have

T1
T2 t3

Distance can be find to

Gravity

Saturn
G= 11.2 n/kg
Mass 5.

Question 3 measuring the hire the air resistance more terminal velocity.
hypothesis as these are partial to slow dowse when the terminal velocity get slow the inverse
change relationship.
Height from which is been form
Question 3c m change w change aim changes v
Justification
When force is applied to a body body covers certain distance the product of the force and
distance covered Is known and Work done the product of force and displacement W = F . S

If 150 newton force is applied on a car which displaces it for 120m calculate the work upon
The kinetice energy formula is ½ mc square

Heat is the transfer of kinetic energy from one medium or object to another, or from an energy source to a
medium or object. Such energy transfer can occur in three ways: radiation, conduction, and convection.
vibrations that travel through the air or another medium and can be heard when they reach a person's or
animal's ear.

light, electromagnetic radiation that can be detected by the human eye.

Electromagnetic radiation occurs over an extremely wide range of wavelengths,
from gamma rays with wavelengths less than about 1 × 10−11 metre to radio
waves measured in metres. Within that broad spectrum the wavelengths visible to
humans occupy a very narrow band, from about 700 nanometres (nm; billionths of a
metre) for red light down to about 400 nm for violet light. The spectral
regions adjacent to the visible band are often referred to as light also, infrared at the
one end and ultraviolet at the other. The speed of light in a vacuum is a
fundamental physical constant, the currently accepted value of which is exactly
299,792,458 metres per second, or about 186,282 miles per second.
Heat is the total energy of the motion of the molecules of a substance, whereas temperature refers to the
measure of the average energy of the motions of the molecules in the substance.
The kinetic-molecular theory is a theory that explains the states of matter and is based on the idea that
matter is composed of tiny particles that are always in motion. The theory helps explain observable
properties and behaviors of solids, liquids, and gases.
The heating curve is the relationship between the heating system supply temperature and the outside air
temperature. The heating curve determines to what temperature the CH boiler is to heat the water at a
given outdoor temperature
Evaporation happens when a liquid turns into a gas. It can be easily visualized when rain puddles
“disappear” on a hot day or when wet clothes dry in the sun. In these examples, the liquid water is not
actually vanishing—it is evaporating into a gas, called water vapor. Evaporation happens on a global
scale.

Specific heat capacity