Name:

Note: Aparna Sunil kumar Sulekha (S1201468)

Please,
provide the correct answers in this document. Don`t send the separate paper for answers. For correct
answers use the red color.

Biostatistics
Caucasus International University
ASSIGNMENT 1
Due 10 November, 2022 at 23:59 (Georgian time)

1. The duration of time from first exposure to HIV infection to AIDS diagnosis is called the incubation
period. The incubation periods of a sample of 7 HIV infected individuals is given below (in years) :

12.0 10.5
9.5 6.3
13.5 12.5
7.2

a) Calculate the sample mean.

=12+10.5+9.5+6.3+13.5+12.5+7.2/7

=71.5/7

=10.214

b) Calculate the sample median.

6.3,7.2,9.5,10.5,12,12.5,13.5 median=10.5

c) Calculate the sample standard deviation. Sd = 2.714424

 d) If the number 6.3 above were changed to 1.5, what would happen to the sample mean, median,
and standard deviation? State whether each could increase, decrease, or remain the same.
1. sample mean: decrease
2. sample median: remain the same
3. sample standard deviation: increase
2. In a survey of 3,015 boys age 11. The average height was 146 cm and the standard deviation(SD) was
8 cm. A histogram suggested the heights were approximately normally distributed. Fill in the blanks.

a) One boy was 170cm tall. He was above average by _3 ____SDs.

b) Another boy was 148 cm tall. He was above average by ___0.25 _____SDs.

C) A third boy was 1.5 SDs below the average height. He was ______134______cm tall.

D) If a boy was within 2.25 SDs of average height, the shortest he could have been is ____128____cm
and the tallest is _____164_____cm.

3. The body mass index (BMI) is sometimes used as a measure of obesity. Body mass index is defined
as weight (kg) divided by square of height (meter). Suppose in a population of middle-aged men,
BMI is normally distributed and the population mean BMI is 26.7 and standard deviation is 3.2.
Suppose a particular man has a BMI of 31.2
a) What is the Z-score (standard normal score) associated with this particular man? 1.4
b) What is probability that another randomly chosen man has a more “extreme” BMI? Here,
“extreme” refers to BMI that is at least 4.5 above or below the population mean, that is, either a
BMI greater than 31.2 (overweight) or a BMI less than 22.2 (underweight).
Here the sample mean is 26.7 and SD is 3.2 . the person having , either a BMI greater than 31.2 )
comes under 2 standard deviation That is between 29.9 and 33.1), or a BMI less than 22.2
(underweight) comes under 2 standard deviation That is between 23.5 and 20.5 . so 95.44% of
possible observation come under this. Since the patient should come overweight or
underweight, 3 standard deviations tht is >33.1 and <20.3 can also fit into this. So 99.7% of
possible observation will also meet this

4) State the data type for each of the following measures:

a) Homicide rate (deaths/100,00 persons) - quantitative
b) High School Graduate (Yes/No)- qualitative
c) Hair Color - qualitative
d) Hospital Expenditures, Yearly (in dollars) - quantitative
e) Smoking Status (None, Light, Heavy) - qualitative
f) Presence of Coronary Heart Disease - qualitative
 5) A sample of 5 body weights (in pound) is as follows :116, 168, 124, 132, 110. The sample
median is :
a) 124
b) 116
c) 132
d) 130
e) None of the above

6) Suppose a population measure is known to be normally distributed ( and you are a

member of the population)

a) If you have a standard score of Z=2, what percentage of the population has Z scores
larger than you?  

P(Z > 2) = 1 - P(Z < 2)

= 1 - 0.9772

= 0.0228

= 2.28% ~2.3%

b) If you have a standard score of Z=1, what percentage of the population has Z scores less
than yours

 P(Z < 1) = 0.8413

= 84.13%

7) A survey is being planned of 400 mothers to estimate the proportion or fraction of

mothers who breast feed in a certain country in Asia. Preliminary information
suggests that about 80% of the women breast feed and 20% do not. Given this
information, estimate what will be the 95% error bound (margin of error) on the
proportion who breast feed from this survey:
(a) ±0.01
(b) ±0.02
(c) ±0.03
(d) ±0.04
(e) ±0.05
(f) ±0.06
(g) ±0.07
(h) ±0.08
(i) ±0.10
(j) ±0.20
8) Suppose the birthweights of a random sample of 100 deliveries at a hospital are
recorded. The sample mean is 120 ounces and the sample standard deviation is 40.
A 95% confidence interval for the population mean birthweight is

a)116 to 124 ounces

b) 112 to 128 ounces
c) 80 to 160 ounces
d) 40 to 200 ounces
e) None of the above

9) A study of 100 patients is performed to determine if the cholesterol levels are

lowered after three months of taking a new drug. Cholesterol levels are measured
on each individual at the beginning of the study and three months later. The
cholesterol change is calculated – which is the value at three months minus the
value at the beginning of the study. On average, the mean change in cholesterol
levels among these 100 patients decreased by -10.0, and the standard deviation of
the changes in cholesterol was 30. A 95 % confidence interval for the mean change
in cholesterol is approximately
(a) -70 to +50
(b) -40 to +20
(c) -16 to -4
(d) -13 to -7
(e) Cannot be determined from the information givens
(f) Can be determined from the information given, but none of the above choices is
correct.

10) The standard error of a statistic is

a) The mean of the sampling distribution
b) The standard deviation of the sampling distribution
statistic
c) The statistic divided by the square root of the sample size( that is )
√N