DESIGN OF FOOTINGS

Design Criteria:
Soil bearing capacity = 150 kPa (assumed) f'c= 27.6 Mpa
fy= 414 Mpa

For C1F1/C2F1: (TYPICAL)

Pu= 450 kN weight of footing = 8% of Pu
Total load= Pu + 8% of Pu
Designing Pu= 486 kN
Required area of footing:
A= P(DL+LL) /Soil Bearing Capacity
A= 3.24 sq.m
L= 1.80 say L= 1.80 M

Net upward soil pressure (Qu):

Qu= Pu/Area of ftg
Qu= 46.28
Mu= 107.97 kN.m
try depth= 350 mm d= 275 mm
2
Mu = Øf'cbd (1-0.59ω)ω x= 0.0541
ω = 0.0327
ρ= ωf'c/fy ρmax = 0.031
ρ= 0.00218 ρmin = 0.005 use ρ= 0.005
As=ρbd
2
As= 2475.00 mm
no.of bars= 12.22 pcs say 13.00 pcs

Check for shear:

Allowable Vc=(f'c)^0.5/6
= 0.876 Mpa
2 2
Vu= Qu[L -(d+c) ]
= 145.947 kN
Vn= Vu/Øbod Øbod= 0.85(d+c)4d = 434775 sq.mm
0.336 Mpa < 0.876 Mpa (safe)

Therefore use 1.8m x 1.8m x 0.35m section

with 13-16mmØ RSB both ways
 DESIGN OF SLAB

Design of (Two way slab) Solve as Suspended Slab

Design criteria:
f'c= 17.24 Mpa
fy= 275.8 Mpa

Designing loads:
Dead Load:
Floor Finishes = 718 Pa
Slab, ceiling & others = 4058 Pa
4776 Pa x 1.4 = 6686.4 Pa
Live Load = 2400 Pa x 1.7 = 4080 Pa
Total load = 10766.4 Pa
Thickness of Slab:
t=Perimeter/180

Dimension of slab = 4000m x 3400m

t = 2(4000mm + 3400mm)/180 d= 75 mm
= 82.2 mm say 100 mm

Considering 1 m strip: Ls= 4 Lb= 3.4

w = 10.77 kN/m m= Ls/Lb
= 1.18
For Negative Moments: Positive Moments:
Neg.Cs= 0.077 Along short Direction: Along long Direction:
Neg.Cb= 0.016 Csdl= 0.03 Cbdl= 0.009
Ms= 13.26 kN.m Csll= 0.044 Cbll= 0.015
Mb= 1.99 kN.m MsDL= 3.209 kN.m MbDL= 0.696 kN.m
MsLL= 2.872 kN.m MbLL= 0.707 kN.m
MTs= 6.082 kN.m MTb= 1.403 kN.m

Along short direction:

1) At midspan:
Mu= 6.082 kN.m
2
Mu = Øf'cbd (1-0.59ω)ω x= 0.11811
ω = 0.073
ρ= ωf'c/fy ρmax = 0.023
ρ= 0.005 ρmin = 0.005 use ρ = 0.005
As=ρbd
As= 375 mm2 use 12mmØ: A12mmØ = 113.09sq.mm
S= 301.6 mm
Therefore use 12mmØ RSB spaced @250 mm on center

2) Continuous edge:
Mu= 13.26 kN.m
2
Mu = Øf'cbd (1-0.59ω)ω x= 0.25759
ω = 0.169
 ρ= ωf'c/fy ρmax = 0.023
ρ= 0.011 ρmin = 0.005 use ρ = 0.005
As=ρbd
As= 375 mm2 use 12mmØ: A12mmØ = 113.09sq.mm
S= 301.6 mm
Therefore use 12mmØ RSB spaced @250 mm on center

3) Discontinuous edge:
Use: 3 times the spacing at midspan but not more than 500mm (ACI Code)
Therefore use 12mmØ RSB spaced @250 mm on center

Along long direction:

1) At midspan:
Mu= 1.403 kN.m
2
Mu = Øf'cbd (1-0.59ω)ω x= 0.023
ω = 0.014
ρ= ωf'c/fy ρmax = 0.031
ρ= 0.001 ρmin = 0.005 use ρ = 0.005
As=ρbd
2
As= 375 mm use 12mmØ: A12mmØ = 113.09sq.mm
S= 301.6 mm
Therefore use 12mmØ RSB spaced @250 mm on center

2) Continuous edge:
Mu= 1.99 kN.m
2
Mu = Øf'cbd (1-0.59ω)ω x= 0.03867
ω = 0.023
ρ= ωf'c/fy ρmax = 0.023
ρ= 0.001 ρmin = 0.005 use ρ = 0.005
As=ρbd
As= 375 mm2 use 12mmØ: A12mmØ = 113.09sq.mm
S= 301.6 mm
Therefore use 12mmØ RSB spaced @250 mm on center

3) Discontinuous edge:
Use: 3 times the spacing at midspan but not more than 500mm (ACI Code)
Therefore use 12mmØ RSB spaced @250 mm on center
 DESIGN OF PURLINS:

Specs:
Fy = 250 MPa ( A- 36 steel)

Designing Loads:
Wind loads = 1.44 kN/m² (200kph) 0.6 m
Roof covering = 0.077 kN/m² 2 m
Live loads = 0.958 kN/m² h= 0.5 m
Others = 1.200 kN/m² span = 9.00 m
angle θ = 3.17983 °
sin θ = 0.05547
cos θ = 0.99846

For Roof load :

Using Duchimen's formula:

w = wind load ( 2 sin θ / 1+sin² θ)
w= 0.1593 kN/m²

1) Consider tributary area:

W 1 = w x spacing of purlins
= 0.1593 kN/m² x 0.6 m
= 0.09556 kN/m

W 2 = (wt. for dead and live load) (spacing of purlins)

= 1.341 kN/m

2) Solve for load components:

ΣFy=0] ΣFx=0]
Wy = W 2 sinθ Wx = W 1 + W 2 cos θ
= 0.07439 kN/m = 1.43449 kN/m

3) Solve for moment components:

a) Mx = WxL²/ 8 b) My = WyL²/ 32
= 717.247 N/m = 9.29816 N/m

4) Solve for Minimum depth "d":

min. d = L / 30
= 2000 mm / 30
= 66.6667 mm say 100 mm

Assume compact section:

Allowable Fb = 0.66 Fy
= 165 Mpa

5) Select a trial section:

Try C-purlin 50mm x 100mm x 1.5mm
 M= 3.6 kg/m tw= 1.5 mm
d= 100 mm Sx= 16 x10³mm³
bf= 50 mm Sy= 5 x10³mm³
tf= 1.5 mm

6) Solve for additional loads:

wt of purlin = 3.6 kg/m x 9.81 N/kg
= 35.316 N/m

a) Normal wt., wx = wt of purlins x Cos θ = 35.26 N/m

b) Tangential wt., wy = wt of purlins x Sin θ = 1.959 N/m
c) Normal Moment, Mx = Wx L² / 8
= 35.26 N/m x ( 2 m)² / 8
= 17.6308 N-m

d) Tangential Moment, My = Wy L² / 32
= 1.96 N/m x ( 2 m)² / 32
= 0.24487 N-m

7) Check if the section is compact:

16.6667 < 10.75 non compact

66.6667 < 106.88 ok

Therefore the section is compact, use fb = 165Mpa

8) Check in flexure:

Actual fb = Mx ( roof + purlins) + My(roof ) + My (purlins)

Sx ½ Sy

Mx (purlins) = 17.6308 N-m

My (purlins) = 0.24487 N-m
Mx (roof) = 717.247 N-m
My (roof) = 9.29816 N-m

actual fb = 49.6981 Mpa < 165 Mpa (safe)

Therefore, use C - purlin 50mm x 100mm x 1.5mm