Table A-3

Displacements of Prismatic Beams

,-----------------------------
I Translations I
i (positive I Rotations
Beam I downward) 1 (positiye clockwise)
1-------------1

1 A CTJ ~ jeW i I I J B I 5wL4 w£3

~ ~ I Ac = 384EI OA = -OB = 24EI

~L12 -I· L12~ I

r
2
P£3 PU
A B Ac = 48EI OA = -OB = 16HI
e
1---------------1------1----------1

A _ 23P£3
c - 648EI

4 M

A .(\ B I Ac = 0 OA = OB = ::A~l I

1_ _ ~ ~
A______________ i______________ 1

5 ! ML!
A MQ l ML2 OA = 6EI
~~---~~----~~ I Ac = 16EI
o _ _ AIL
I

1----
B - 3EI

I wf..4
I A--
1 B - 8EI

I-------------il------I----------I

r
7

~A
I------
B

8 M
o _ "'IL
~-----CjB
~A
B - EI

I
494
 Table H-I
Fixed-End Actions Caused by Loads

Pa
M, = -J[ B = L (L - a)

-61
RA = RB = P
Pb 2 Pa 2
R, = V (3a + b) RB = La (a + 3b)

--=J
WL2
M, = -iVfB = -
12
wL
R,., = RB = 2
-
Mb
(2a - b)
2..1
MA = V

J[a
Mil = V (2b - a)

RA = -Ril = 6Jfab
V
wa 2
MA = 12V (6V - 8aL + 3a 2)

~I p wa 3
MB = -12V (4L - 3a)
~~ ~ ~~
RA I- 0 - - + - b ------I R8

wa 3
R B_- Pa I RB = 2V (2L - a)
L

wV WL2
MA =30 }vf B = -20
TB = Ta R _ 3wL R _ 7wL
L A - 20 B - 20
500 Appendix B: End-Actions for Restrained Members

Table B-2
Fixed-End Actions Caused by Temperature Changes
~ Uniform increase in temperature W Linear temperature gradient

R = EAex flT
I = moment of inertia
E = modulus of elasticity fl T\ = temperature change at bottom of
A = cross-sectional area beam
ex = coefficient of thennal expansion fl T2 = temperature change at top of beam
fl T = temperature increase d = depth of beam

Table B-3 gives fixed-end actions due to prestrains in the members. A

prestrain is an initial deformation of a member, causing end-actions to be
developed when the ends of the member are held in the restrained posi-
tions. The simplest example of a prestrain is shown in Case 1, where mem-
ber AB is assumed to have an initial length that is greater than the distance
between supports by a small amount e. When the ends of the member are
held in their final positions, the member will have been shortened by the
distance e. The resulting fixed-end actions are the axial compressive forces
shown in the table. Case 2 is a member with an initial bend in it, and the
last case is a member having an initial circular curvature such that the
deflection at the middle of the beam is equal to the small distance e.
Table B-4 lists formulas for fixed-end actions caused by displacements
of one end of the member. Cases 1 and 2 are for axial and lateral transla-
tions of the end B of the member through the small distance 11, while Cases
3 and 4 are for rotations. The rotation tbrough the angle (J shown in Case 3
produces bending of the member, while the rotation through the angle 1> in
Case 4 produces torsion. Formulas for the torsion constant J, which
appears in the formulas of Case 4, are given in Appendix C for several
cross-sectional shapes.
End-actions for truss members are listed in Table B-5 for three cases of
loading: a uniform load, a concentrated load, and a moment. The members
shown in the figures have pinned ends that are restrained against translation
but not rotation, because only joint translations are of interest in a truss
analysis. The members are shown inclined at an angle 'Y to the horizontal,
in order to have a general orientation. However, the end-actions are inde-
pendent of the angle of inclination, which may have any value (including 0
and 90 degrees). For both the uniform load and the concentrated load
Appendix B: End-Actions for Restrained Members 501

Table B-3
Fixed-End Actions Caused by Prestrains
Bar with excess length Bar with a bend

A 8

~L+e~
~~::1-A_ _ _ _ _8--t:~ ___

f-I.- - L ------+1.1 R

R = EAe 2EIO
lIfA = - - (2£ - 3a)
L 1. 2
E = modulus of elasticity
JIB = 2~:O (L - 3a)
A = cross-sectional area
6EIO
e = excess length R.1 = - RB = La (L - 2a)

I = moment of inertia
o= angle of bend

~I Initial circular curvature

11 A
1 =
-11
• B
= 8Ele
L2

e = initial deflection at middle of bar

,----------.---------------~
502 Appendix B: End-Actions for Restrained Members

Table B-4
Fixed-End Actions Caused by End-Displacements
I
_11
;--~A B~
~~
I~ L ·16 ~
EA~
R=-
L

21

M,c~tJM'
t. L 1
MA = MB = 6EI~ R = 12EI~
£2 V

C~A _/ ~)
M,
R
t--? .{ L R
M,

1[ = 2EI() J1[ B = 4EI() R = 6EI()

• A L L /.,2

-=-1
T
~~A B~~ -r---
I. L
·1
T = GJtjJ
L
G = shear modulus of elasticity
J = torsion constant
Appendix B: End-Actions for Restrained Members 503

Table B-S
End-Actions for Truss Members

R = wL
2

~I B

R=M
L