Practical No:01

Name: Zarrin Jalgaonkar

PRN:10303320191124510041

Aim: Simulate and understand IP forwarding within a LAN and across a router.
Theory:
In IP network, IP routing involves the determination of suitable path for a network packet from a source to
its destination. If the destination address is not on the local network, routers forward the packets to the next
adjacent network. Node in a network need MAC address in addition to IP address for communicating with
other nodes. In this experiment we will see how IP forwarding is done when a node wants to send data
within a subnet and also outside the subnet.
Procedure:
Step1: Open Cisco Packet Tracer application.
Step2: Select end devices and switches.
I have selected four PCs to form LAN A which belongs to computer department. Similarly, I have selected
other four PCs to form LAN B which belongs to IT department.
Step3: Configure the PCs as follows:
Subnet Mask for both networks: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway for LAN A: 192.168.10.1
Default Gateway for LAN B: 192.168.20.1
End devices IP Address
PC1 192.168.10.2
PC2 192.168.10.3
PC3 192.168.10.4
PC4 192.168.10.5
PC5 192.168.20.2
PC6 192.168.20.3
PC7 192.168.20.4
PC8 192.168.20.2

Step4: Select two routers and by providing appropriate hardware connect those routers using Serial DCE
cable
Step5: Configure the routers as follows:
Router 1 Serial 0/0/0 Fast Ethernet0/0/0
IP:192.168.30.2 IP: 192.168.30.3
Router 2 Serial 0/0/0 Fast Ethernet0/0/0
IP:192.168.30.2 IP: 192.168.20.1
Set the clock rate at 128000 and turn port status to on
Step6: In command line for router1 write
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.1
which is the common route between both the LAN’s. Then type
exit
Similarly, in command line for router 2 write
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.1 and then exit.
Step7: Now, we need to check if the data is properly transmitted or not. For this we will send packets from
one PC to other and voce versa. We can also check it by using ping command in the console. Now, if the
ping is successful the network is capable of sharing the data within as well as outside the LAN.

Simulation in Cisco Packet Tracer:

Conclusion: Thus, we studied IP forwarding within a LAN and across a router.