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  • IM - DKA Pathophys

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    This document describes the pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in a 34-year-old female patient with a family history of diabetes. Precipitating factors included a urinary tract infection with fever, dysuria, and bacteriuria. This led to a decrease in insulin and an increase in counterregulatory hormones, resulting in increased lipolysis, proteolysis, and glycogenolysis. Ultimately, this caused hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and dehydration, presenting with symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, hypotension, and tachycardia.

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    IM- DKA Pathophys

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    IM- DKA Pathophys

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    This document describes the pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in a 34-year-old female patient with a family history of diabetes. Precipitating factors included a urinary tract infection with fever, dysuria, and bacteriuria. This led to a decrease in insulin and an increase in counterregulatory hormones, resulting in increased lipolysis, proteolysis, and glycogenolysis. Ultimately, this caused hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and dehydration, presenting with symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, hypotension, and tachycardia.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    2 views2 pages

    IM - DKA Pathophys

    Uploaded by

    Tris
    This document describes the pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in a 34-year-old female patient with a family history of diabetes. Precipitating factors included a urinary tract infection with fever, dysuria, and bacteriuria. This led to a decrease in insulin and an increase in counterregulatory hormones, resulting in increased lipolysis, proteolysis, and glycogenolysis. Ultimately, this caused hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and dehydration, presenting with symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, hypotension, and tachycardia.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    Pathophysiology

    Predisposing Factors: Precipitating Factors:

    - Female - Urinary tract


    - 34 years old infection
    - Family history of DM -
    Decrease Insulin Fever (38.3°C)
    - Previous delivery of a
    large baby Dysuria
    Bacteriuria (1379)
    Tissues such as muscle and fat Weight loss
    Hematuria (224 RBC)
    are unable to take up glucose
    Pyuria (126 WBC)
    Leukocytosis (17.2 x 109 )
    Neutrophilia (89%)
    Increase counter regulatory hormones: Cortisol,
    GH, Cathecolamines and glucagon

    Decrease utilization Increase lipolysis Increase Proteolysis Increase glycogenolysis


    of glucose

    Increase FFA Muscle broken down

    Increase Increase ceatinine


    Ketogenesis (144mmol/L)

    Gluconeogenesis
    Ketoacidosis

    Hyperventilation
    Ketonuria (2+) (29 cpm)

    Free radical formation causes


    damage to pancreatic cells

    Epigastric pain

    Increase serum amylase


    (123)

    Hyperglycemia

    Polyuria: Hyponatremia: Water


    secondary to shifts out of cells
    Glucosuria (3+)
    osmotic diuresis causing dehydration

    Hypovolemia stimualtes thirst Dehydration/ Hypovolemia Hypotension


    receptors in CNS: Polydipsia (90/60)

    Tachycardia
    (122bpm)

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