Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION III – CENTRAL LUZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF NUEVA ECIJA
HILARIO E. HERMOSA MEMORIAL HIGH SCHOOL

SELF-LEARNING MODULE IN TLE – SMAW - 9

Week :3&4
Name: _____________________________Section: _________________ Date: __________
OBJECTIVES
LO1 identify the proper ways to control distortion.
LO2. Illustrate the image of good welding.
LO3. Cite the difference of good image to the image of distorted welding .

I. Readings/Discussions :

METAL DISTORTION

During the welding process, the base metal, particularly the portion that is being welded, is heated t
a very high temperature expanding the metal. When the metal cools off, it no longer returns to its original
shape and dimension. If no precautionary measures are taken, distortion will result. The following are the
three (3) kinds of distortion produced during the welding process:

Transverse distortion. This occurs when butt welded metals that are freely moving are drawn
closer

together by contraction across the weld metal.

Longitudinal distortion. When a weld is deposited on one side of a flat narrow strip of
sheet metal which is not clamped or held down, the strip bends upward causing longitudinal
distortion.

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Angular distortion. When two plates are welded at right angle in such a way that
the weld is on one side only, the plates do not remain at this angle when the joint
cools
off. Contractional stresses result in the pulling of plates towards each other across
the
Directions of the weld thus,producing angular distortion.

Ways of Controlling Distortion

• Use equal intermittent weld.

• Use backing plate and stiffeners.

• Use back step or skip weld.

ACTIVITY SHEET 1.1

PERFORM TACKING

Objectives: To perform tack welding which is visually and dimensionally acceptable with
the requirements of Welding Procedure and Specifications (WPS).
Performing Tack Welding
Materials/Supplies
• Mild steel plates 6 mm x 75 mm x 150 mm (2 pcs)
• Electrode E6013, 3.2 mm diameter

Tools and Equipment:

• Welding machines with accessories
• Welding helmet
• Clear eye glasses
• Chipping hammer
• Steel brush
• Leather apron
• Leather gloves
• Working table

PROCEDURE:

1. Prepare all the materials / equipment

needed in performing tack welding.
2. Lay the plate to be welded on the working
table.
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Plates tack welded

 3. Tack weld the plates 10mm up to 15mm from each end at the middle, without gap
between the plates. 0
70
4. Lay the plate flat on the working table
with the side which is not tacked on top.
0
90
5. Start welding the side which is not
tacked with the electrode at 70° travel
angle and 90° work angle.
3mm

Electrode angle

Note: Maintain an arc length of 2mm to 3mm

1. Using the chipping hammer, chip off slag from the bead, and by using an steel brush, remove
the remnants of

the beads.

Note: Always wear clear eye glasses when chipping slags.

2. Inspect the bead if there is uniform width.
Note: Use steel brush to remove remnants.

3. Weld the opposite side following the same procedure.

4. Present the finished work piece to your instructor.

GUIDED QUESTIONS:
Direction: Read the context above clearly to supply the correct answer to these 3 guided questions.
1. What is metal distortion?
2. What are the 3 ways to control Metal distortion?
3. Differentiate the 3 metal distortion.

Prepared by:

ROMEO P. DELA ROSA

Teacher

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