7.

Conserve the energy consumption in a three phase induction motor by

applying an appropriate energy conservation method.

AIM: To conserve the energy consumption in a three phase induction motor

by improving the power factor with help of switching capacitor on
star connection.

Apparatus:
S.N Equipment Type Range Quantity
.
1. 3 Phase Variac
2. Ammeter
3. Voltmeter
4. Wattmeter/Multi function meter
5. Tachometer
6. 3ph capacitor bank
7 Connecting wires
Circuit Diagram for delta running Mode without switched capacitor:

Circuit Diagram for Star running Mode without switched capacitor:

Circuit Diagram for delta running Mode with switched capacitor:

Circuit Diagram for Star running Mode with switched capacitor:

Name Plate Details

Procedure:
1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram shown the above fig.
2. Keep the 3 phase auto transformer in minimum output position and switch on
the supply.
3. Apply the rated voltage to the stator windings of 3  induction motor with the
help of 3 phase auto transformer.
4. Load the induction motor in steps using the brake-drum arrangement. Note
down the readings of wattmeter ammeter and voltmeter on 25%, 50% , 75%
or100% loading conditions.
5. Determine the capacitor rating to improve the power factor from the applied
loading power factor to unity power factor in steps.
6. Note down the readings of wattmeter, ammeter and voltmeter. Compute the
power or energy change.
7. Stop the motor by gradually releasing the load.
Observations: delta mode
Watt Spring
meters balanc
Voltmet Ammet reading or e
Spee Pow
er er MFM meter readin Torqu Outp
S.N dN Sli er
reading reading readings g e ut
. (rpm p facto
V A W1 W2 S N-m Watts
) r
(volts) (Amps) Watt Watt S1 2
s s Kg K
P Q S E g

Observations: with capacitor switching in delta mode

Watt Spring Improv
meters balanc ed
Voltmet Ammet reading or e Power
Spee Outp
er er MFM meter readin factor Torq
S. dN Sli ut
reading reading readings g with ue
N. (rpm p Watt
V A W1 W2 S capacit N-m
) S1 s
(volts) (Amps) Wat Wat 2 or
K
ts ts K switchi
g
P Q S E g ng

Observations: star mode

Watt Spring
meters balanc
Voltmet Ammet reading or e
Spee Pow
er er MFM meter readin Torqu Outp
S.N dN Sli er
reading reading readings g e ut
. (rpm p facto
V A W1 W2 S N-m Watts
) r
(volts) (Amps) Watt Watt S1 2
s s Kg K
P Q S E g

Observations: with capacitor switching in Star mode

Watt Spring Improv
meters balanc ed
Voltmet Ammet reading or e Power
Spee Outp
er er MFM meter readin factor Torq
S. dN Sli ut
reading reading readings g with ue
N. (rpm p Watt
V A W1 W2 S capacit N-m
) S1 s
(volts) (Amps) Wat Wat 2 or
K
ts ts K switchi
g
P Q S E g ng
Model calculations:
Input power drawn by the motor W = (W1 + W2) watts
Shaft Torque, Tsh = 9.81 (S1 ~ S2) R N-m R  Radius of drum in mts.
2 π N T sh
watts
Output power in watts = 60
output power in watts
% efficiency = x 100
Input power in watts
% slip =
Ns − N
Ns
x 100 [ where N s =
120 x f
p ]
W
cos φ =
Power factor of the induction motor √3 V L I L
MFM Meter Connection diagram:

MFA Meter terminal(back side) connection diagarm:

Questions:
1. Why starter is used? What are different types of starters?
2. Compare a slip ring induction motor with cage induction motor?
3. Why the starting torque is zero for a Single Phase induction motor and non-
zero of 3phase induction motor?
4. What are the disadvantages of this method?
5. Can we use rotor resistance method for starting?

Comparison table:
Delta mode Delta mode
% of operating Condition operating Condition
S No
loading without capacitor with capacitor
switching switching
Active Power(P) kW
Reactive Power (Q) kVAR
Apparent Power (S) kVA
Power difference

Observations:

Results: