CHEMICAL REACTIONS

• REACTIONS INVOLVE CHEMICAL CHANGES IN MATTER RESULTING IN NEW

SUBSTANCES
• REACTIONS INVOLVE REARRANGEMENT AND EXCHANGE OF ATOMS TO PRODUCE
NEW MOLECULES
• ELEMENTS ARE NOT TRANSMUTED DURING A REACTION

Reactants → Products
EVIDENCE OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
• A CHEMICAL CHANGE OCCURS WHEN NEW SUBSTANCES ARE MADE
• VISUAL CLUES (PERMANENT)
• COLOR CHANGE, PRECIPITATE FORMATION, GAS BUBBLES, FLAMES, HEAT RELEASE,
COOLING, LIGHT

• OTHER CLUES
• NEW ODOR, PERMANENT NEW STATE
CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
• SHORTHAND WAY OF DESCRIBING A REACTION
• PROVIDES INFORMATION ABOUT THE REACTION
• FORMULAS OF REACTANTS AND PRODUCTS
• STATES OF REACTANTS AND PRODUCTS
• RELATIVE NUMBERS OF REACTANT AND PRODUCT MOLECULES THAT ARE REQUIRED
• CAN BE USED TO DETERMINE WEIGHTS OF REACTANTS USED AND OF PRODUCTS THAT
CAN BE MADE
COMBUSTION OF METHANE
• METHANE GAS BURNS TO PRODUCE CARBON DIOXIDE GAS AND LIQUID
WATER
• WHENEVER SOMETHING BURNS IT COMBINES WITH O2(G)
CH4(g) + O2(g) CO2(g ) + H2O(l )
O
H H O
C
H
+ O O C + H H
H
O
1C+4H + 2O 1C+2O +2H+O
1C+2H+3O
LET’S PRACTICE!

1.Magnesium reacts with Nitrogen gas to produce Magnesium nitride.

2. Chlorine gas reacts with Lithium bromide to produce Lithium chloride

and bromine gas.

3. Under appropriate conditions at 1000°C ammonia gas reacts with

oxygen gas to produce gaseous nitrogen monoxide and gaseous water