Professional Documents
Culture Documents
of
BACHELOR OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
{B.LI. Sc} 2021-2022
SUBMITTED BY
JONNAGIRI RAKESH
H.T.NO: 02321178752
STUDY CENTER
228-LEARNER SERVICE CENTER, KAVURI HILLS, MADHAPUR,
HYDERABAD
I JONNAGIRI RAKESH here certify that the Library Visit Report submitted in
partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the Bachelor of Library and
Information Science {B. LI. Sc} Batch 2021-2022.
This is a record of bonifide work carried out by me under results and embodied
in this project report has not been produced are copied by any source. This result
embodied in this Project Report have not been submitted to any other university or
institute for the award of any other degree or diploma.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that JONNAGIRI RAKESH, Hall Ticket: 02321178752 of the
Bachelor of Library Information and Sciences (B. LI. SC) has satisfactorily completed
the dissertation work entitled “LIBRARY VISIT REPORT” in the partial fulfilment of
the requirements of the B. LI. Sc during this academic year 2021-2022.
INDEX
S.NO CONTEXT PAGE NO
01 Historical Background:
13 Feedback/Suggestions:
The University Library is catering the Information needs of nearly 4000 UG, PG, and
Research students along with the teaching staff of the following University Institutions,
Institute of Science and Technology with 7 departments, JNTU College of Engineering
Hyderabad with 13 departments, School of Information Technology, School of
Management
Studies, Academic Staff College, Research and Development Unit, University Foreign
Relations Cell and School of Continuous & Distance Education. The University Library
with a seating capacity of 500 Nos. acts as a key learning resource centre of the
University to meet the information needs of the academic community, fostering self
development, fulfilling the curriculum requirements and promoting studies and research.
The University Library is well equipped with modern facilities like electronic resources
in the form of online databases, e-journals, e-books, standards, theses and dissertations
and also in the form of print form of books, journals, reports, etc.
The University Central Library was fully automated with bar coding of the books through
VTLS-Virtua Library Software. The main features of the VTLS Software are OPAC,
Acquisition, Cataloguing, Circulation, Serial Control and, the Digitization of the content
of the books. A well equipped Digital Library is one of the most important sections of the
University Library. In the process of providing modern and better facilities for the users
the
Digital Library section was upgraded with 2 Nos. of IBM x3650 M4 Servers for the SUN
Servers and user access new Desktops 100 Nos. for SUN Thin clients. The Library has
enhanced the dedicated leased line connectivity from 10 MBPS to 20 MBPS under
NKN/NME-ICT Programme.
All the systems are connected to the campus-wide LAN, thus enabling the users to access
the online resources from their respective desktops. Wi-Fi facility with Electrical Power
points is enabled in University Library for benefit of students and staff. This system will
help the users in accessing the e-resources in the library smoothly who are having
personnel laptops. The setting-up of ETD lab and Digitization of the Ph.D theses and
uploading it into Shodhganga is under process.
For the security of books from theft, the University Library is equipped with Surveillance
system on all the three floors with 48 Nos. of Colour dome cameras with 2 Nos. of LED
TV's, DV Recorders having 2 TB storage capacity for effective surveillance on all the
important locations of the Library and also with 3M EM (Electro-magnetic) Library
Security System, ensuring that no material leaves the Library without being properly
issued /checked out.
Q2: Infrastructure
Building: 45,000 sft plinth areas extended in 3 floors.
Ground floor: Circulation and Lending section, General issue books Stack Area, Reading
room, Personal books & Newspaper reading room, Reprography facility, OPAC, Property
counter, ramp for differently- abled users, Lift, Conference Hall with a seating capacity of
50, staff rooms, user terminals, Staff terminals, and UPS room.
Second floor: Digital Library with 48 terminals (one cabin exclusive for research scholars
with 16 terminals), Server room with 5 terminals, Competitive Examinations Reference
Library (CERL) with 8 terminals, Staff terminals, SC & ST Book Bank, Acquisition/
Technical
Section and UPS room
JNTUH Campus Students must show their Identity Card at the Main Entrance of
the
University Library. Students without Identity Card are not allowed inside the
Library. Outside students including Course completed students (UG/PG) of SIT,
IST, SMS, and JNTUH CEH are NOT ALLOWED inside the University Library.
All the students should take Library membership by payment of (UG & PG
Rs.500/- and Research
Scholars Rs.5,000/-) as Library Security deposit (refundable). Payments should be
made by Demand
Draft, drawn in favour of “The University Librarian, University Library, JNTUH",
Payable at
Hyderabad. This library Security deposit is refundable upon completion of the
student’s course at the University Library.
Outside books/ reading material/Mobile/Cell phones/ valuable items, etc. are
NOT ALLOWED inside the University Library.
All the students are advised to keep their personal belongings, such as attaché
cases, brief cases, satchels, bags, umbrellas, etc, books not belonging to the
University Library and books though borrowed from the library but not meant to
be returned to the library, shall be deposited at the Property Counter at the entrance
to the library and obtain a numbered token. If the token is not returned their
belongings will not be returned. It is advisable not to bring valuable things to the
library and deposit them at the Property Counter.
The University Library does not accept any responsibility for any damage or loss
of items/ valuable items ie., (Cash, Gold ornaments, Laptops, Calculator, Digital
diary, Mobile phone, credit card, etc.) inside their bags kept at Property Counter or
inside the University Library. Staff Of Library
Timings:
Library Timings: University Library is open throughout the year except on General
Public Holidays.
The Circulation Section at the entrance of the Library is divided into three divisions viz.
Property Counter
Security Desk
Circulation Counter
Property Counter
Members are advised to keep their personal belongings including handbags, hats,
printed materials, umbrellas, etc. in the property counter which is at the left side of the
entrance. Personal belongings kept in the property counter has to be taken on the same
day itself and if it is kept beyond one day, the staff of library will not held responsible
for the belongings.
Security Desk
Members have to show their membership identity card at the security desk and sign in
the gate register at the time of entering the library. Book(s) issued on loan and all
permitted materials like note books, files, etc. taken inside the library are to be given
for inspection by the security staff when leaving the library. Members are requested to
enter the leaving time in the gate register.
Circulation Counter
The circulation counter is automated. Members are requested to bring their Barcode
Membership Identity Card (single multipurpose card) whenever they visit the library.
Books are issued on loan and received back in this counter. The borrowers tickets
method is abolished and the members can borrow the books by producing the barcode
membership identity card. The maximum number of books that can be borrowed is
available in the Identity Card. Barcode scanners are used in the circulation counter for
issue/return of books. If the books are not returned by the members in time, the
overdue charge slip based be given to the members by the staff in the circulation
counter.
Acquisition Section
Receiving requests from Heads of Departments for new books, duplicate checking, ordering,
accessioning of books and processing bills for payment are the main functions of this
section. Suggestions and recommendations for the purchase of new books can be submitted
to this section. All the books received from vendors/publishers and the donated books are
physically processed and accessioned in this section. The section also has the responsibility
of scrutinising and passing the bill for books received. Since this section is automated, the
manual accession register was discontinued and presently pre-printed accession register is
used.
Classification Section
Dewey Decimal Classification scheme is used for classifying books according to the subject.
Each book is assigned a Call Number which consists of a class number and Book Number.
Class Number is assigned to a book according to its subject matter. Book Number
individualises a book among others having the same Class Number. The Call Number is
written on the spine label of the book.
Catalogue Section
The bibliographic details like edition, year of publication, subject, keywords, etc. are
prepared by this section. The details entered in this section are indexed on various fields like
Author; Title, Subjects, Classification Number, Keywords, etc., and can be retrieved through
the OPAC service.
Periodicals Section
Both Indian and Foreign journals currently subscribed and journals received as gift are
displayed in the shelves in this section. News papers and popular magazines are also
available for reading. At present, 260 Indian and 283 Foreign journals are subscribed by the
Library. ---- journals are received as gratis. A journal, on completion of its volume will be
processed for binding. After the binding is over, the volume will be accessioned and added to
the Back-Volume shelf. Necessary reading tables and chairs are provided for reading and
reference.
Information Technology Section
Automated and Digital Library Services are provided from this section. All sections of the
Library have been connected through LAN. Computer Data Base of the holdings of the
Library has already been created using the Library Management Software LIBSYS.
Maintaining Hardware and Software, Providing Internet Service, E-resources Access
Services, WEBOPAC Service, Remote Login Service Document Delivery Service,
Maintaining Library Databases, Generating Bar-Coded Identity Cards, Barcode Labels for
books, etc., and Spine Labels for books, Creating Membership Details, etc. are some of the
activities of the I.T. section. The following Servers are maintained by the IT section.
2. Web Portal
4. EZ Proxy Server
Library is having more than 125 desktops to cater various needs of the users and Library
staff. More than 50 desktops are provided for the users for browsing the e-resources, 10
desktops for OPAC service, 20 desktops for training and orientation and 3 desktops equipped
with book scanner and Audio/OCR software for Visually Challenged.
Reference Section
Stack Section
This is the most important section of the Library. Its function is the display and maintenance
of books that are issued on loan. The whole section is arranged in three floors. Members
have the facility of open access to most of the collection available in this section.
Books are arranged on the shelves according to Dewey Decimal Classification Scheme. Each
book is assigned a Class Number and Book Number. Class Number is assigned to a book
according to its subject and Book Number individualises a book among others having the
same Class Number. In this arrangement books on the same subject are kept together.
Members are advised to check the availability of the books through the Online Public Access
Catalogue (OPAC) Service. After obtaining relevant information through OPAC, the users
can proceed to the respective stack area to take the books of their choice.
Pondicherry University Library has been recognised by the United Nations Organisation,
New York, as its Depository. Publications of the United Nations are received by the
University Library and arranged according to the subject in this section. The documents are
available for reference only. The documents are available in CD-ROMs and On-line also.
Theses/Dissertation Section
Ph.D. Theses and M.Phil. Dissertations of the University and affiliated colleges are received
and maintained by this section. The bibliographic details of the Theses and Dissertations are
available on OPAC. The required Theses/Dissertations could be searched through OPAC and
referred.
purposes content)
Print Journals:
Electrical Engineering(12)
1 Communication Today
2 Electronics For You
3 Electronics Bazaar
4 i-Managers Journal on Electronics Engineering
5 International Journal of Computer and Electronics Engineering
6 IUP Journal of Telecommunication Engineering
7 STM; Current Trends in Signal Processing
8 Telecommunications Journal
9 Voice and Data
Computer Science(13)
1 American Scientist
2 Career 360
3 Competition Affairs
4 Competition Success Review
5 Edutracks
6 Everymans Science
7 Kurukshetra
8 National Geographic
9 Readers Digest
10Science Reporter
11Yoga Quest
12Yojana
13Facts for you
14Frontline
15India Today
16Outlook
17Time
Multidisciplinary Journals(16)
1
CSIR News
2 Current Science
3 Defence Science Journal
4 Indian Science abstracts
5 Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge
6 Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research
7 Journal of the Institute of Engineering(India) Series-A CE,AE,EE,AE
Magazines
15 Forbes(English)
16 Pratyogita Darpan(English)
17 Pratyogita Kiran(English)
18 Readers Digest(English)
19 The Week(English)
20 Out Look(English)
21 Sports Star(English)
22 Yoga Quest(English)
23 Yojana(English)
24 Current Affairs (Telugu)
25 Udyoga Sopanam (Telugu)
26 Vijetha Competitions (Telugu)
27 Psychology Today (English)
28 Shine(Telugu)
Newspapers
Library classification forms part of the field of library and information science. It
goes hand in hand with library cataloguing under the rubric of ‘cataloguing and
classification’, sometimes grouped together as technical services (New World
Encyclopedia, 2014). In very simple words, classification determines the category and
belonging of materials, whereas, cataloguing is organization and listing of that
information to facilitate browsing and search operation. The classification systems place
items about the same subject in the same area of the library. The library catalogue might
be compared to the index for a book. The index provides the reader with a way to find
information in the book without having to read every page. The index tells the reader the
page on which the information about a specific subject can be found. The library
catalogue does the same thing. It tells the library user exactly where materials meeting
their specific needs can be found, with the call number of the book corresponding to the
page number in an index. The information contained in the cataloguing record provides
the many access points needed by the patron looking for information in the library.
Traditionally, the library card catalogue provided access by the author’s name, the title of
an item, and the subject(s) covered in the item. Other points of access were additional
authors, names of series, illustrators, and sometimes the titles of contents.
Degree of classification (e.g., close, with the most minute subdivisions, or broad,
with omission of detailed subdivisions) may also characterize a system. Several systems
of classification have been developed to provide the type of access and control that a
particular library and its clientele need. Generally, each system consists of a scheme that
arranges knowledge in terms of stated principles into classes, then divisions and
subdivisions (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2016). In the case of Australian Islamic Library,
catalogue is customizable by users according to their needs as they can sort it to view
‘books by subject’, ‘chronological order’ as well as ‘alphabetical’ listing of titles/
authors/publishers etc. Types of catalogues can also be viewed from other perspectives
and angles. In bigger libraries there will be several catalogues, including a title catalogue
(and perhaps an author catalogue), a subject catalogue and a shelf list. The following
description of different types of catalogues is extracted from Nicola Baird’s book (1994)
on starting and setting up libraries: Title catalogues: A title catalogue helps readers who
are looking for a particular book. This type of catalogue is useful because it is an
alphabetical record of the titles of all the stock in the library. It is also assists with
continuity of library operations and management of operations during staff leave etc.
Author catalogues: Some librarians recommend making an author catalogue. This is
similar to a title catalogue, except that it is an alphabetical record of all the authors
represented in the library. The problem is that some publications (especially pamphlets)
do not have one obvious author. Subject catalogues: Subject catalogues help those readers
who are searching for books on a particular subject. However, subject catalogues can be
complicated as they may need many cross-references to other subjects and titles.
This system assigns number ranges to various subject areas. Using this system can
result in some ranges to remain unused due to lack of availability of books or media
related to those subject categories.
For this reason, not all librarians think Dewey is the best classification system for
schools. If a library has only a few books, the shelves can look rather odd, with unclear
subject links between neighbouring books. Some teacher-librarians also say that
students find Dewey hard to understand. Librarians need to think about students’ needs
and how easy it will be for them to find the information they want. In general, Dewey is
a useful classification system, but adaptations are recommended to enhance usability
(Nicola Baird, 1994, p. 32).
Library of Congress Classification:
In 1899, the United States Library of Congress created a classification scheme for
books. It is called the Library of Congress Classification system (LC for short). In this
system, all knowledge is divided into 21 broad subject areas by letters of the alphabet
(I, O, W, X, and Y are not used). These subject areas (denoted by letters) are further
sub-divided by adding a second letter to show the particular branch of a subject. For
example, G denotes geography in general whereas GA refers to mathematical
geography. These branches or subjects are then further sub-divided into topics using
numbers. This combination of subject areas (letters) and numbers is called the call
number for that book. This classification system also allows mentioning a particular
collection as a few coded letters at the beginning of call number (Gerald R. Sherratt
Library, 2014).
ONLINE LIBRARY CATALOGUE:
In the current section of our paper, we will analyse the classification and cataloguing of
digital content at Australian Islamic Library.
Classification:
Hjørland presents a very relevant finding in his lecture and subsequent paper: “At the
practical level, libraries are increasingly dispensing with classifying books. At the
theoretical level, many researchers, managers, and users believe that the activity of
‘classification’ is not worth the effort, as search engines can be improved without the
heavy cost of providing metadata” (Birger Hjørland, 2010).
This is even more relevant in the case of digital libraries operating through online
platforms, as search engines have simplified the task of finding books. However, as
highlighted in the section dealing with problems faced by online readers/ viewers,
differences in spellings and titles being in different languages (in addition to other
issues) contribute to users not being able to find required content. Therefore, it is
important to assign a ‘subject area’ to content. However, the numbering of each book
may not be very relevant in line with experiences and observations in the case of
Australian Islamic Library. Similarly, it is considered appropriate to use ‘strings’ in the
classification of content rather than numbers as users find it easy to search various
content classes alphabetically sorted out for them.
Australian Islamic Library is has finalized its cataloguing mechanism, built the structure
and commenced original entries at the time this paper is being written. Library intends
to provide classification information (strings rather than number codes) in its catalogue
(rather than mentioning it on individual books, like traditional libraries, as no lending,
racking or de-racking operations are involved in the case of digital contents).
Cataloguing:
In terms of cataloguing, following are included in the main entry for each item:
- Title of book
- Classification – Subject area (e.g. Fiqh) and sub-Category (Fiqh of Taharah etc.)
- Author
- Year of publication
- Language
- Abstract
- Publisher
- ISBN
- Date of Addition
- Edition
- Pages
- Flag for new arrival (books uploaded within last six months)
- Location (Link for reading/ downloading/ listening/ watching the file)
Implementation:
The objective of cataloguing activity is to enable search of relevant content from the
catalogue in an optimized manner while saving search-time. There can be a number of
various approaches adopted to achieve this purpose which may range from simple free-
ware solutions to super high-tech systems. Australian Islamic Library has adopted the
following approach which is found to be effective from resource requirement point of
view:
- An catalogue was created in an excel spread-sheet containing required fields as
explained above under ‘cataloguing’
- This spreadsheet was hosted on Google drive and published online (so that it can
be accessed through a url)
- Worksheet will be updated as new books get added to library and as the
cataloguing activity goes ahead further
Library automation consists of the hardware and software used to automate libraries. Library
automation is most often associated with a library management system (LMS) which
provides automated tools for managing a library’s collections and usage information.
Through library automation, all library daily tasks and services can be automated. Most
commonly libraries can automate:
Automation in libraries improves the efficiency of the whole system. It is more reliable than
manually completed tasks and is constantly improving with technology upgrades. Here are
the key purposes of library automation in today’s fast-paced world.
Library automation software makes it easier for patrons to use electronic resources,
for example by providing barcode scanning or RFID tags that can be used to identify
books.
It reduces the staff workload and increases the efficiency of the library.
It encompasses the process of replacing traditional, paper-based systems with
computers and software.
It makes information more available and accessible in an easier manner.
With automation, libraries can save space by not having to keep too many physical
books as they used to before.
It helps libraries save time and money by automating administrative tasks.
Libraries that use automation need less staff because most tasks are automated.
Libraries can automate their databases so that there are fewer mistakes and more data
accuracy.
The possibility of data and resource duplication is eliminated with automation.
Automate Your Library With iSLIM
iSLIM Library management system is a web-based software that can be used by any type
of library- educational, public, or corporate. Our team at Algorhythms developed iSLIM with
the use of most modern technologies to provide high-quality services for its users. It can help
you automate the various tasks related to cataloging, circulation, acquisitions, serials, and
more.
For example, Libraries can automate their email reminders/letters to vendors for unreceived
books. The iSLIM also automates overdue reminders, sets reminders for non-receipt of loose
issues, etc.
Indeed, library automation has brought a revolution in the way libraries carry out their key
tasks. If you wish to boost your library’s efficiency using automation, we’re all ears. Get in
touch with the Algorhythms team and discuss your requirements soon!
Scholarly and professional interest in digital libraries has grown rapidly throughout the
1990s. In the United States, The term digital library has been applied to a wide variety of
offerings from collections of electronic journals to software agents that support inquiry-
based education to collections of email to electronic versions of a public library, to personal
information collections, and even to the entire Internet. The one property these various
entities have in common is their digitization or digital coherence (Daniel Atkins). Digital
coherence means all the objects in a digital library, whether sounds, images, texts, or some
other media, can be treated in essentially the same way. Prior to digital coherence, libraries
needed to treat various media, for example, books, journals, videos, and musical recordings,
differently (Harter, 1997). One could say that digital coherence is the mechanism which
permits a form of equality among various information resources. This equality has
importance for delivery and integration of information.
HISTORY
In 1939, before the first digital computer system was designed, Vannevar-Bush, a professor
of electrical engineering at MIT proposed a system that in many ways foreshadowed modern
digital libraries. [Bush 1939, 1945] (Bush would become head of the Office of Scientific
Research and Development during World War 2 and then one of the chief advocates for the
creation of the National Science Foundation.) This system, the “Memex”, was designed to
microfilm entire libraries of books and journals, combine these with individuals’ private
notes and indexes, and make them available on the desktop. Bush envisioned that the
Memex would enable users and information professionals to create new organizations of
knowledge through ‘associative trails’, links among parts of different documents. Although
this system was never built, Bush’s ideas inspired generations of future computer scientists,
including J.C.R. Licklider, who made fundamental contributions to the development of
personal computer interfaces, artificial intelligence, the internet, and digital libraries.
Licklider envisioned much of the design of modern digital libraries, including the integration
of indexing, search, retrieval, and storage services. [Licklider 1965].
According to the most recent understanding, the DLs of the future will be able to operate
over a large variety of information object types - far wider than those maintained today in
physical libraries and archives. These information objects will be composed of several multi-
type and multimedia components aggregated in an unlimited number of formats. These, for
example, can mix text, tables of scientific data and images obtained by processing earth
observation data, or they can integrate 3D images, annotations and videos. These new
information objects will offer innovative and more powerful means to researchers for
sharing and discussing the results of their work. In order to be able to support these objects,
the DL functionality has to be appropriately extended far beyond that required to manipulate
the simple digital surrogates of the physical objects. In order to support these objects the DL
may need considerable resources. For example, the creation and handling of the new
documents may require access to many different, large, heterogeneous information sources,
the use of specialised services that process the objects stored in these sources for producing
new information, and the exploitation of large processing capabilities for performing this
tasks.
CONCLUSTION
The future development look of the Digital library will be very different from what it is now.
Clearly, consortia will become even more important forces in the electronic information
world. As long as they can prove that they are providing a cost-efficient product that is used,
they will continue to receive the support of funding agencies.
Digital Library
Hardware Total
a) IBM x3650 M4 2 Nos
b) Network Attached Storage Box ( 800 GB) 1 No
c) Dell Desktops 65 Nos
d) 20 GB DAT Drive 1 No
e) Dell Server 1 No
f) Digital Camera 1 No
Software
i) Operating System: LINUX, Open Source CentOS , Windows 10, Windows
XP
ii) Database : oracle9i
iii) Digital Library software: VTLS - VIRTUA Software (Virtual Library
System), Integrated Library Management Software Solution (ILMSS) with
unlimited user access for - 10 users Oracle 9i license.
iv) SOUL Software
Networking
LAN is developed throughout University Library (Three floors) with CAT 6
Cable, with 4 CISCO Switches, with 24 ports each of 96 nodes and 1 Router.
20 MBPS bandwidth dedicated under NKN/NME-ICT Programme sanctioned
under UGC-INFONET Programme
A Firewall (CISCO Make) and L3-GIGA Switch (CISCO Make) are installed to
protect Computer Servers to prevent the users in viewing unwanted sites,
monitor and regulate all incoming and outgoing internet traffic
Library Services
The library service which brings the staff in contact with users to provide the right
information at the right time and to help them in finding out resources and providing required
information should be emphasized.
1. Circulation Operation:
One of the prime functions of a university library is the circulation of documents or lending
of library materials. Every library executes it and intends to satisfy its users’ Helen Geer has
advocated that while embarking on a circulation system for a library it should be evaluated
on the parameter of the cost involved in its organization and administrations, improvement in
reader’s service and reduction in costly records.
From the beginning to on-wards the world of librarianship has brought out the following
systems:
2. Reference Service:
According to Ranganathan, right contact means, contact between the right reader and the
right book at the right time and in the right personal way„ “He is of the view that the
establishment of such a contact is “the only available and effective method” of discharging
the function of converting the users into habitual users. He has named that method as a
reference service.
3. Information Service:
The term information service has a wide ambit and is not restricted to a specific item of
information provided on demand but also the provision of information in advance. There are
numerous modes to forecast and predict the actual demand. Users’ approach to seeking
information may cover bulletins, bibliographies, documentation lists, document delivery,
annual reports, literature surveys, CAS, SDI, On-line searching, reports, etc.
Information service is a prime activity in any kind of library. In the university library, it is
indispensable for the researcher as well as faculty members and students.
4. Bibliographic Service:
Bibliography, today indicate a gamut of documents but mainly material arranged in a logical
way to fulfill the needs on demand of users. The Oxford English Dictionary defines
bibliography as the systematic description and history of books, their authorship, printing,
publishing, editions, etc. To Esdaile, the bibliography was the art of recording books, and the
science of making of books and their extant record. The usual attribute of these descriptions
is that bibliographies list books in a systematic way to reveal the source of knowledge.
5. Abstracting Service:
The modern era is christened as the era of the information age, there is no branch of
knowledge where so much of quantum of information has been generated. Therefore huge
sources are documented but it creates the problem not only in organizing the knowledge but
also in selection of quality and important information products. An abstracting service
intends to facilitate the summarization of new documents and inform the users about the
topical areas of interest to them. The various kinds of abstracts are recognized by their scope
on coverage. The commonly known abstracts are indicative and informative.
6. Indexing Service:
With the escalation in quantity and complexity of published literature, and with the
awakening that information is of paramount significance for research, socio-economic
development and decision-making, the utility of an Index has garnered wide acceptance
sizeable improvement in quality and design of an index have been made to match the varied
requirements of the users and in the tandem act as a forceful communication link between the
source of information and the user of information.
The researchers, students, and faculty members are required to be abreast of the latest
development in their respective areas to remain updated and to sustain the challenges of the
fast-growing competitive environment. Pertinent current information is available in
newsletters, newspapers, journals and other micro-documents.
The term SDI was coined by Hans Peter Luhn for the first time in 1959. A service that is
personal rather than common; it has evolved out of the development of key term indexes.
Viewed as a ‘Personalized CAS’ SDI serves high-interest areas. Luhn defines SDI as the
service concerned with the “channeling of new ideas of information from whatever source to
those points within the organization where the probability of usefulness, in connection with
current work of interest, is high.
9. Reprographic Services:
The term reprography was used for the first time in 1954 as a generic term for all kinds of
facsimile reproduction of documents, covering in its scope, processes, and techniques related
to photocopying, micro copying, blueprinting, electro coping, Thermo copying decline
reproduction, etc. In earlier times, all these processes and techniques were called copying
which without a doubt was wider in is ambit and did encompass copy-typing and duplicating
in the offices, photocopying in the libraries and blueprinting in drawing office.
The development of the nation hinges on the maximum usage of information within the
length and breadth of the country and outside.
There are numerous languages that have documented the pace of progress and achievement
in various areas of knowledge, western countries made significant scientific advances in the
20th century mainly in languages like English, German and French. In recent years, Japan
has been acknowledged as a bigwig in areas of economics and information.
11. CD-ROM (Computer Disc-Read Only Memory) Service:
CD-ROM is one of the storage media developed due to the information explosion has well as
the urgency for quicker processing and accessing of information. CD-ROM is known to be a
revolution in information media. CD-ROM technology has proven itself as a blessing for
libraries in facilitating library service to the users. CD-ROM is more accessible for searching
the information and as it occupies less space and has the large storing capacity, it is more
suited for university libraries.
CD-ROM is one of the storage media developed due to the information explosion has well as
the urgency for quicker processing and accessing of information. CD-ROM is known to be a
revolution in information media. CD-ROM technology has proven itself as a blessing for
libraries in facilitating library service to the users. CD-ROM is more accessible for searching
the information and as it occupies less space and has the large storing capacity, it is more
suited for university libraries.70
Circulation of books.
An electronic alarm system installed at the entrance and exit of a library facilitates to
detect the unauthorized removal of library materials (theft). Most security systems use a
swingarm or pair of uprights called a security gate activated by a magnetic strip affixed to
each item, which must be desensitized by circulation staff at the time the item is checked
out to avoid triggering the alarm. Some security systems include a counting device for
gathering statistics on traffic patterns. (Reitz, 2005)
Computer workstations are crucial part of any library. Students spending a full day working
on a project, patrons making a quick stop to check email, and people who rely completely on
their local library for any computer access are just a few of the needs libraries must provide
for.
In order to effectively meet the neds of a wide range of people, the computer workstations
available in a library need to be versatile enough to support any patron’s required use, and
they need to be intentionally designed t promote productivity and wise usage of space No
two people work the same way, and computer stations need to built with that in mind.
Equipment facilities:
Circulation counter
Self-Check Machine
Open Reading Area
Open Terminals (Online Public Access Caatalog) (User Guide)
Open Reading Area
Private Reading Area
Reference Desk
Discussion / Meeting Room
Seminar/Multipurpose Room
Wireless Broadband Facilities -Internet Access
Cyber Station
Laptop Charging Area
Multimedia Section
Education &Entertainment Room
Café
Lockers
Photocopy Machine
The library material needs to be maintained on routine basis. Maintenance of library material
involves kinds of stacking, shelf arrangement, cleaning, shelving, stock verification and
weeding of unwanted material. Binding of documents will also be discussed as it is essential
for care and repair of documents for their long life.
Maintenance Work
In every library, maintenance of library material involves continuous monitoring of the stack
room, displaying of new material on the display racks and arrangement of the books and
periodicals on the shelves after use. The maintenance work is related to many sections of the
library.
The documents after processing are to be properly shelved and displayed. The
arrangement on the shelves should ensure that the most used books are in prominent
places and not strictly as per the classification scheme. Oversized books are to be
placed separately. The stacking of the documents should ensure that minimum space
is wasted.
All kinds of material which includes both book and non-book material has to be
placed properly. Documents should be shelved on their allotted space on the shelves.
There has to be proper lighting and sufficient provision for future growth of the
library.
Duties of the stack management staff require an understanding of workflow,
adherence to standards, and attention to details.
Shelving Methods
This is the best and most popular method of shelving. Here, all the books are arranged
systematically as per the classification schedule. The user too finds it convenient. It is
also found to be the most successful method in open access system. A majority of the
libraries in the world use the Dewey Decimal System. This system of numerical
classification allows libraries around the world to classify and arrange the material on
the shelves according to the classification scheme.
Arrangement by Broken Order
Here, books on the same subject are broken into three main categories-oversized,
undersized and normal. They are placed in separate sequences in separate places. This
is an economical method but books on the same subject do get separated.
Shelving Methods
Arrangement by Accession Numbers
Books may be arranged by their accession numbers in libraries with a small collection. But
this system is very rarely followed. In open access libraries having plenty of users this
system is not at all used.
Alphabetical by Author/Title
This is the simple way of arranging books in small libraries as it is easier to maintain small
collections alphabetically either by author or by title. However, even in larger libraries,
fiction can be arranged alphabetically by author and if an author has written a large number
of books, then they are arranged by title, within the name of the author.
Stacking Methods
There are various kinds of stacking methods available which vary from library to library. The
main consideration for any library should be to ensure that the maximum space is utilized,
and the users too should find it convenient and easy to move among the stacks. Shelves are
either made of wood or steel. Depending on the available space, the authorities of a library
may decide to use single-faced or double-faced units.
These are normal fixed shelves where material can be arranged in double rows.
Here two shelves are joined together with hinges on one side and one shelf is fixed while the
other is mounted in front of the hinges.
Rolling Stacks
These are metal stacks units mounted on ball bearing wheel placed side by side.
Compact Storage
This system consists of units of three stacks, the center row of fixed double-sided stacks at
each side. This helps in increasing the capacity of the storage space.
Multi-Tier Stacks
This kind of stacking consists of stacks from floor to the roof and has become quite popular
in very large libraries. It is to be noted here that there should be adequate provision for both
horizontal and vertical expansion. Besides this, the shelves should be durable and look
attractive and functional. Proper guides should be provided on the shelves.
Book Ends/Support/Rest
The most popular type of book support is the plate type book support. These are available in
two heights, i.e.. , 6 “and 9” and are selected according to the height of the books being
shelved.
Once functional, the new facility will be one of its kind in the country and will host different
learning activities with varying learning preferences. These include:
Collection housing capacity around 1,50, 000 (various formats) – separate section for
personal collections
Collaborative learning spaces with flat-screen display panels – 2 (with the capacity of
8 each).
Collaborative learning space for sharing knowledge and conducting presentations in
small groups – 18 participants
Video conference/recording studio – 35 participants
Seating capacity 400 – carrels, groups, lounge
Research support data center – 12 PCs
Learning commons (collaborative) – 20 PCs
E-research zone (individual PC/laptop friendly) – 20 seats
Computing facilities on the go (catalog search) – 12 PCs/terminals
Leisure place (collaboration/network) – coffee shop, copying (print and digital),
bookshop
Flexible workstations for 25 staff members
Learner support/research support services desk – convenient and functional
Exhibit and display areas
Services
Over-All Infrastructure
The University Library welcomes suggestions and comments about all the services we offer.
We undertake to investigate each issue raised and to provide users with a considered
response.
Please note that the Library may publish the replies given to any queries raised, but will
respect the confidentiality of the individuals concerned.
The Library's User Services Group reviews our suggestions procedures on an annual basis at
the first meeting of the academic year to ensure that the policies and procedures in place are
fit for purpose.
Library Review :-
This Is Very Nice Library Which Has A Wide Variety Of Books On Different Subjects.
Good Ambiance And Silence Place. Good Place For Book Lovers.
Q.14 Bibliographic Details of any 5 reference Sources consulted in Library.