FACULTY OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA (UiTM) CAWANGAN KEDAH

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT 2 (10%)

Course Name Access to Information

Course Code IMD124
Full Name NUR IZZAH BINTI ISKANDAR

ID No. 2021616394

Group KIM1102C

Date 9TH MAY 2022

Instruction:

• Students are required to write essay (each not exceed 1000 words) based on
questions given.

• Your essay must be prepared according to standard format (Times News Roman,
12, 1.5 Spacing and Justify. Label with captions if you use any illustrations
(Picture, Table etc.)

• Students are required to include minimum of 3 references in each essay using APA
citation style.

• Please ensure the dateline to avoid late submission. Submit your work in PDF file.

Prepared for:

ENCIK MOHD SHAMSUL BIN DAUD

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like to thank to the almighty Allah SWT for giving me the health
and intelligence in my whole life from his blessing. I finally managed to complete all my
assignments throughout my studies successfully. I cannot complete my assignment and
research without his blessing.

Next, I would like to thank my lecture, Sir Mohd Shamsul bin Daud that always guide
me and all my classmates to complete this assignment. Without his help and guidance, I do not
think I can manage to accomplish his course assignment that was given. Therefore, I want to
thank to all my friends that always give me support and motivation.

Other than that, I am so grateful to both of my parent, mom and dad who have raised me
well with love since little without them beside me I do not think I can manage to continue my
study until this level. Last but not least, I would like to express my thankfulness to University
Technology Mara (UiTM) campus Merbok, Kedah for giving me this opportunity to further
my studies here in this campus branch.

THANK YOU

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

ITEMS PAGE NO.

Acknowledgment i

Question 3 1-3

Question 3 References 4

Question 4 5-7

Question 4 References 8

Appendices ii
TOPIC DISCUSSION 3:

Question 3: What is Bibliographic Control (BC) and Explain why Bibliographic Control
(BC) is important? (20 marks)

Answer:

What is Bibliographic Control (BC)? Bibliographic control is analyzing the process of

identifying, defining, evaluating and classifying books and other communication materials so
that they may be systematically organized, kept, accessed and utilized as needed. Pandey
(2015) defined bibliographic control as all the activities that are involved in making,
organizing, managing and keeping the file of bibliographic records displaying the items held
in a library or records collection or the information listed in a dataset or data file to assist access
to all the information contained in them. Bibliographic control is an IFLA/UNESCO initiative
that begins with national bibliographic control, progresses to universal bibliographic control
and ends with universal publishing availability. Control of bibliography in countries is
concerned in order to work effectively and comprehensively. Each country compiles and
maintains all its own national bibliography, which is an embodiment of the country's
intellectual production and symbolizes the public's academic and intellectual performance
including in Malaysia. A set of processes ensuring quality productive lists of multiple sources
of information.

Moreover, bibliographic control is important in the library world for example sorting and
locating so that it enables users may receive the information they need whenever and wherever
they need it, regardless of distance or location. First of all, the bibliographic itself is already an
important element for information resources in the library including a research report, proposal
or thesis is an example of academic writing. That is why bibliographic control can be so
important in the information resources field. Bibliographic Control (BC) is important one of
them is the development of systems and databases. Increasing computer power allows for more
advanced searches, such as employing Boolean search or truncation. According to Synman
(2009), People who are well-versed in bibliographic control concepts can give useful feedback
throughout the construction of databases and online platforms. As a result, it is clear that
teaching bibliographic control will continue to be critical in order to ensure national and
universal bibliographic control, to allow information services to access information and

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cataloging records, that provide a high-quality user experience and improve current online
systems.

Next, it is important for national and universal bibliography control to ensure the identity
and localization of approaches inside the country's borders. Apart from identifying, recovering,
collecting and preserving physical things that originate in the country, it is critical to create
bibliographic records that characterize and identify the publication. When considering national
bibliographic control in response to universal control, it is critical that the national
bibliographic agency be responsible for the growth of authority and bibliographic records in
each new publication authorized in line with industry international standards, in addition to the
collection of items. A degree of global bibliographic control might be available if all nations
were to adopt bibliographic control at the national level.

After that, bibliography control is important for cooperation between information

services and libraries. Issues and the development of available sources of information have
made it hard for organizations to collect all of the elements required to meet the requirements
of the customers. Collaboration is especially common in shared cataloguing and resource
sharing. The purpose of the library catalogue is no longer just to "display what the library has,"
but also to indicate what the library can get for the reader. As a result, a library's catalogue
records must fix and belong to the greater world. Effective bibliographic control is performed
via the use of bibliographic control activities. The digital age's information explosion has
resulted in a growth of publications created by various authors, leaving users with the challenge
of identifying and locating recorded knowledge contained in journals, media and other books
like in printed or electronic form that generally floods in the industry and the web. The ability
to locate and use these multiple resources is improved by bibliographic approaches. According
to Akidi (2020) bibliographic control practices are thus defined as all activities carried out by
a bibliographic authority to ensure accurate and detailed creation, organization, management,
maintenance, preservation and access to data resources, as well as the creation of means of
usage, accessibility and utilization of such information resources. Bibliographic control
procedures make information resources more widely available, accessible and accessible.

Providing access to various information resources by title, name, subject and other
important information. There should be several access points if there are varieties of methods
to discover a component. The replacement record must have sufficient metadata to allow users

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to locate the information database or resources they want. The consistency of these access
points can be established by authority control. This also the importance of bibliographic control
that is practiced in naming a bibliographic information resource. Creating listings of these
information sources that follow conventional citation guidelines. Library catalogues, indexes,
and archives finding aids are examples of retrieval methods.

In conclusion, bibliography control provides comprehensive bibliographies, there should

be effective access to information on documents in the subject. Bibliographic control includes
all aspects of bibliographies, including current, comprehensive, retrospective and elective.
These several bibliographies should complement one another in order to support various points
of views and techniques. Overall, bibliographies in a particular subject can obtain
bibliographical control over each main field of knowledge.

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 REFERENCES

Akidi, J. (2020). Bibliographic control practices in the digital age: conceptual and theoretical
framework perspective. Library Philosophy and Practice, 3998.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7434&context=libphilpra
c

LISBDNETWORK. (2016, June 25). Bibliographical control. Library and Information Science
Network. https://www.lisedunetwork.com/bibliographical-control/

Pan American Health Organization. (2020, July 29). The importance of bibliographic control
was the subject of the second VHL and BiblioSUS Networks Webinar.
https://www.paho.org/en/news/29-7-2020-importance-bibliographic-control-was-
subject-second-vhl-and-bibliosus-networks

Pandey, R. (2015) Dictionary of library & information science, 7th ed. New Delhi: O. P. Gupta
for Ramesh Publishing House

Snyman, R. (2009). Bibliographic control - is the current training still relevant?

https://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla66/papers/108-183e.htm

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TOPIC DISCUSSION 4:

Question 4: Locally, Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM) is responsible to control

bibliographic matters in Malaysia. Explain any Bibliographic Control (BC) activities and
practice in Malaysia. (20 marks)

Answer:

A national bibliographic agency (NBA) is responsible for providing authentic

bibliographic data for its own country's publications and giving that data available to other
NBAs, libraries and other community organizations (such as archives and museums) through
effective and timely services with the intent to increase open access to bibliographic data.
Universal Bibliographic Control is based on sharing the work of resource description, avoiding
waste by facilitating the share and re-use of bibliographic data and supplying. Standards are
essential for effective partnerships between libraries and also other data suppliers. In this
situation, bibliographic control is an important concern that is also known as the information
organization of bibliographic organization. For cataloguing, identifying systems such as ISBN
and ISSN, characters encoding, authorities’ control, categorization techniques, information and
persistent naming of digital objects, national bibliographic organizations should embrace
national and international standards and rules. National bibliographic authorities should
support efforts to align bibliographic standards produced for all types of publishing (IFLA,
2019).

Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM) is responsible to control bibliographic matters in

Malaysia. The national library is in charge of obtaining and preserving copies of all major
books published in the country, as well as operating as a deposit library, either by law or by
consent. The national library also has a huge collection of foreign literature regarding the
country. All the library materials, including books, catalogue, pamphlets manuscripts, journals,
articles, music, films, sound recordings, pictures, microforms, artifacts and electronic resources
are all included in Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM) as the national library collections.
All the information material and sources must go through Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia
(PNM) first before publishing any of the material to the public. It is to make sure that the
information that was given is authentic and legit so that people do not get false or not true
information as believed. According to Sulistyo-Basuki (n.d), a complete national bibliography

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may include conventional cataloguing information for last item descriptions as well as
information on upcoming releases, allowing for early purchasing of new goods.

Figure 4.0: Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM)

Logo

Furthermore, Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM) as National Bibliographic center

that is responsible for bibliographic control for the publication in Malaysia. The receiving,
sorting, editing and filing of cards or bibliographic data given by participating libraries is
particularly labor demanding in a cooperative catalogue, which originated as a way of
identifying library resources in a number of libraries for bibliographic lending. A bibliographic
citation includes information on the author and publisher, as well as a brief summary of the
text, which is generally referred to as the abstract. a list of publications on a topic or by a person
that were utilized or referenced in the writing of a research paper, book or article and referenced
is another term for it. It appears at the end of a publication, essay or research report. The topic
of national bibliographies is given from the standpoint of the user, with a focus on the role and
use of national bibliographies in research that Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM) is
responsible for, in any of information sources material which in printed or digital form. The
data must be presented under an open license and as open linked data to ensure the quality of
national bibliographies which is one of the bibliographic controls that is practiced in this
country by Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM). Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM)
provides direction and advice, practice, do research, and be actively dedicated to serving the
national library community by understanding its priorities.

After that, Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM) as the national policy for library and
information services in the country. The information factor has an excessive impact on society
in numerous ways, there's also the phenomenon of an information explosion, which poses

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crucial issues for efficient information control and management (Mohamed, 1989). The
National Library of Malaysia (NLM) was created in response to household spending in the
nation to offer public access to information. Developing a national information system capable
of meeting the information requirements of all national consumer sectors. Through law,
responsible policy development and intellectual rights guidelines for universities and research
institutes, this strategy aims to establish an environment that supports future technology
commerce, economic activity and new employment prospects. This is part of a larger effort to
foster an environment that encourages innovation and creativity. These are some of the national
policies for library and information services in the country which are workforce, plan and work
contribution of information provider agencies, law, technologies and its effects, publication
and communication, development process and planning and implementation, and international
dimensions.

In conclusion, Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM) is responsible in controlling all the

information materials and publications that were published in the country. They have the
license in managing all the resources including printed and non-printed materials to publish for
the public. To ensure all the information that is relished is correct and reliable to use.
Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM) also required preservation of the Book Act 1966 which
is all Malaysian publishers are supposed to contribute two copies of each book they produce to
the National Library. It is to secure the information from fake information to relies and if the
information about the material has confusion, Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia (PNM) will
check and investigate back the material. Bibliographic control is so important to make sure the
published information is valid in the country like what Malaysia practiced in Perpustakaan
Negara Malaysia (PNM).

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 REFERENCES

Anderson, D. (1977). The national library and its bibliographic functions: an organizational
problem. The Role of the National Bibliographic Centre.
https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/8764/librarytrendsv25i3g_opt.
pdf

Basri, M. (2016). Library and the development of information policy in Malaysia. E-Journal
of Artificial Intelligence & Computer Science, 4.
https://www.academia.edu/32158520/LIBRARY_AND_THE_DEVELOPMENT_OF_I
NFORMATION_POLICY_IN_MALAYSIA

Hausner, E. M. & Sommerland, Y. (2019). The role and function of national bibliographies for
research. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 57(1), 1-4.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01639374.2019.1579971

International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA). (2019). Bibliographic

control. https://www.ifla.org/references/best-practice-for-national-bibliographic-
agencies-in-a-digital-age/resource-description-and-standards/bibliographic-control/

Mohamed, O. (1989). National policy for library and information services. International
Library Review, 21(1), 115-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7837(89)90036-8

Sulistyo-Basuki, L. (n.d). A rethinking of the national library’s roles in bibliographic control

in the ict age, with special reference to the region of Southeast Asia.
http://eprints.rclis.org/7033/1/Rethinking-National-Library.pdf

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APPENDICE

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