GROUP 7 - PROPERTIES

fluorine (F2) chlorine (Cl2) bromine (Br2) Iodine (I2)

appearance yellow gas green gas brown liquid grey crystalline solid

comments • very easily forms orange
vapour
• often used as a solution in
water (yellow-orange bromine
water)
• very easily forms purple vapour
• often used as a (sort of)
solution in water (brown “iodine
solution”)

Atomic radius

160
140
Atomic radius (pm)

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
fluorine chlorine bromine iodine

Electronegativity

4
3.5
3
Electronegativity

2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
fluorine chlorine bromine iodine astatine

Melting & boiling points

400

300

200
Temperature (°C)

100 melting point (°C)

0 boiling point (°C)

fluorine chlorine bromine iodine astatine
-100

-200

-300

© www.CHEMSHEETS.co.uk 03-Feb-2021 Chemsheets AS 1287

1st ionisation energy

1800
1600
Ionisation energy (kJ/mol)

1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
F Cl Br I At

Reactions of chlorine with water and NaOH(aq)

Equation Comments

Water

NaOH(aq)
(cold, dilute)

© www.CHEMSHEETS.co.uk 03-Feb-2021 Chemsheets AS 1287