Name: Ravid Cohen

ID: 209423342

Coupled Problems in Functional Materials – Homework #4

1. Prove objectivity of the Jaumann-Zaremba and Truesdell rates.

Solution:

Jaumann-Zaremba rate:

Å = Aሶ − WA − AW T

Proof:

I want to show that:

Å∗ = QÅQT

I’ll use the following identity in order to formulate this equation:

1
W = (L − LT )
2
T
1 1
𝐑𝐇𝐒 = Å∗ = Aሶ∗ − W ∗ A∗ − A∗ W ∗ T =
⏟ Aሶ − (L∗ − L∗T ) ∙ A∗ − A∗ ∙ (L∗ − L∗T ) =
identity
2 2

1 T 1 T T
QሶAQT + QAሶQT + QAQሶT − [QLQT + QሶQT − (QLQT + QሶQT ) ] QAQT − QAQT [QLQT + QሶQT − (QLQT + QሶQT ) ] =
2 2

1 1
⏟ QሶAQT + QAሶQT + QAQሶT − [QLQT + QሶQT − QLT QT − QQሶT ]QAQT − QAQT [QLQT + QሶQT − QLT QT − QQሶT ] =
=
(∗),(∗∗)
2 2

1 1
= QሶAQT + QAሶQT + QAQሶT − [QLAQT + QAሶQT − QLT AQT − QሶAQT ] − [QLAQT + QA
ሶ QT − QLT AQT − QሶAQT ] =
2 2

= QሶAQT + QAሶQT + QAQሶT − QLAQT + QLT AQT = Qሶ(Å − LA + LT A)QT = QÅ∗ QT = 𝐋𝐇𝐒

(*) Q is orthogonal ⟹ (1) det(Q) = 1 (2) Q−1 = QT

 Q−1 ∙ Q = I ⟹ QT ∙ Q = I ; QT ∙ Q−T = I ⟹ Q−1 ∙ Q−T = I

⟹ QT (Q − Q−T ) = 0 ⟹ Q = Q−T

(**) (𝐀 ∙ 𝐁)−1 = 𝐁−1 ∙ 𝐀−1

Truesdell rate:

Å = Aሶ − LA − ALT + tr(L) ∙ A

Proof:

I want to show that:

Å∗ = QÅ∗ QT

𝐑𝐇𝐒 = Å∗ = Aሶ∗ − L∗ A∗ − A∗ L∗ T + tr(L)

⏟ ∙ A∗ =
scalar a∗=0

T
= QሶAQT + QAሶQT + QAQሶT − (QLQT + QሶQT )QAQT − QAQT (QLQT + QሶQT ) + tr(L) ∙ QAQT =

= QሶAQT + QAሶQT + QAQሶT − QLAQT − QሶAQT − QAQT (QLT QT + QQሶT ) + tr(L) ∙ QAQT =

= QሶAQT + QAሶQT + QAQሶT − QLAQT − QሶAQT − QALT QT − QAQሶT + Q ∙ tr(L) ∙ AQT =

= QAሶQT − QLAQT − QALT QT + Q ∙ tr(L) ∙ AQT = Q (Aሶ − LA − ALT + tr(L) ∙ A) QT = QÅQT = 𝐋𝐇𝐒