Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 282

International Conference on Business Law and Local Wisdom in Tourism (ICBLT 2018)

Development of Local Wisdom-Based Tourism

Nabbilah Amir
Faculty of Law
University of Surabaya
Surabaya, Indonesia
nabila.amir@ubaya.ac.id

Abstract— This study aims to identify and identify strategies
for strengthening local wisdom for people around tourist sites.
Using empirical law research method and method approach case
(case approach). The several strategies that are carried out in
strengthening local wisdom include strengthening the local
regulations of the city of stone. The results of this study indicate
that the strategy undertaken to strengthen local wisdom is to
apply local regulations based on local wisdom in the city of stone.
So that the output of this research can be applied by local
government in strengthening local wisdom which affirmed in
regulation of area at stone town of east java province.
Keywords— investment; local wisdom; local regulation
I. INTRODUCTION
Indonesia is a Tourist Destination (DTW) with a list of very
many attractions from Sabang to Merauke. Since it opened
wide in 1967 investment in the tourism sector showed an
intensive development. Until the year 2017 tourism sector
made a new spearhead of government in the investment in
Indonesia. Tourism object will be closely related to the
investor, where there is an interesting area to become the object
of tourism, then the area will be ogled the investors to invest
their capital either in the form of tourism object management,
hotel establishment, restaurant establishment or other matters
related with facilities that support tourism. Investment that has
grown rapidly and managed to raise his business, will invite
interest of other investors to invest in the same area.
Batu Town as a new city that has a brand image as a tourist
destination city, as its Vision "Batu City Center of Organic
Agriculture Based on International Tourism". Implementation
can be seen through the number of tourism places in the city of
Batu. Attractions in the city of Batu is a tourist attraction that is
naturally formed and artificial tourist attraction in the city of
stone, among others, Apus Kusuma Apples Tour, East Java
Park 1, 2 & 3, Batu Night Spectacular, Select a recretional Park
and others. Establishment of Batu City as a tourism destination
city will facilitate the investors in terms of investing capital
which resulted in the development of tourism in the city of
Batu is growing rapidly and make the city of Batu as a city that
has the Object Attraction (ODTW), thus opening the wide
promotion of tourism in Stone Town to the whole world.
The development of tourism objects in Batu Town today
has slowly eroded local wisdom to the community where
before the development of tourism object of the local
community more have jobs as farmers and have strong local
wisdom on agriculture world, such as Earth Alms, Kosokan
and Rempes. These activities are characteristic of Batu Stone
people to be grateful for the blessings of God at the time of
harvest and post-harvest. However, the habit of gambokan and
rempes gradually faded away because the community is more
interested in the profession as a workforce or as a micro
business actor in the field of tourism. Not to mention,
traditional farming activities are slowly being replaced by more
modern activities in the agricultural world.

The tourism sector has a very important role for the main
government in the sector of income increase both region and
country, with the hope that the tourism sector can become a
pillar of the economy in Indonesia as the target Ministry of
Tourism is described in the Minister of Tourism Regulation no.
29 of 2015 on the Strategic Plan Kemeterian Tourism Year
2015-2019. One of the government's efforts in increasing the
number of foreign tourists is also done with the establishment
of Visit Indonesia Tourism Office (VITO) in several countries.
Given the tourism sector has an important role in local revenue
can be seen through the economic equity in the community that
does not occur inequality between one areas with other regions.
One example of a highly developed tourism sector in
Indonesia, namely Batu City East Java Province, where Batu
has a tourist attraction that is very much and become a tourist
destination of local and foreign tourists. Since becoming an
independent city, Batu City is increasingly showing
improvement of its economy through the tourism sector.
As previous research written by Agus Sudaryanto which
gives an affirmation of the strengthening of the value of local
wisdom in the Management of Waterfall Sri Gethuk that has
been proved using the foundation of the value of locality in
making policies or rules. In this Sri Gethuk tour the managers
and citizens involved in the service of tourists in this region are
limited only citizens who live in Bleberan Village [1]. And
other specific studies discussing regional government policies
in capital investments by Subadi and Tiara Oliviarizky
Toersina that provide Discretion for accelerated investment in
the region, are integral to the development or empowerment
and potential utilization in the region. The authority to
administer investment or investment for its scope within a
regency / municipality becomes the affairs of the regency /
municipal government, while the implementation of investment
with the scope of inter-regency / municipality becomes the
affairs of the provincial government [2].

Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. 175

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 282
II. METHOD
Based on the predecessor's research, the writer wants to
give the differentiation category in the research of Tourism
Development based on the local wisdom with the case study in
Batu City East Java Province is on the object of study which
come from Batu Town which is a very developed tourism area
in the field of tourism in East Java Province. The development
of tourism is not supported by the strengthening of local
wisdom in the local community. The local government
prioritizes the improvement of the regional economy through
the development of artificial tourism objects compared with the
strengthening of local people's wisdom so that in a fairly short
period of time after the determination of Batu Town as an
administrative city to change the mindset of people who
originally work as farmers into private labor on tourism objects
or traders local on the tourism object.
III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
A. The Role of Regional Regulations in the Tourism Sector
"Where there is sugar, there is an ant" This phrase is
equated with where there is tourism object where investors
flock to come to make investment in the tourism area. The
tourism sector is one of the goals of investors to invest,
considering the modern era of world society is no longer shy to
travel tourism even though it must travel a considerable
distance and spend a lot of money.
Investment both Domestic Investment (PMDN) and
Foreign Investment (PMA), has a strong role to the economic
climate in a region one of them in Kota Batu in East Java
Province. Investment plays an important role in increasing
local revenue, contributing to the introduction of technology,
skills, management and opening up new jobs for local
communities. The opening of new job opportunities gives
people the opportunity to work in the business field invested by
investors such as hotels, restaurants etc. People can also
innovate open their own business field such as selling typical
products of the region consisting of souvenirs or snacks typical
of the area of tourism objects of quality and has a charm that
becomes a tourist destination. In addition, investment in the
tourism sector can also be a step development of tourism object
promotion in terms of information and infrastructure.
According to Phil Janianto Damanik, there are several
common threads of tourism development that are oriented
towards the welfare of the community. First, the
implementation of the strategy of expanding the business
opportunity for the poor around the tourism area. Both expand
employment opportunities for local residents. Third, the
prevention of environmental quality degradation that has direct
and more vulnerable impact on the community. Fourth, the
emphasis is on minimizing the socio-cultural impact of
tourism. Fifthly, the assistance of local communities for the
development of core business and tourism supporters. Sixth,
promotion of local organizations established for the benefit of
tourism [3].
The growth of tourism sector in Batu City through its actual
investment can be enjoyed by all the people around the tourism
object and it should be able to grow continuously so as to make
people prosperous. Through investment, the government of
Batu City strives for the tourism objects of Batu City can be
managed optimally so that the potential to introduce Batu City
to the world. However, in this case the government tends to
open a new tourism object in the form of artificial tourism, one
of the development of tourism object in Kota Batu which is a
pilot is Jatim Park 1. In the object of tourism Jatim Park 1, the
tourists can find modern play rides with various facilities there
is. The management of East Java Park 1 also provides a place
for singing and hunting souvenirs typical of East Java Park 1.
This facility is managed in conjunction with the surrounding
community, the community who runs the hunting souvenirs
typical of East Java Park 1 even given management training in
entrepreneurship. Observing the management of Jatim Park 1,
it can be seen that the role of investors in the implementation of
tourism in East Java Park 1 can be said to successfully develop
the community around the tourism object that has been running
in recent years.
The problems later arising from the rise of investment in
the artificial tourism sector such as East Java Park 1 shifted
local local interest to the work that was involved, the people of
Batu City mostly work as farmers today shifted to the
profession of traders and private employees of tourism objects
that impact on the scour local wisdom of local people who
were initially very strongly associated with agriculture.
B. The Relation of Tourism Organizer with Regional
Regulation
Investment of a region will certainly be closely linked with
the local government, especially in the tourism sector, every
investor in the tourism sector as a tourism organizer is obliged
to comply with all laws and regulations applicable in
Indonesia, in general the law no. 25 of 2007 concerning Capital
Investment which provides investment procedures, rights and
obligations for every Investment in Indonesia etc. [4]. In
particular, investment in Indonesia is regulated in a Regional
Regulation (Perda) on each of the areas that are the investment
objectives.
Harmonious coordination among various institutions
related to the effectiveness of the legal system, will work well
if there is clarity of the main tasks and functions and authority
of each institution, so that there is no duplication and even
conflict. This is because the coordination function is related to
the clarity of the integrated service pattern as well as the
division of labor and authority between the central and regional
governments. Therefore, it is necessary to have a coordination
mechanism that is understood and binding for related
institutions, for example concerning the issue of investment
promotion, licensing, investment facility and others [5].
Batu Town is known as one of the leading tourist city in
Indonesia because of its extraordinary natural beauty potential.
The Dutch admiration for the beauty and natural beauty of Batu
makes the Stone City area aligned with a country in Europe
that is Swiss and dubbed as De Kleine Zwitserland or Small
Switzerland on the Island of Java Together with the City of
Malang and Malang Regency, Batu Town is part of a known
territorial unity with Malang Raya (Metropolitan Region of
Malang).
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As a fertile mountainous area, Batu and its surroundings
also have a beautiful natural scenery and cool air, of course this
will attract other people to visit and enjoy Batu as a mountain
region that has its own charm. For this reason at the beginning
of the 19th century Stone developed into a tourist destination,
especially the Dutch people, so that the Dutch people helped
build the resorts (villas) and even settled in Batu.
(Www.kotabatu.go.id)
The beauty of Stone Town to realize the government to be
able to exploit the potential of Batu City in terms of tourism.
Tourism development in Batu City is a plan that has been made
since Batu became City Government since 2001. Tourism
policies in the future can adopt previous policies and provide
new innovations aimed at building tourism in Batu Town.
Latest, the government pours in the Vision of the City of Batu
that is "City of Center-based Sentra Organic Agriculture
International Tourism" [6].
Tourism-related arrangements as a basis for strengthening
the vision of Batu City can be seen in Local Regulation No. 4
of 2004 on the Function of Batu City and Regional Regulation
of Batu City [7]. 1 of 2013 on the Implementation of Tourism
[8]. Furthermore, the Regional Regulation which also sustains
the Vision of Batu City which has International Tourism base
is also regulated in Article 6 of Batu City Regional Regulation
No. 7 Year 2011 on Spatial Plan of Batu City Area Year 2010-
2030 [9].
The policy on tourism in Batu Town is regulated in Batu
City Regulation with the consideration that there is no
overlapping of central and regional government regulations. As
in Batu City Regulation No. 4 of 2004 on the function of the
City of Stone that is as the City of Agriculture and Tourism
City [7]. As an Agricultural City (agropolitan), its development
is directed to integrated agricultural development activities
where physical, socio-cultural and economic conditions tend to
be strong and lead to agricultural activities. As a tourism city of
Batu City tourism development which includes the
development of attractions and attractions, the development of
tourism services business, the development of tourist service
center, the development of tourist information center.
Observing the development of Batu City tourism is
significantly uphill, the government of Batu City issued a
related arrangement of tourism in Kota Batu regulated in the
Regional Regulation No. 1 of 2013 on the Implementation of
Tourism in Batu City [8]. The supporting facilities in detail are
set forth in Article 6, explaining that "tourism business consists
of tourism attraction business, tourism area, tourism
transportation service business, travel service business, food
and beverage business, accommodation provider business,
entertainment and recreation, meeting business ventures,
incentive trips, conferences and exhibitions, travel information
services business, tourism consultant services and tour
business. Capital investment in tourism support business is also
experiencing a very rapid growth so that tourists increasingly
glance at Batu Town as a Tourist Destination (DTW).
Furthermore, Batu City Government also provides
reinforcement to Batu City Regulation No. 1 of 2013 with the
existence of perda that has been issued previously namely
Regulation No. 7 of 2011 on Spatial Planning (RTRW Kota
Batu). With the Spatial Plan of Batu City Region which is
devoted to tourism and agriculture that regulate the city order
in the placement of natural tourism location, artificial tourism
and agriculture.
C. Relationship of Local Regulations with Local Wisdom
Local wisdom is described as habits, values, norms, rules
that are adhered to in social life in a region or in a certain place
that has been going on for generations and become a habit in
the life of society. This can be reviewed based on three aspects
of the domain of local wisdom, namely, the first relationship
between man and man, the two human relationships with
nature, the three human relationships with the creator.
Uniquely, local wisdom that exist in the midst of society,
especially in Indonesia will be different from one area to
another. This is because the development of local wisdom has
been going on for a long time and became the ancestral
heritage of each region.
Etymologically, local wisdom consists of two words:
wisdom (local) and local (wisdom). At KBBI, local meaning
local, as well as wisdom is the same as wisdom. Thus, if
viewed etymologically, local wisdom can be interpreted as
local ideas (wise), wisdom, good value, embedded and
followed by members of the community [10].
The term local wisdom was first introduced by HG.
Quaritch Wales which mentions local wisdom as "local genius"
which means a number of cultural traits shared by a society as
a result of its past experience. Yunus interpreted local wisdom
as a culture owned by certain people and in certain places that
are considered mamp to survive the flow of globalization,
because the local wisdom contains values that can be used as a
means of building the character of the nation [10].
Local Wisdom in an area will always be closely related to
the local community culture downhill which is done by people
who believe it so that makes it a habit in everyday life. Local
wisdom is a fusion of the sacred values of God's word and
various values. Local keripan formed as a cultural superiority
of local communities and geographical conditions in a broad
sense [11]. Local wisdom begins with ideas or ideas, which are
then applied in the stages of practice, and the creation of
cultural forms. The factors include several things namely
language, belief / religion / belief, education, economy and art.
The general view of local wisdom within a region is a long-
standing view of life that has been run by local communities
and is a fulfillment of problem solving within the community.
Local wisdom that became the attraction of tourism becomes
an important thing to be developed so that the values of
ancestors that are embedded and become a culture in a region
remain intact implemented as should have been run by
indigenous people. The customary community alliance is
volksgemeen-scappen, which has its own social system and has
a strong relationship with the land, the management of its
natural resources, and has the discretion to retain local values
or local wisdom [12].
In the context of community development that has
implications for the tourism sector, it provides a paradigm of
thinking in the development of a culture consisting of four
components:
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 Preserving and Appreciating Local Culture. Tradition of
local culture is an important part in instilling a sense of
community, and provide identity to the community.
Communities need to identify what the unique
components of their cultural heritage are, and determine
which components to sustain. All of that requires
structured planning, as well as achieving it. For
example, building local industries based on local
culture.
 Preserving and Respecting Indigenous Cultures.
Preserving and appreciating the culture of indigenous
peoples is a central issue for community development.
Indigenous or indigenous peoples whose members
dominate and therefore the community is identified, as
well as cases of indigenous people who belong to a
society and people of different cultural backgrounds.
 Multiculturalism. In general, multiculturalism refers to
different ethnic groups living in a community but
retaining different cultural identities. The issue of
multicultural and political policy is very complex, but
the diversity of cultural backgrounds is a reality for
many societies. Therefore, multiculturalism is an
important aspect of community cultural development
[13].
Focus on the local wisdom that began eroded its existence
in the city of Batu, impact on the values of the local
community, Previously, before the City of Batu filled with
artificial tourism as today, people who work as farmers have a
habit ahead of Idul Fitri holiday that is carrying out ritual
kosokan where people fulfill the public baths for cleaning the
lobes (mud attached) on their feet and hands using leaf lamtoro,
so that the return is clean and sacred before Idul Fitri holidays
conducted on one of the natural public baths in Batu Town
known as Blumbangan Macari. As time passes, rock city
communities are more likely to leave agriculture and switch
professions to the world of trade and private employers of
tourism these habitual habits no longer become a habit of local
communities. Not only that, apple farming that was forced to
industrialization of artificial tourism in Kota Batu also resulted
in the erosion of the culture of rampes, which is to examine the
post-harvest apple leaves that are done together from one field
to another with different owners. Lately, this activity has been
replaced by spraying pesticides pesticide apple leaves so that
the leaves will dry and will fall off by itself. Observing the
scouring of local wisdom in society due to the increase of
artificial tourism sector, the strengthening of the elements of
local wisdom in local regulations where the government
provides strengthening local people's understanding of the
importance of existing local wisdom as a manifestation of the
customs of rock town society. In addition, the government
should also strengthen local wisdom in the city of stone
through investment regulations that must be implemented by
investors amid the modernization flow in Batu City.
One form of arrangement that every investment process in
Indonesia requires investors to carry out corporate social
responsibility, respecting the traditions and culture of the
communities surrounding the location of investment business
activities and complying with all the provisions of legislation
as regulated in Article 15 letter d Law No. 25 Year 2007 about
the investment that gives an explanation that is "Respect the
cultural traditions of the community around the location of
investment business activities" [4].
In general, the obligations for every investor in Indonesia,
both for domestic investors and for foreign investors.
Furthermore, arrangements related to investment in tourism
sector are also regulated in Local Regulation no. 1 of 2013
Article 5 letters a and b, Article 66 letter a and Article 76
which repeatedly affirm that all investors must respect and
uphold local wisdom in Batu City [8]. The local forms of
wisdom in the city of Batu namely Kosokan, Rempes, Alms
Earth and Clean activities of the Village which has become a
habit of the people of Batu Town from generation to
generation. Then, other Batu City culture that fulfill the
elements of art, such as warokan, jaran braid, bantengan, dance
sembromo, dance ledrek, ketroprak, ludruk, wayangan, art of
hadra, flying jidor dll. When reviewing Regulation No. 1 Year
2013 local wisdom of Batu City must be highlighted on the
efforts of investment, especially tourism in the city of Batu.
The strengthening of local wisdom that is emphasized in
the Local Regulation will have a close relationship. As
explained in the previous explanation, that investors are
required to comply with the prevailing laws and regulations in
Indonesia and in the City where the investment will take place.
The subordination of investors to legislation should be able to
implement everything that is done for the development of its
business must uphold the existing local wisdom. As in Kota
Batu which has local wisdom, it should be in the business
activities in tuck the elements of local wisdom. For example, in
Kota Batu at the ceremony of alms, reviving traditions and / or
traditions rempes the role of investors can be seen through the
exploration of these activities on his business and can be made
a form of promotion to people outside Batu Town without
reducing the values of local wisdom, so that people not only
see the city of Batu not just lift the tourist attraction but also
still hold the local wisdom.
IV. CONCLUSION
Based on the above description it can be concluded that, the
role of local regulations in the development of local wisdom-
based tourism is very strong. Where local governments as
giver, executor and policy controllers should be able to inhibit
the shift of local wisdom community that characterizes the city
of Batu. In fact, local governments in this case become
unifying and upholding local wisdom in the development of
tourism as the identity of the city of stone amid growing
investment in the tourism sector through specific regional
regulations regulating the existence, strengthening and
preservation of local wisdom stone city. Furthermore, in the
development of tourism sector investors are required to be able
to preserve and strengthen the element of local wisdom in the
field of business that run, it is as mandated in the Perda Batu
City. 1 of 2013 Article 5 letters a and b, Article 66 letter a and
Article 76 which repeatedly affirm that all investors must
respect and uphold local wisdom in Batu City so that this
regulation is not abstract [8].
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT [4] Undang-undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanaman Modal.

[5] A. Rokhmatussa’dyah and Suratman, Hukum Investasi dan Pasar Modal,
The author would like to thank all the parties who have Jakarta, Sinar Grafika, 2011.
helped and contributed in the writing of this article, both those [6] Pemerintah Kota Baru, Visi dan Misi,
who contribute in the form of funding and critical ideas. http://website.batukota.go.id/statis-2-visi-dan-misi 2010.
Hopefully this paper can be useful theoretically and practically [7] Peraturan Daerah Nomor 4 tahun Tahun 2004 tentang Fungsi Kota Batu
for the addition and development of knowledge, especially in yakni Kota Pertanian dan Pariwisata.
the field of legal science. [8] Peraturan Daerah Kota Batu Nomor 1 Tahun 2013 tentang
Penyelenggaraan Kepariwisataan.
[9] Peraturan Daerah Kota Batu Nomor 7 Tahun 2011 tentang Rencana Tata
Ruang Wilayah.Kota Batu Tahun 2010-2030.
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