Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hiệu đính:
Tron Bo SGK: https://bookgiaokhoa.com
M C L C:
I/ CÂU H I NG PHÁP
Ch ng 1: C u trúc câu và ki n th c v t lo i (Danh t , Tính t , Tr ng t , i
t , ng t )
Ch ng 2: Chuyên sâu h n v đ ng t (Danh đ ng t , ng t nguyên m u,
Phân t , Thì c a đ ng t , Câu b đ ng)
Ch ng 3: Ôn t p v m nh đ quan h
Ch ng 4: Ôn t p v liên t
Ch ng 5: Ôn t p v gi i t
Grammar
II/ CÂU H I T V NG
Ch ng 6: Các câu h i t v ng th ng g p
L I NÓI U
Quý h c viên thân m n,
Ví d :
The of customer’ s tastes has led to a greater demand for a number of dif-
ferent clothing styles.
(A) diverse - (B) diversely
(C) diversity - (D) diversed
The diversity of customer’ s tastes has led to a greater for a number of dif-
ferent clothing styles.
(A) technology - (B) demand
(C) elevation - (D) election
I
CÂU HỎI NGỮ PHÁP
CHƯƠNG 1
A
Ôn t p ki n th c v c u trúc câu và các t lo i trong ti ng Anh.
Ch y u là: Danh t , Tính t , Tr ng t và i t .
B
Luy n t p
Ví d :
Ví d
* The production of goods and services was disrupted by inlation. [article + noun]
* She is known for her invention. [possessive adjective + noun]
* They are carrying out an extensive survey of baby foods.
10
Ví d :
assistance assistant
agency agent
attendance attendee
supervision supervisor
photograph photographer
membership member
advice advisor
application applicant
representation representative
contribution contributor
participation participant
11
equipment: thi t b
merchandise: hàng hóa
information: thông tin
pollution: s ô nhi m
furniture: đ đ c
oney: ti n
luggage/baggage: hành lý
homework: bài t p v nhà
knowledge: ki n th c
advice: l i khuyên
stationery: v n phòng ph m
Grammar
news: tin t c
12
VD2
The outstanding from our customers helped to ensure that Ms.
Bayern would stay with the company.
VD3
The of our factory equipment is vital for the high quality of our products.
VD4
This year’s for the Athena Award for public service include a research sci-
entist, a university professor, and a local politician.
13
VD5
The for the research team are asked to wait in room 401 for their inter-
views.
- Ng t c m: “The -----for the research team// are asked to wait// in room 401//
for their interviews.” Thi u danh t tr c gi i t “for” và mang ngh a ch ng i
(are asked to wait). Ch n (A) applicants.
Grammar
VD6
The business weekly magazine suggested that shipping problems in the
upcoming holiday season, businesses should encourage customers to shop
early.
(A) avoid (B) avoided
(C) to avoid (D) avoids
VD7
Whether it is ----- to register for student discount card depends on the needs
of the individual.
14
1.2. NG T (VERBS)
VD1
Rather than the usual hosted dinner and drinks, we will be ------ tonight at
the Mandarin Garden at 2025 Shattuck Ave, near the corner of Elm Street.
VD2
Michael’s directorial debut, Big Babies, ------- the biggest box ofice num-
bers of the year, earning more than $117 million on opening
weekend alone.
(a) achieved (b) achiever
(c) achievable (d) achievement
15
Tr ng h p này, các b n c ng ph i l u ý:
16
Ví d
Ví d
Các tính t “exceptional” hay “clean and tidy” b ngh a cho danh t “Services”
và “the room”
Ví d
ng t update: có ngh a là c p nh t.
Chúng ta có: updated news: ngh a là tin t c đ c c p nh t. updated là tính t
c a danh t news.
ng t motivate ngh a là đ ng c , thúc đ y
A motivated employee: m t nhân viên nhi t huy t (có đ ng l c, đ c thúc đ y)
Ho c ng t exist: có ngh a là t n t i
Chúng ta có “the existing tax system” ngh a là h th ng thu đang t n t i
17
VD1
Grammar
A. variety B. variably
C. variation D. various
VD2
We had to spend the whole month searching for better solutions, and…….
customers were impressed by our efforts.
A. fortunate B. fortunes
C. fortune D. fortunately
VD3
The more we spent with the sales team, the more…….we were with their
innovative marketing skills.
A. impression B. impress
C. impressive D. impressed
18
VD4
The manager said that it was ……..to test emergency equipment frequently
to avoid any malfunction.
A. appropriate B. appropriateness
C. appropriately D. most appropriately
VD5
The enclosed documents summarize………changes to the existing over-
time regulations.
A. propose B. proposed
C. proposes D. proposing
VD6
Applicants must possess a master of business administration or…….expe-
rience in a related ield.
A. compare B. compared
C. comparable D. comparing
VD7
Changes in automotive technology are making hybrid cars increasingly ---
----- to more consumers.
(A) affordable (B) affording
(C) affords (D) afford
VD8
Grammar
Forelli Media Inc. is an internationally ------- marketing irm noted for its
success throughout Europe, East Asia, and the Americas.
- Thi u tính t . C m tính t ghép đ c hình thành b i “ADV + PII” (VD: well
done). Ch n A. recognized.
VD9
AmberCreek is the brand name associated with the most ------- and
eficient agricultural machinery in the province.
VD10
New owners of Century Regal’s condominiums are advised to become more
------- with the amenities and services available to residents.
20
1.4 TR NG T (ADVERBS)
21
Ví d :
M t ví d khác:
The quality of their service has remained remarkably consistent for many years
of business.
Ch c các b n còn nh “consistent” là tính t đ ng sau đ ng t n i “remain”.
Chúng ta có thêm tr ng t “remarkably” b ngh a cho tính t consistent. Ngh a
là ch t l ng d ch v c a h v n duy trì n đ nh m t cách đáng k trong nhi u
n m kinh doanh.
Và chúng ta còn có th g p c m tr ng adv + adj đ ng tr c m t N đ b ngh a
cho m t danh t .Ví d :
This is an environmentally friendly product.
ây là m t s n ph m thân thi n v i môi tr ng.
Nh v y, chúng ta có 2 ví d :
This product is environmentally friendly.
This is an environmentally friendly product.
C m tính t ghép g m ADV + ADJ có th đ ng sau to be ho c có th đ ng tr c
danh t .
22
Ví d :
4. i v i các tr ng t ch t n su t:
Chúng ta có các tr ng t nh sau:
Always: Luôn luôn
Usually/Often/Frequently: Th ng th ng
Occasionally/ Sometimes: Th nh tho ng
Hardly/Scarcely/Seldom/Rarely/Barely: Hi m khi
Never: Không bao gi
Các tr ng t này có th đ ng tr c đ ng t th ng ho c đ ng sau đ ng
t “to be”
Ví d :
Ví d :
This exercise is relatively easy.
Bài t p này thì khá là d .
Easy là tính t b ngh a cho exercise thông qua đ ng t to be
Ho c
Our marketing division worked exceptionally hard.
23
VD1
Grammar
VD2
Once Mr. Mirren ------ completes his studies and necessary training, he
may come and work for our corporation.
VD4
After -------- interviewing more than ifty candidates for the position of
manager of the Biotechnology Department, the committee chose Dr. Alan
Liu.
(A) carefully (B) to care
(C) most careful (D) careful
VD5
The unexpected operating complexity was more serious than…….antici-
pated.
A. origin B. original
C. originally D. originated
VD6
VD7
The chemistry lab managers are concerned that new employees have not
been ------- trained in the latest emergency procedures.
25
- D ng th c “be + ADV + PII”. “to be” đây đ c chia thì hi n t i hoàn thành.
Ch n C. adequately.
VD8
The journal is published every four months, and ----- available to other
member societies under agreement of payment and publication.
Grammar
1.5 IT (PRONOUNS)
Ví d :
1. i t ch ngôi (personal pronouns):
VD: I, You, We, They, He, She, It.
2. i t tân ng (Objective Pronouns)
VD: me, you, us, them, him, her, it.
3. i t ch đ nh (demonstrative pronouns):
This, that, these, those.
4. i t b t đ nh (indeinite pronouns):
Some, any, each, one, somebody, everything…
5. i t s h u (prossessive pronouns):
Mine, yours…
6. i t ph n thân (relexive pronous):
Myself, yourself, themselves…
Ví d khác:
Ví d : My mother is Lan. She is very kind to me. I love her very much.
M tôi tên là Lan. Bà y r t t t v i tôi. Tôi yêu bà y r t nhi u.
T she đ c g i là đ i t nhân x ng, đóng vai trò làm ch ng còn “her” là đ i
t làm tân ng đ ng sau đ ng t “love”. C hai t này đ u thay th t ng ng
v i danh t “my mother” phía tr c”.
3. i t ch đ nh (demonstrative pronouns):
Chúng ta có 4 t : this, that, these và those ngh a là cái này, cái kia, nh ng cái
này, nh ng cái kia.
27
4. i t b t đ nh (Indeinite Pronouns)
28
- Chúng ta ti p t c tìm hi u 2 đ i t :
VD: He has a few friends who come to visit him at the weekend.
Anh y có vài ng i b n, nh ng ng i t i th m anh y vào cu i tu n.
He has a little money to save in the bank.
Anh y có m t ít ti n đ ti t ki m trong ngân hàng.
29
5. i t s h u. (Possessive Pronouns)
Các tính t s h u đòi h i ph i có danh t theo sau. VD: my book, his car, her
computer…
Grammar
My mine: c a tôi
Your yours: c ab n
We our: c a chúng tôi
They theirs: c ah
He his: c a anh y
She hers: c a cô y
It its: c a nó
M t tr ng h p khác:
A friend of mine has just called.
M t ng i b n c a tôi v a m i g i đi n.
Chúng ta ph i dùng đ i t s h u “mine” sau gi i t “of” ch không th dùng
tính t s h u “my” hay “me”
30
Ôn t p l i theo b ng:
31
VD1
VD2
Even with our detailed website, many customers prefer to visit our store
locations and see the products for -----.
VD3
The Blackwell KV, part of our newest series of headphones, is the most
advanced model of --------- kind.
VD4
32
VD5
VD6
After making ---- inal decision, please inform the secretary, Mrs.Chester.
VD7
VD8
This plan outlines the topics ------- plan to discuss at this afternoon’s staff
meeting.
33
(A) my (B) me
(C) I (D) mine
- Câu này thi u ch ng c a m nh đ quan h “this plan outlines the topics (that/
which) I plan to discuss. Ch n C. I
VD9
VD10
Bruce and Kate French have decided to quit their old jobs at Citadel Fi-
nancial and start a inancial consulting business of --------------
VD11
34
B
LUY N T P:
1. Câu h i: Since they are without direct supervision, ield managers are
expected to be able to ind solutions to simple problems by ____.
2. Câu h i: The hotel’s newly remodeled buffet has won mixed _____, mostly on
the disappointed side.
3. Câu h i: It has become increasingly evident that the role of universities is chang-
ing, so they should be more ______ to the needs and desires of students with disabil-
ities.
35
4. Câu h i: The construction project managers must present their ____ monthly
reports to the board by the end of the month.
5. Câu h i: I met with Elain Hopkins and Gene Avery to discuss the ____ of tasks
and our joint vision for the implementation of the project plan.
6. Câu h i:_____near both the company’s new plant and headquarters, the company’s
guesthouses are very convenient.
36
7. Câu h i: While some aspects still confuse me, I found the movie_____ and I
would recommend that anyone watch it.
8. Câu h i: Some smaller family-run restaurants that don’t accept traveler’s checks
are _____ found in many small cities throughout the country.
9. Câu h i: Because of such a large and_____ set of tax laws, we need to consult
with the tax department before proceeding with these plans.
10. Câu h i: There has been an increase in the number of websites and anonymous
letters on the Internet which have been ______ of the government’s policies.
37
11. Câu h i:_______ today, Wednesday February 28, 2006, Bill Stone is responsible
for all phases of corporate inance.
Grammar
12. Câu h i: When you see the show a couple of times, especially in a row, you
can_____ differences in acting or when things happen that are not planned.
13. Câu h i: deleted iles is not a very dificult task, as many powerful tools can be
downloaded from the Internet.
14. Câu h i: Whatever your travel needs are, _____ on us to do our best to ind what
you are looking for, and assist you in any way we can.
15. Câu h i: We wish to apologize for the error in _____ your request, and we would
like to offer you free delivery service next time you do business with Free Ride.
16. Câu h i: Although the area has certainly improved, much ____ to be developed.
17. Câu h i: Pay Attention is a company newsletter _____ throughout the world
which provides information regarding the use of our products.
18. Câu h i: The creative marketing _______ laid out by the junior team will be
implemented immediately.
Grammar
19. Câu h i: An extensive survey of baby foods has found that they have _____ lev-
els of disease-causing microbes.
20. Câu h i: Both his own _______ critic and biggest fan, Richard Nixon fulilled his
biggest dream when he returned to politics in the late 1960s.
40
21. Câu h i: The emergency drill ended quite quickly because all occupants of the
building were very _____.
22. Câu h i: Many accidents occur at this intersection because the view of oncoming
trafic is_____ obscured by the trees.
23. Câu h i: The board of directors was _____ that the cost estimates were realistic.
A. ng t / Danh t B. Tính t
C. ng t D. ng t / danh t s nhi u
D ch ngh a: H i đ ng qu n tr không ch c ch n r ng các d toán chi phí có th c t
hay không Doubtful: nghi ng , nghi ng i, không ch c ch n.
Board of directors: h i đ ng qu n tr
Cost: chi phí Estimate: d toán Realistic: th c t
24. Câu h i: Four of the ive designs that were done by Harry & Steiner were
rejected, but the client is seriously considering _________.
25. Câu h i: You cannot use the main conference room because the board meeting is
_____ underway.
26. Câu h i: Materials for the seminar will be sent to all ____ a week in advance.
42
27. Câu h i: One of the main reasons why people move to our city is the _____ edu-
cational programs offered in our public schools.
28. Câu h i: He recognized Mr. Hunter as an old business ______ from his years in
banking.
29. Câu h i: The quality of the products made by Warp Ltd. has remained ______
consistent over the last 10 years that the company has been run
30.Câu h i: The purpose of this meeting is to receive public feedback on the designs
of the ____ new public library.
31. Câu h i: As the best-quality company with numerous products certiied to high
standards, we are able to offer customers _____ of our superior product performance
Grammar
32. Câu h i: The sales team led by Martha Yonders has already met their quota, but
we still have not met ______.
33. Câu h i: Improving working conditions can improve the___ of workers more
than increasing their salary.
CHƯƠNG 2:
CHUYÊN SÂU VỀ ĐỘNG TỪ - VERBS
A
Ôn t p ki n th c liên quan đ n đ ng t . Bao g m:
Thì c a đ ng t , câu b đ ng,
Danh đ ng t và đ ng t nguyên m u, phân t .
B
Luy n t p
1- Thì c a đ ng t - Tenses
ng t có 2 d ng:
- ng t “to be”:
mang tính ch t tr ng thái : thì, là ....to be không có thì ti p di n mà ch có thì n và
Hoàn thành. Sau “to be” có th là “Danh t , tính t ho c c m tr ng ng )
- ng t th ng:
mang tính ch t hành đ ng. Sau đ ng t th ng là các tr ng t .
VD1: The manager of the public relation department will be ..... a seminar next
week.
A. Hold C. Holding
B. To hold D. Held.
Ch n đáp án C: Th ch đ ng c a thì t ng lai ti p di n.
u tiên, chúng ta c n n m đ c cách chia đ ng t 12 thì c n b n trong ti ng Anh:
139
Progressive
be V-ing am/is/are talking was/were talking will be talking
Perfect h
ave V-ed (p.p) has/have talked had talked will have
Grammar
talked
Perfect has/have been had been talking
Progressive talking will have been
Have been V-ing talking
140
VD:
I (go) to the cinema with my family.
She often (go) to the cinema with her family at weekends
B. The present perfect tense & The present perfect continuous tense
141
Thì quá kh đ n
- Di n đ t hành đ ng đã ch m d t thu c v quá kh
Eg: She traveled in Europe last year
Signal words: last year, last month, yesterday, 2 months ago…
- Di n đ t nh ng hành đ ng x y ra liên ti p nhau thu c v quá kh
Eg: He knocked her down, grabbed her purse and ran away.
Thì quá kh ti p di n
- Di n đ t 2 hành đ ng x y ra song song
While she was cooking, her husband was ixing his car.
Grammar
D. The past perfect tense & The past perfect continuous tense
Thì t ng lai đ n gi n:
- Di n đ t 1 quyêt đ nh t i th i đi m nói.
Eg: Ok, I will accept your offer
- Di n đat m t l i d đoán(Prediction)
Eg: I think it will rain soon
Signals: I think, I am afraid, I fear that, I am sure/not sure that…
142
Thì t ng lai g n:
-Di n đ t d đ nh đã lên k ho ch(plan/intentions.
Eg: I have a plan of holding a party this weekend. I am going to invite a lot of friends.
- Di n đ t s d đoán mang tính ch c ch n h n, d a vào tín hi u hi n t i.
Eg: There are a lot of grey clouds in the sky. It is going to rain soon.
G. Thì t ng lai ti p di n
VD1:
The CEO (made / will make) his inal decision on the price changes next month.
Chúng ta ch n will make vì có tr ng t next month. – tháng t i
D ch c câu là: T ng giám đ c s đ a ra quy t đ nh cu i cùng c ông y v thay đ i
giá vào tháng sau.
VD2:
Due to recent thefts, new security measures (began / will begin) yesterday.
Câu này có tr ng t là yesterday – hôm qua – chúng ta s ph i chia thì c a đ ng t
quá kh - đáp án là began
D ch c câu là:Do n n n c p v t g n đây, các bi n pháp an ninh m i đã b t đ u hôm
qua.
VD3:
Ms. Jane (joined / has joined) the Product Development Team three months ago.
Chúng ta c ng th y có c m tr ng ng three months ago là 3 tháng tr c đây. Chúng
ta ph i chia thì quá kh joined.
143
VD4:
As of next month, Dr. John (will work /will have worked) at State Hospital for
twenty years,
ây là m t câu h i thú v , tho t nhìn chúng ta th y có tr ng t next month, nhi u b n
đã v i ch n đáp án will work tuy nhiên chúng ta đ ý k có thêm tr ng for 20 years
cu i câu, ý ch , k t qu , hành đ ng s đã x y ra đ c m t kho ng th i gian trong
t ng lai, chúng ta ph i chia thì t ng lai hoàn thành m i đúng. áp án là will have
worked
D ch c câu là: n tháng sau thì ti n s John s đã làm vi c B nh vi n State đ c
20 n m.
Grammar
VD5:
By the time you get to his ofice, Chris (had left / will have left) for the airport.
V i c u trúc by the time + hi n t i ch t ng lai, v còn l i chúng ta s ph i chia
t ng lai hoàn thành. Will have left.
D ch ngh a: Christ s đã r i đi sân bay tr c khi b n t i v n phòng c a anh y.
VD6:
The company has been a leader in multimedia software ever since it (is / was)
founded.
C u trúc v i t since. Chúng ta ch n since + QK, v còn l i chia hi n t i hoàn thành.
Vì v y đáp án đúng là was.
D ch ngh a: Công ty đã tr thành đ n v d n đ u trong l nh v c ph n m m đa ph ng
ti n k t khi nó đ c thành l p.
VD7:
VD8:
We will ship your order as soon as you (send / will send) us a written conirma-
tion.
Trong các m nh đ trong ti ng Anh, s không có 2 v cùng là t ng lai mà ch có 1
v là hi n t i, 1 v là t ng lai. Phía sau liên t th i gian “as soon as” chúng ta dùng
thì hi n t i đ n gi n “send”.
144
D ch ngh a: Chúng tôi s g i đ n hàng ngay sau khi b n g i cho chúng tôi s xác nh n
b ng v n b n.
VD9:
The new computer system designed for the post ofice ..... accounts to be man-
aged over the Internet.
A. Are allowing B. Allow
C. Will allow D. Will be going to allow
- Ch ng chính là “design” nên lo i A và B vì đ ng t chia s nhi u. áp án D lo i
vì không có thì này (ch có d ng hi n t i am/is/are going to + inf ho c was/were going
to + inf). Ch n C. will allow.
VD10:
If they renew the account, that company-------handling their accounts for over
ifteen years.
A. would have been B. was
C. will be D. will have been
- Thông th ng, v đi u ki n c a m nh đ If thì hi n t i thì m nh đ chính thì
t ng lai nh ng đây m nh đ chính có c m t “for ifteen years” nên ch n t ng lai
hoàn thành ti p di n. áp án D. will have been.
VD11:
VD12:
The company thought the shipment ...... in time for the holiday shipping season.
A. Can arrive B. Is arriving
C. Will arrive D. Would arrive
- Có t “thought” nên câu ph i quá kh . Ch n D. would arrive
VD13:
áp án A. has
VD14:
All the storage rooms are scheduled to undergo renovations and ........... closed for
several days next week.
A.will be B.was
C.are D.has been
- D u hi u nh n bi t “next week” là m t m c th i gian trong t ng lai nên ch n đáp
án A. will be
146
Active Passive
Jane helps the boys. The boys are helped by Jane.
Jane helped the boys. The boys were helped by Jane.
Jane will help the boys. The boys will be helped by Jane.
Jane is helping the boys. The boys are being helped by Jane.
Jane was helping the boys. The boys were being helped by Jane.
Jane has helped the boys. The boys have been helped by Jane.
Jane had helped the boys. The boys had been helped by Jane.
Jane will have helped the boys. The boys will have been helped by Jane.
thì hoàn thành, công th c chung là “have/has + been + PII”. VD HTHT là “have
been helped”, QKHT là “had been helped”, TLHT “will have been helped”.
QK HT TL
n (Ch đ ng) played Plays will play
B đ ng was played is played will be played
Ti p di n C was playing is playing will be playing
147
L u ý:
– ch nh ng ngo i đ ng t có tân ng phía sau thì m i có c u trúc b đ ng.
Ví d :
Grammar
Ví d
VD:
• They were remained calm. (X) Câu này sai were remained ->remained chúng
ta dùng remained vì đây là m t đ ng t n i, ngh a là v n còn, h v n bình t nh.
M t ví d khác:
• The accident was happened last night. (X) (was happened-> happened) ng
t happen ngh a là x y ra, đây c ng là n i đ ng t , chúng ta không dùng b
148
appear xu t hi n
arrive đ n
disappear bi n m t
emerge phát sinh, xu t hi n
exist t nt i
expire h th n
happen x y ra
last kéo dài
remain v n còn
occur x y ra
rise t ng
take place x y ra
VD:
149
VD:
II/ i v i đ ng t khuy t thi u – Modal verbs. Khi chuy n sang b đ ng, các b n
c ng đ o tân ng lên làm ch ng c a câu b đ ng và dùng c u trúc đ ng t nh sau:
VD:
VD khác:
Ví d khác:
VD1:
VD2.
The payments on new houses should _______ within 10 days of the date of the
contract.
(A) receive (B) received (C) to receive (D) be received
Ch ng là “the payments”. ây là danh t ch v t nên chúng ta ph i ch n c u trúc b
đ ng. Nh ng kho n thanh toán v nhà m i nên đ c nh n trong vòng 10 ngày k t
ngày ký h p đ ng.
áp án đúng là D. be received.
VD3.
Tickets to the X-men movie will ____ online starting next Friday.
(A) have sold (B) be selling (C) be sold (D) have been selling
Ch ng là tickets, vé s đ c bán c ng là c u trúc câu b đ ng nên chúng ta ph i ch n
đáp án C be sold.
D ch c câu s là: Vé xem phim X-men s đ c bán online b t đ u t th 6 t i
VD4.
The CEO’s comments about social responsibility have been ___ by some work-
ers.
(A) misinterpret (B) misinterpreted (C) misinterpreting (D) to misinterpret
Câu này có gi i t by, khi n chúng ta nh đ n c u trúc b đ ng. Do đó chúng ta ch n
đáp án B misinterpreted. N u không có gi i t by, chúng ta s ph i cân nh c gi a c u
trúc câu ch đ ng và b đ ng.
D ch ngh a câu này: Nh ng nh n xét c a ông t ng giám đ c v trách nhi m xã h i đã
b hi u nh m b i m t vài công nhân.
151
VD5.
Several problems have _______ since the very beginning of the development.
(A) emerged (B) emerge (C) emerging (D) been emerged
ng t emerge mang ngh a xu t hi n là m t n i đ ng t , chúng ta không dùng c u
trúc b đ ng v i t này. Do đó đáp án đúng là đáp án A. áp án B và C ko t o nên m t
thì có ngh a. áp án D là câu b đ ng.
VD6.
In recent years, there _____ a number of books authored by autistic persons who
have recovered signiicantly, if not completely.
Grammar
VD:
Studying English is fun
H c ti ng Anh th t thú v
Collecting stamps is my hobby
S u t m tem là s thích c a tôi.
-Studying English và Collecting stamps chính là danh đ ng t làm ch ng c a câu.
VD:
My parents allow me to go out today.
B m cho phép tôi đi ch i hôm nay.
To become a doctor is my goal.
tr thành m t bác s là m c tiêu c a tôi.
“to go out” và “to become” đ c g i là đ ng t nguyên m u.
152
M t ví d khác:
The managers let me have a day off today.
Hôm nay nh ng ng i qu n lý cho tôi ngh m t ngày.
ng t “have” đây đ c g i là “bare ininitive” đ ng t nguyên m u không to.
Các đ ng t th ng g p là:
Admit th a nh n
avoid tránh
consider cân nh c
delay/ postpone trì hoãn
153
discontinue d ng vi c gì
enjoy/feel like thích
inish hoàn thành
mind ng i
quit b
suggest/recommend g i ý
VD: He suggested going out for dinner.
Anh y g i ý ra ngoài n t i.
We are considering opening a new branch
Chúng tôi đang cân nh c m m t chi nhánh m i
VD:
CHUYÊN 6:
GI I T
A
ÔN tậP kIếN tHứC về GIớI tỪ
B
LUyệN tậP
275
Gi i t th ng:
after by
on
against for
to
among from
with
between of
1. Gi i t ch n i ch n: IN, ON, AT
a) IN (trong): đ c dùng
b) ON (trên): đ c dùng
277
c) AT ( ): đ c dùng
- di n t m t v trí đ c xác đ nh trong không gian ho c s nhà.
at the door / bus stop / trafic lights / party / meeting / desk …
at 69 Tran Hung Dao Street
N u ch có Tran Hung Dao Street chúng ta s dùng ON còn n u có
s nhà at 69 thì chúng ta s dùng AT
Ex: Someone is standing at the door.- M t ai đó đang đ ng c a
- t o thành c m t ch n i ch n.
at home / school / college / university / work …
Grammar
a) IN: đ c dùng
278
b) ON: đ c dùng
- ch th trong tu n, ngày trong tháng.
on Monday, on 5th March, on this/that day
Ex: I was born on 24th April, 1988.
Tôi sinh ra vào ngày 24 tháng 4 n m 1988
- ch bu i trong ngày c th ho c m t ngày c th .
on Friday morning / Christmas Day / New Year’s Day / my birthday
Ex: See you on Friday morning.
H n g p b n vào sáng th 6
c) AT: đ c dùng
- ch th i gian, các b a n trong ngày.
at 5 a.m., at sunrise / sunset / dawn / noon / twilight / night / midnight
at breakfast / lunch / dinner / supper
Ex: I get up at 5 o’clock every morning.
Tôi d y lúc 5 gi sáng hàng ngày.
- ch m t d p l h i, m t th i kh c nào đó.
at the weekend, at Christmas / Easter
at present / the moment / the same time / this (that) time
Ex: Mr. Brown is busy at the moment.
Ông Brown hi n đang b n
- t o thành các c m gi i t .
at the end/beginning of, at the age of, at irst/last
Ex: He came to live in London at the age of 25.
279
* L U Ý:
KHÔNG dùng IN, ON, AT tr c all, every, this month/year, next, last, tomor-
row, yesterday, today.
Ex:
I hope to see you next Friday. (on next Friday)
Tôi hy v ng đ c g p b n vào th sáu t i. Chúng ta ko dùng on cùng v i next
Friday. Ch c n dùng next Friday là đ .
280
1. cause of
The cause of the ire was carelessness.
nguyên nhân gây ra
Các nguyên nhân cháy là do b t c n.
2. combination of
A combination of high interest rates and falling demands forced the compa-
ny to close.
s k t h p, s ph i h p
M t s k t h p c a lãi su t cao và nhu c u gi m bu c các công ty ph i
đóng c a.
3. demand for
The management has refused to agree to our demand for a 7% pay raise.
nhu c u
Ban qu n lý đã t ch i đ ng ý v i yêu c u c a chúng tôi t ng l ng 7%.
4. development in
People are happy with developments in medicine.
phát tri n trong
M i ng i vui s ng v i s phát tri n trong y h c.
5. effect of
One of the effects of this illness is that you lose your hair.
nh h ng c a
M t trong nh ng nh h ng c a c n b nh này làm b n b r ng tóc.
6. example of
This church is a wonderful example of medieval architecture.
ví d v
Nhà th này là m t ví d tuy t v i c a ki n trúc th i Trung c .
ngo i l
Chúng tôi th ng không làm theo cách này, nh ng đ i v i tr ng h p c a
b n thì chúng tôi s làm m t ngo i l trong quy t c.
8. idea for
What gave you the idea for the book?
ý t ng cho
i u gì đã mang l i nh ng ý t ng cho cu n sách?
9. improvement in
There has been a signiicant improvement in the company’s trading
Grammar
position.c i thi n
Hi n đã có m t s c i thi n đáng k v th th ng m i c a công ty.
10. increase in
An increase in crime was one of the most serious problems that city had.
Gia t ng
Gia t ng t i ph m là m t trong nh ng v n đ nghiêm tr ng nh t mà thành
ph đã có.
11. native of
He is a native of California.
ngu n g c
Anh y là m t ng i g c California.
12. part in
The question of cost will play an important part in our decision.
óng vai trò trong
Các câu h i v chi phí s đóng m t vai trò quan tr ng trong quy t đ nh c a
tôi.
13. price of
What is the price of this suit?
óng vai trò trong
Các câu h i v chi phí s đóng m t vai trò quan tr ng trong quy t đ nh c a
tôi.
282
14. probability of
There’s very little probability of an agreement being reached.
Kh n ng x y ra c a
Có r t ít kh n ng đ th a thu n này đ c ký k t.
16. process of
Coal was formed out of dead forests by a long, slow process of chemical
change.
quá trình
Than đá đ c hình thành t các khu r ng ch t b i m t th i gian dài, m t
quá trình ch m dãi c a s bi n đ i hóa h c
17. reliance on
I have complete reliance on his judgment.
Tín nhi m vào, tin t ng vào
Tôi hoàn toàn tin t ng vào quy t đ nh c a anh y.
18. result of
His sickness is the result of the contaminated food.
Tín nhi m vào, tin t ng vào
Tôi hoàn toàn tin t ng vào quy t đ nh c a anh y.
283
21. solution to
There are no simple solutions to the unemployment problem.
gi i pháp đ
Không có gi i pháp đ n gi n cho v n đ th t nghi p
22. source of
We’ll have to ind a new source of income.
ngu n c a
Chúng tôi s ph i tìm m t ngu n thu nh p m i
Grammar
23. a supply of
Bring a large supply of food with you.
ngu n cung c p
Mang t i m t ngu n cung c p th c ph m l n t i b n.
24. a variety of
The shirt is available in a variety of colors.
a d ng
Chi c áo có s n trong m t lo t các màu s c đa d ng
25. afraid of
I’ve always been afraid of lying.
lo s
Tôi luôn lo s v nh ng chuy n bay.
t c gi n v i ai đó
Tôi đã th c s t c gi n v i cô y.
28. attached to
The children are very attached to their grandparents.
g n bó v i vào
Các em nh r t g n bó v i ông bà c a chúng.
29. based on
He wrote a novel based on fact.
d a trên
Ông đã vi t m t cu n ti u thuy t d a trên th c t .
30. capable of
A force 10 wind is capable of blowing (= able and likely to blow) the roofs
off houses.
có kh n ng
l c c a c n gió c p 10 có kh n ng th i (= có kh n ng và có kh n ng
th i) nh ng mái nhà ra.
31. close to
She was very close to death for a while.
g n nh
Cô y đã t ng c n k v i cái ch t trong m t th i gian.
32. dependent on
It’s very easy to become dependent on sleeping pills.
ph thu c vào
R t d dàng đ tr nên ph thu c vào thu c ng .
285