FORMULAS

FINANCIAL PLANNING
1) GST = Output tax – ITC

2) If MV > FV, share is at premium

MV = FV, share is at a par
MV < FV, share is at discount

3) Buying price of 1 share = MV + brokerage

4) Selling price of 1 share = MV – brokerage

STATISTICS
Sum of all scores Σ xi
1) Mean = =
Number of scores N

Σ xi fi
2) DIRECT METHOD: Mean = X =
N

3) STEP DEVIATION METHOD: di = xi – A

xi – A di
ui = =
g g
Σ fi ui
u=
Σ fi
X = A + ug

4) ASSUMED MEAN METHOD: di = xi – A

Σ fi di
d=
Σ fi
X=A+d

N
− cf
2
5) Median = L + xh
f
 f1 − f0
6) Mode = L + xh
2f1 − f0 − f2

Value of component
7) FOR PIE DIAGRAM: Central angle = x 360°
Total value of all components

ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION
1) SEQUENCE: A sequence is a collection of numbers arranged in a definite
order to some definite rule.

2) TERMS IN A SEQUENCE: The terms in serial order of a sequence are

denoted by t1 , t 2 , t 3 , ….., t n .

3) Arithmetic Progression: In the given sequence if the difference between

two consecutive terms is constant then the sequence is called Arithmetic
Progression (A.P.).

4) nth term of an A.P. = t n = a + (n-1)d

n n
5) Sum of n terms = Sn = [2a + (n-1)d] OR Sn = [a + l]
2 2

6) PARTICULAR TERMS:
3 consecutive terms: a–d, a, a+d
4 consecutive terms: a–3d, a-d, a+d, a+3d
5 consecutive terms: a–2d, a-d, a, a+d, a+2d

PROBABILITY
1)
EXPERIMENT SAMPLE SPACE No. OF SAMPLE
i) A coin is tossed S = {H, T} n(S) = 2
ii) Two coins are S = {HH, HT, TH, TT} n(S) = 4
tossed
 iii) Three coins are S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, n(S) = 8
tossed HTT, THT, TTH, TTT}
iv) A die is thrown S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} n(S) = 6
v) A pack of 52 cards S = {1, 2, 3, …..., 51, 52} n(S) = 52

n(A)
2) PROBABILITY OF AN EVENT: P(A) =
n(S)

3) The probability of an event is from 0 to 1.

LINEAR EQUATIONS
1) LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES: An equation in two variables
with the degree of the variable 1 is called linear equations in two
variables.

2) GENERAL FORM OF A LINEAR EQUATION: ax + by + c = 0

3) CRAMER’S RULE: The equations are written as

a1 x + b1 y = c1 and a 2 x + b2 y = c 2

4) DETEMINANT:

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
2
1) STANDARD FORM: a𝑥 + by + c = 0

2) The values of the variable which satisfy the given quadratic equation are
called roots of the quadratic equation.
 −b±√b2 −4ac
3) FORMULA METHOD: x =
2a

4) Discriminant = Δ = b2 − 4ac

5) NATURE OF ROOTS: Δ > 0 Roots are real and unequal.

Δ=0 Roots are real and equal.
Δ<0 No real roots.

6) Q.E. x 2 – (α+β)x + αβ