SMART DOOR FOR SWIFTLET FARMING

STEAM PROJECT

ANGELLYN VALENCIA

BRENDY TANDIAN

CARLVIN TANOTO

KEITH MUSA MIAN PARLINGGOMAN SIBARANI

NATHANIA YOSSEL

SOULTAN DAFFA MAULANA SIREGAR

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

SCIENCE STREAM

PRIMEONE SCHOOL

MEDAN

2022

1
 APPROVAL PAGE

Title : Smart Door for Swiftlet Farming

Category : STEAM Science Project

Name : 1. Angellyn Valencia

2. Brendy Tandian

3. Carlvin Tanoto

4. Keith Musa Mian Parlinggoman Sibarani

5. Nathania Yossel

6. Soultan Daffa Maulana Siregar

Level : Senior High 3

School : PrimeOne School

May 2022, Medan, Indonesia

Approved by,

Marife G. Aquino, B.S.B. Franfie Konggidinata, S.Farm, Apt. Pratama Putra, S.Pd, M.A.
Biology Teacher Chemistry Teacher Physics Teacher

Joel Calvento Cosme, B.S.E.E. Franfie Konggidinata, S.Farm, Apt.

Science Coordinator Chemistry Coordinator

Rika Susanto, B.A.

(Hons) PIC Principal

ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, we would like to thank God for empowering us during the completion
of this STEAM project; Smart Door for Swiftlet Farming. Without His blessing, this project
would be impossible to complete.

Next, we would like to acknowledge and give our greatest thanks to our Biology teacher,
Marife G. Aquino, B.S.B., our Chemistry teacher, Franfie Konggidinata, S.Farm, Apt., and
our Physics teacher, Pratama Putra, S.Pd, M.A., Your guidance and advice have been
invaluable to us as we worked through the phases of authoring this paper. Thank you for your
insightful remarks, recommendations, encouragement, and comprehensive review of our
work. We sincerely appreciate all of your assistance along the process, and we are aware that
it has played a significant role in the completion of our project.

Finally, yet importantly, we would like to express our gratitude to our parents and friends
who have supported us along the process.

i
 ABSTRACT

The main intention of this research is to improve the security in swiftlet farms and to
increase the production of bird nests by innovating regular entrance holes. The Smart Door is
created in hopes to resolve some of the issues encountered in the swiftlet farming industry,
such as theft and predators so that there is less risk in farming swiftlets.

The objectives of the study are to identify the public’s outlook on the Smart Door and
also to see whether the Smart door is fit for use in swiftlet farms by seeing how much it alters
its surrounding temperature and humidity. Hence, the product will be deemed successful if the
Smart Door could gain a positive image in the public and can maintain its surrounding
temperature and humidity. Otherwise, the Smart Door will be deemed a failure.

We used quantitative research to collect and analyse the survey’s data. The goal of the
survey is to obtain the public’s opinion about the product. The respondents will be given some
closed-ended questions, followed by an open-ended question. The survey will be presented to
50 people, 25 men, and 25 women. An experiment will also be conducted to observe the effects
of the product on the surrounding temperature and humidity. Hence, why the research we are
conducting will implement both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.

After analysing the collected data from the survey handed out, our results could be
deemed successful as the majority of the respondents had a bright outlook on this product.
Nearly all the respondents believe that the Smart Door would reduce the risk of swiftlet
farming failure. As for the open-ended section of our survey, the respondents commented on
their optimistic responses and others had some suggestions on how to improve the product and
make it more sensible for the public. As for the experiment, the results were appropriate for the
Smart Door as it’s able to maintain its surrounding temperature and humidity. The experiment
demonstrates that our product will be able to maintain its surrounding conditions, and will not
disturb the SBH cycle’s environment.

ii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i
ABSTRACT ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iii
LIST OF TABLES v
LIST OF FIGURES vi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 2
1.3 Objectives of the Study 2
1.4 Hypothesis 2
1.5 Significance of the Study 3
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The Weaknesses of Normal Entrance Holes for Swiftlets 4
2.2 Timer Switch Based Systems 4
2.3 Vibration Sensor Alarm Systems 5
2.4 Rack and Pinion 6
2.5 Project Design 6
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 8
3.2 Research Design 8
3.3 Data and Data Source 9
3.4 Techniques of Collecting Data 9
3.5 Techniques of Data Analysis 12
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Introduction 18
4.2 The Public’s Opinion on The Smart Door 18
4.3 The Effects of The Smart Door on Its Surrounding Temperature and 23
Humidity
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusions 27
5.2 Suggestions 27

iii
REFERENCES 28
ATTACHMENTS

iv
 LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 3.4.1 Close-Ended Questionnaire 9
Table 3.4.2 Open-Ended Questionnaire 10
Table 3.4.3 Table for Experiment 12
Table 3.5.1 Sample Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis 12
Table 3.5.2 Sample Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis 14
Table 3.5.3 Sample Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis 15
Table 3.5.4 Sample of Table for Analysis of Temperature Experiment 15
Table 3.5.5 Sample of Table for Analysis of Humidity Experiment 16

Table 4.2.1 Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis 18

Table 4.2.2 Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis 19
Table 4.2.3 Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis 20

Table 4.3.1 Table of Data for Temperature Experiment Analysis 24

Table 4.3.2 Table of Data for Humidity Experiment Analysis 25

v
 LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 2.5.1 The Front View of the Product 6
Figure 2.5.2 The Front View of the Product, Neglecting Walls 6
Figure 2.5.3 The Top View of the Product, Neglecting Walls 6
Figure 2.5.4 The Zoomed View of the Track 6
Figure 2.5.5 The Left Side View of the Product, Neglecting Walls 7
Figure 2.5.6 The Right Side View of the Product, Neglecting Walls 7

Figure 3.5.1 Sample Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis 13

Figure 3.5.2 Sample Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis 14
Figure 3.5.3 Sample Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis 15
Figure 3.5.4 Sample of Line Graph for Analysis of Temperature Experiment 16
Figure 3.5.5 Sample of Line Graph for Analysis of Humidity Experiment 17

Figure 4.2.1 Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis 19

Figure 4.2.2 Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis 20
Figure 4.2.3 Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis 21
Figure 4.3.1 Temperature and Humidity after 0 hour 23 19

Figure 4.3.2 Temperature and Humidity after 0.5 hours 23

Figure 4.3.3 Temperature and Humidity after 1 hour 23
Figure 4.3.4 Temperature and Humidity after 2 hours 23
Figure 4.3.5 Temperature and Humidity after 4 hours 24
Figure 4.3.6 Temperature and Humidity after 6 hours 24
Figure 4.3.7 Temperature and Humidity after 12 hours 24
Figure 4.3.8 Temperature and Humidity after 24 hours 24
Figure 4.3.9 Line Graph for Temperature Experiment Analysis 25
Figure 4.3.10 Line Graph for Humidity Experiment Analysis 26

vi
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

According to www.nesthouse.com, Edible Bird Nest (EBN) has been consumed since the
Tang Dynasty by Chinese royalties due to its medicinal benefits. Its ability to enhance the
immune system, stimulate cell reproduction, and its anti-aging properties have made it an
item of food hunted globally by many people. Naturally, swiftlets’ nests are found in caves.
However, considering the ecological problems, such as the destroyed environment that arose
after the continuous harvest of these nests, farmers started to find an alternative way to farm
swiftlets. Audio equipment with “bird’s callings” is attached and used to attract swiftlets into
entering the building through entrance hole(s). The swiftlets will leave the building in the
morning to search for food, and return in the evening or at night to rest. Every time the
swiftlets mate, they will build a new nest, and the old and abandoned nests are what will then
be regularly harvested by the farmers.
The entrance of the Smart Door will have a similar mechanism to a sliding gate with an
additional timer. Sliding gates have been around for some time and were first invented to
increase the effectiveness of a normal gate. As reported by The American Association of
Automatic Door Manufacturers, sliding gate was first present in the 1960s. In the 1970s,
motion detectors were starting to show their appearances on sliding gates. In the 1980s,
together with the introduction of active infrared sensors which were used for safety, motion
detectors became common on most types of automatic gates, they are slightly modified from
time to time and are still used until this day. (www.constructionwitness.com)
To enhance the usage of sliding gates, the application of alarm systems is a great feature
to add-in. According to www.mijacalarm.com, anti-theft alarms have been around for more
than 150 years. Along with the development of technology, it is upgraded with different
sensors. The alarm system which will be used in the Smart Door will be composed of a
vibration sensor.
One factor which causes a decrease in the production of EBN includes the presence of
natural predators which feed on swiftlets. Once a predator enters a swiftlet farm, it is very
difficult to return the situation of the birdhouse to its normal state. Aside from attracting
swiftlets into the swiftlet houses, operators should also ensure the safety of the swiftlets from
their natural predators. According to www.researchgate.net, once an owl enters a swiftlet
house, the swiftlet house will have to be closed for at least 6 months to be cleaned up and
1
restarted. In some worse cases, swiftlet houses will be forced to be permanently closed due to
owl attacks.
Furthermore, EBN is sold at a relatively high price, at around US$1,000-US$10,000 per
kilogram (www.pjsrr.upm.edu.my), attracting a large number of people to this industry.
However, this also increases the likelihood of theft, and there have been numerous reports of
thieves breaking into swiftlet farms. One such incident occurred on April 12th, 2020 at a
swiftlet farm in Kota Tinggi, Malaysia. (www.thestar.com.my)

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The efficiency of farming bird nests has been the subject of several discussions. Some say
it is too hard and inefficient but some say it is worth it for the price it fetches. We ask ourselves
questions like these to further our search for the most exemplary prototype of our product.
a. What does the public think about the Smart Door?
b. How does the Smart door affect the surrounding temperature and humidity?

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The goals of conducting this study are as follows:
a. To determine what the public thinks about the Smart Door.
b. To observe the effects of the Smart Door on the surrounding temperature and humidity.

1.4 Hypothesis
SUCCESS:
The Smart Door is expected to have a great image in the public and is able to maintain the
conditions needed in a swiftlet farm.
FAIL:
The Smart Door doesn’t have a great image in the public and isn’t able to maintain the
conditions needed in a swiftlet farm.

2
1.5 Significance of the Study
Our goal of delving deeper into the swiftlet farming sector is to create a product that can
help improve the state of inefficiency in farming bird nests without endangering farmers. With
the presence of our product, we hope to help solve one of the problems in the swiftlet farming
industry. In addition, this study may be beneficial to the following parties:
a. Swiftlet Farm Owners
Since this product is made very specific, swiftlet farm owners are the ones assumed to
benefit from its optimal experience. With all the features provided by the Smart Door,
swiftlet farm owners are allowed to lessen their worry about the swiftlets’ safety inside the
building.
b. Other Researchers
The Smart Door can be used as an inspiration for future projects. As innovations should
occur continuously to solve the difficulties we are currently facing or will face in the future,
the features or concept of the Smart Door itself may inspire other researchers to develop
other products to answer certain problems the world is facing.

3
 CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 The Weaknesses of Normal Entrance Holes for Swiftlets

There are many types of swiftlet farms, and the design of each also depends on its
location and the capital invested. Hence, the sizes of entrance holes are also made different.
Popular sizes of entrance holes used in town areas include 3x7ft door type and Dog Kennel
3x4ft, while smaller entrance holes of sizes 3x2 or 3x3ft are usually used in Standalones
located in plantations areas. (www.swiftletfarmer.blogspot.com)
Generally, the 2 main problems people come across with entrance holes are theft and
natural predators. Referred to a research paper found on www.researchgate.net with the title
Investment in swiftlet hotels in Malaysia – Does ROI compensate investment risks, in which
the entrance of swiftlets into the swiftlet farm is only a rectangular hole made around external
edges, 40% of the respondents revealed that their swiftlet hotels have experienced theft.
According to the paper, such theft cases took place due to the attractive market price of the
raw bird nests and accessories installed inside the swiftlet hotel. Theft seems to be a common
problem in this industry as it is also stated by one of the five informants who shared their
experiences with the researchers who wrote the journal with the topic The Importance of
Technical Knowledge in Sustainability of Malay Bird’s Nest Industry in Malaysia. According
to the informant, the thieves end up disrupting and damaging the habitat of the SBH cycle
and building. (www.textroad.com)
Although theft seems to be a serious threat to swiftlet farms, natural predators might be
slightly more damaging. Not only will it disrupt and damage the habitat of the SBH cycle, as
discussed in chapter one, natural predators will also feed on swiftlets, and this problem is
more difficult to handle than theft.

2.2 Timer Switch Based Systems

Taken from the International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
(www.irjet.net), a timer switch may be a sort of timer that operates an electrical switch
controlled by the timing mechanism. It may be built into the power circuits (as with a heating
system or hot-water heater timer), plugged into a wall outlet with equipment plugged into the
timer rather than directly into the facility point; or built into equipment as, for instance, a
sleep timer that turns off television after a group period.

4
 A timer switch may switch equipment on, off, or both, at a pre-set time or times, after a
pre-set interval, or cyclically. Time switches can be used for many purposes, including
switching equipment on, off, or both at times required by some process, and home security to
reduce the likelihood of burglary. (www.irjet.net)
The advantages of using timer switches include convenience, money-saving, as well as
being more environmentally friendly. The timer switch reduces the amount of electricity used
as it automatically switches off the appliances which many people do not or forget to switch
off. Saving electricity means saving costs and also reducing the loads on the devices and
resources generating the electricity. (www.irjet.net)

2.3 Vibration Sensor Alarm Systems

Adopted from the International Journal of New Computer Architectures and their
Applications on the topic A Review Advancement of Security Alarm System Using Internet
of Things, a security alarm system is an essential device in protecting organizations,
industries, or buildings and improving the quality of people’s life since is going to be an
actual means of decreasing the threat of abduction, burglary, and predators in the world today.
With the help of the security alarm system installed, it may prevent the loss of valuables and
properties which can lead to gigantic financial damage. In addition, the installation of the
security alarm system may provide the environment to be secure or homeowners with self-
confidence and relaxation of the mind that their properties or homes are secured.
(www.researchgate.net)
The vibration sensor is one of the many sensors which can be used in alarm systems.
Vibration sensors are sensors that are used for displaying, measuring, and evaluating linear
velocity, displacement, acceleration, and proximity. Vibration sensors are usually fixed on
ceilings, floors, and walls to sense mechanical vibrations produced by drilling, chopping, or
because of any physical attacks (www.researchgate.net). In addition, taken from a book with
the title Practical Electronics for Inventors Fourth Edition, the mechanism of how a vibration
sensor works is as the following: The vibration sensor uses a small weight on the end of a
flexible strip of piezoelectric material. This weight will wobble when there’s a vibration,
generating a voltage across the terminals. Due to their properties, people also use them as
alarms on vehicles to notify if there is an act of burglary.

5
2.4 Rack and Pinion
According to a research paper found on www.irjet.net, a rack and pinion by definition is a
type of linear actuator that comprises a circular gear (pinion) engaging a linear gear (rack),
which operates to translate rotational motion into linear motion.
According to www.thomasnet.com, one of the very first uses of racks and pinions was on
railways operating in mountainous terrain, of which New Hampshire’s Mt. Washington cog
railway is a prime example. In a similar vein, racks and pinions are used with paired
pneumatic cylinders to produce limited rotational motion in high-torque motion control
operations, and they are used for elevators and gates. The reason why racks and pinions are
widely used is that the rack lengths can be quite short resulting in a compact design.

2.5 Project Design

Figure 2.5.1 The Front View of the Product Figure 2.5.2 The Front View of the Product,
Neglecting Walls
taken from a book with the title Practical
Electronics for Inventors Fourth Edition,

Figure 2.5.3 The Top View of the Product, Figure 2.5.4 The Zoomed View of the Track
Neglecting Walls

6
Figure 2.5.5 The Left Side View of the Product, Figure 2.5.6 The Right Side View of the
Neglecting Walls Product, Neglecting Walls

The Smart Door is composed of three primary components: the door, the net, and the
system. The door will be placed on top of a rack, and the electric motor's pinion gear will
spin, allowing the rack and door to move horizontally. As shown in figure 2.5.4, we also
installed a net on the rear side of the track to act as a barrier, preventing larger-sized natural
predators from entering the building when the door is open. An Arduino linked to a vibration
sensor and a buzzer will be installed on both sides of the net to function as an alarm system if
thieves attempt to pry the net open or natural predators attempt to enter through the net.
Meanwhile, the overall system will consist of a power indicator light, a timer switch, a
frequency converter, contactors, terminal blocks, and an electric motor that will operate in
tandem to open and close the door at specific times of the day. Certainly, the plug should be
connected to a socket in order to turn the system on,.

7
 CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction
As the price of EBN grows, more people are becoming interested in swiftlet farming.
However, there are some problems that farmers may encounter, and the goal of this research
is therefore to provide a solution to these issues, specifically ones caused by regular entrance
holes. In further detail, this research aims to determine what the public thinks of the product,
as well as how much it alters the temperature and humidity of the surroundings, to determine
whether it is fit for use in a swiftlet farm. This chapter will be divided into specialized
sections: research design, data and data source, techniques of collecting data, and techniques
of data analysis; each of which will contribute to the completion of the project.

3.2 Research Design

This study will employ the quantitative research approach, which will include survey and
experimental research. Quantitative research, according to www.scribbr.com, is the process of
collecting and analysing numerical data. It can be used to find patterns and averages, make
predictions, test causal relationships, and generalize results to wider populations. We chose
this technique to attain a more precise outcome for the study's objectives since its numerical
values would provide more accurate data.
As said before, to achieve the objectives of this study, both survey and experiment will be
implemented. To reach the first objective, a survey, specifically an online questionnaire via
google form will be conducted to obtain the public’s opinion about this product. On the other
hand, an experiment will be carried out alongside to reach the second objective, which is to
observe the effects of the product on the surrounding temperature and humidity. Since the
survey will be collected from many individuals at a specific point in time, and the experiment
involves a repeated examination of both the temperature and humidity over a period of time,
the research we are conducting will therefore be implementing both cross-sectional and
longitudinal study.
Considering the fact that the real product is huge, we will only be making a mini version
in the meantime. The smaller prototype, however, will still be able to work as all the
components needed are used, only in lesser quantity.

8
3.3 Data and Data Source
The data achieved, both for the survey and experiment will be provided utilizing
quantitative data, as well as in sentence and phrase forms. The respondents will be given
some objective questions, followed by a commentary question. The survey will be presented
to 50 people, 25 men, and 25 women. We will also provide a video that includes an
explanation of the product. This video will be shared with the respondents before they fill out
the survey to provide a more complete picture of the product. On the other hand, the data for
the experiment will be collected after conducting the experiment. A more in-depth procedure
will be discussed in the following subchapters.

3.4 Techniques of Collecting Data

As indicated in the preceding sections, we will run a survey and an experiment to collect
the data needed for our research. The survey will be done in the form of Google Form and
will be distributed to the respondents via various platforms. The survey's complete step-by-
step procedure is listed below.
1. The market survey will be conducted through Google Form.
2. A video of the prototype explaining its functions will be shared with the respondents.
3. Following this, the link of the Google Form will be shared with the respondents via
WhatsApp, line, etc.
4. Results will be collected after the form is filled by all 50 respondents.
The questionnaire is as the following:

No. Question Yes No

1. Do you think that an automated door is
more effective than a regular entrance
hole?
2. What do you think about the alarm
system, is it necessary?
No. Question Suitable Too small Too big
3. Is the size of the entry hole suitable for
swiftlet farming, or is it too big or too
small?
No. Question Yes No
4. What do you think about the overall

9
 design of the product, is it suitable for the
farm?
No. Question Suitable Too early Too late
5. What do you think about the time when
the door is automatically shut and open, is
the time perfect or is it too early or too
late?
No. Question Yes No
6. Do you think there’s a possible
innovation to this product?
No. Question Strongly Strongly
Agree Disagree
Agree Disagree
7. With all its features, do you agree that
this product will greatly reduce the
chance of failure in swiftlet farming?
No. Question Reasonable Too Cheap Overpriced
8. Considering the features it provides, and
the price of the components used, do you
think pricing Rp4,750,000 on the Smart
Door is reasonable?
No. Question Yes No
9. Neglecting its price, would you
implement this system if you have a
swiftlet farm?
10. Would you recommend this product to
other people?
Table 3.4.1 Close-Ended Questionnaire

No. Question Answer

1. What is your overall thought on the
product? Please also send us your
suggestions, as they are crucial in helping
us improve our product.
Table 3.4.2 Open-Ended Questionnaire

10
 As for the experiment, we’ll be collecting the data on the temperature and humidity of the
room after a certain period of time of our product’s operation. The following is the procedure
for building the Smart Door:
1. Build the general framework of the Smart Door out of steel and acrylic, then place the
rack that is connected to the door into the structure's rail.
2. Insert an electric motor attached to a pinion into the structure so that the pinion and
rack can cooperate and move on the horizontal axis.
3. Next, install one (1) limit switch on both sides of the structure to detect and restrict
the passage of the door.
4. The limit switch should also be connected to a flash buzzer alarm which will light on
or sound when a thief tries to pry the door open.
5. Next, install and connect a frequency converter, timer switch, power indicator light,
plug, contactors, and terminal blocks into the structure's acrylic section. Remember to
incorporate the electric motor into the mechanism as well. (To hold the terminal
blocks in place, a mounting rail should be installed on the structure.)
6. Once everything is in place, construct a net from steel and place it on the rear side of
the track.
7. To improve the product’s appearance, paint the structure in the colour of your choice.
8. Finally, build two (2) vibration sensor-based alarms from Arduino nano, vibration
sensors, 9-volt batteries, battery holders, LED, buzzers, breadboards, and wires, and
place them on the net of the structure.

11
 The complete step-by-step procedure of the experiment is listed below.
1. Before running the Smart Door, choose a suitable space for the experiment and
measure its temperature and humidity.
2. Next, insert the plug into the socket to power on the Smart Door.
3. Wait for the duration of the experiment, which is 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours.
4. Measure and record the temperature and humidity of the room after each period of
time, as shown in Table 3.4.3.

Time (hours) Temperature of the room (°C) Humidity of the room (%)
0
0.5
1
2
4
6
12
24
Table 3.4.3 Table for Experiment

3.5 Techniques of Data Analysis

To better assess the public's thoughts on our product, we will conduct a market survey, as
outlined in the previous points. The collected data will later be grouped and displayed in a
table to show the number of individuals who picked each choice, as well as in bar graphs to
show the proportion of each response. On the other hand, the responses to the open-ended
questions will be grouped and summarized to ease a conclusion. Below are the samples of the
tables and bar graphs that we will be utilized to analyse the data obtained from the survey.

No. Question Number of respondents

Yes No
1. Do you think that an automated door is
more effective than a regular entrance
hole?
2. What do you think about the alarm
system, is it necessary?

12
 4. What do you think about the overall
design of the product, is it suitable for
the farm?
6. Do you think there’s a possible
innovation to this product?
9. Neglecting its price, would you
implement this system if you have a
swiftlet farm?
10. Would you recommend this product to
other people?
Table 3.5.1 Sample Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis

0,9

0,8

0,7

0,6

0,5

0,4

0,3

0,2

0,1

0
Question 1 Question 2 Question 4 Question 6 Question 9 Question 10

Yes No.

Figure 3.5.1 Sample Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis

13
 No. Question Number of Respondents
Suitable Too small Too big
3. Is the size of the entry hole suitable for
swiftlet farming, or is it too big or too
small?
Suitable Too early Too late
5. What do you think about the time when
the door is automatically shut and open,
is the time perfect or is it too early or
too late?
Reasonable Too Cheap Overpriced
8. Considering the features it provides, and
the price of the components used, do
you think pricing Rp4.750.000 on the
Smart Door is reasonable?
Table 3.5.2 Sample Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis

0,9

0,8

0,7

0,6

0,5

0,4

0,3

0,2

0,1

0
Question 3 Question 5 Question 8

Suitable/ Reasonable Too Small/ Too Early / Too Cheap Too Big/ Too Late/ Overpriced

Figure 3.5.2 Sample Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis

14
 No. Question Number of Respondents
Strongly Agree Disagree Strongly
Agree Disagree
7. With all its features, do you agree that
this product will greatly reduce the
chance of failure in swiftlet farming?
Table 3.5.3 Sample Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis

0,9

0,8

0,7

0,6

0,5

0,4

0,3

0,2

0,1

0
Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree

Question 7

Figure 3.5.3 Sample Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis

Since we will also be utilizing experiments to fulfil one of our objectives, we are going to
be following the procedure stated in 3.4, and collect the data in the form of tables, as well as
in line graphs to show how much the temperature and humidity vary over time. Results would
later be summarized to ease a conclusion. The templates of the table and line graphs are
presented below.

Time (hours) Temperature of the room (°C)

0
0.5
1
2

15
 4
6
12
24
Table 3.5.4 Sample of Table for Analysis of Temperature Experiment

1,2

0,8

0,6

0,4

0,2

0
0 hours 0.5 hours 1 hour 2 hours 4 hours 6 hours 12 hours 24 hours

Temperature (°C)

Figure 3.5.4 Sample of Line Graph for Analysis of Temperature Experiment

Time (hours) Humidity of the room (%)

0
0.5
1
2
4
6
12
24
Table 3.5.5 Sample of Table for Analysis of Humidity Experiment

16
 1,2

0,8

0,6

0,4

0,2

0
0 hours 0.5 hours 1 hour 2 hours 4 hours 6 hours 12 hours 24 hours

Relative Humidity %

Figure 3.5.5 Sample of Line Graph for Analysis of Humidity Experiment

17
 CHAPTER IV
RESEARCH RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Introduction
To achieve the goals of studying what the general public thinks of the product and how
much it alters the temperature and humidity of the surroundings, we conducted a survey
about the case and demonstrated an experiment. After the survey is fully responded to, the
data received is then evaluated to respond to one of the concerns, which is the public's
opinions on the Smart Door. We distributed the survey to 50 individuals evenly using Google
Forms, 25 men and 25 women of a variety of ages, to gain a broader viewpoint on the
public's opinion. As for the experiment, we conducted it in a confined room with no air
conditioners or humidifiers switched on to assure that the experiment is unbiased.
Additionally, lights were only switched on when pictures are taken and are shut off afterward.

4.2 The Public’s Opinions on The Smart Door

The data presented below is acquired and summarized after all 50 respondents, aged 15-
64, completed the survey designed to determine the public's opinion on the Smart Door.

No. Number of respondents

Question
Yes No
1. Do you think that an automated door is
more effective than a regular entrance
47 3
hole?
2. What do you think about the alarm system,
44 6
is it necessary?
4. What do you think about the overall design
50 0
of the product, is it suitable for the farm?
6. Do you think there’s a possible innovation
45 5
to this product?
9. Neglecting its price, would you implement
46 4
this system if you have a swiftlet farm?
10. Would you recommend this product to
47 3
other people?
Table 4.2.1 Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis

18
 60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Question 1 Question 2 Question 4 Question 6 Question 9 Question 10

Yes No.

Figure 4.2.1 Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis

No. Question Number of Respondents

Suitable Too small Too big
3. Is the size of the entry hole suitable for
swiftlet farming, or is it too big or too 45 2 3
small?
Suitable Too early Too late
5. What do you think about the time when
the door is automatically shut and open, 46 2 2
is the time perfect or is it too early or
too late?
Reasonable Too Cheap Overpriced
8. Considering the features it provides, and
the price of the components used, do 30 2 18
you think pricing Rp4.750.000 on the
Smart Door is reasonable?
Table 4.2.2 Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis

19
 50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
Question 3 Question 5 Question 8

Suitable/ Reasonable Too Small/ Too Early / Too Cheap Too Big/ Too Late/ Overpriced

Figure 4.2.2 Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis

No. Question Number of Respondents

Strongly Agree Disagree Strongly
Agree Disagree
7. With all its features, do you agree that
this product will greatly reduce the 14 35 1 0
chance of failure in swiftlet farming?
Table 4.2.3 Table of Data for Close-Ended Question Analysis

20
 40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree

Question 7

Figure 4.2.3 Bar Chart for Close-Ended Question Analysis

Based on the readings of the tables and charts, we can deduce that the public's perspectives
on the following aspects of the Smart Door are as follows:

1. Door Effectivity: A substantial percentage of the group (94%) believes that the Smart
Door, which utilizes an automated door, is more effective than a conventional
entrance hole.
2. Alarm System: Most of the respondents (88%) agree that an alarm system is
necessary for this system.
3. Size of the Door: 90% of the respondents concluded that the size of the entry hole is
suitable for swiftlet farms. However, 6 percent of the group deduced that it was too
big, while the other 4 percent thinks that it was too small.
4. Product Design: All of the respondents (100%) are happy with the Smart Door’s
design, and believe that it is suitable for swiftlet farms.
5. Time When the Door Is Automatically Opened and Shut: 92% of the respondents
think the timing when the door opens and shuts is suitable for the system. On the
other hand, 2% of the group thinks that it’s too early, and the other 2% think that it’s
too late.
6. Future Innovations: The collected data shows that the majority (90%) of the
respondents believe that there’s a possible innovation for this product.

21
 7. The Effectivity in Reducing Failure: According to the results of the survey, many
believe that it will have a great impact on reducing failure, as 70% of the 50
respondents agree that the product will greatly reduce the chance of failure in swiftlet
farming, while 28% of the respondents voted strongly agree.
8. Price: The pricing of the Smart Door is agreed to be suitable by 60% of the
respondents considering the features it provides. However, 36% of the group believes
that the price should be set at a lower range.
9. Implementation: It can be seen that around 92% of the respondents would implement
this system if they were to have a swiftlet farm.
10. Product Recommendation: According to the survey, 94% of the respondents would
recommend the product to other people.

As for the open-ended section of our survey, some commented that it’s innovative, has a
nice design, and is durable. Some also commented that its features make it suitable to be
placed on a swiftlet farm, and one respondent is said to be inspired by our product and is
willing to apply and recommend the product to his friends. However, many felt that it was
overpriced and was giving suggestions to lower the price range, suggesting us to find out
other possible alternatives which are low-cost. Some also made great suggestions for making
alarms through phone notifications.

22
4.3 The Effects of The Smart Door on Its Surrounding Temperature and Humidity
The data presented below is acquired and summarized after the experiment designed to
determine the Smart Door’s influence on its surrounding temperature and humidity is
conducted.

Figure 4.3.1 Temperature and Humidity Figure 4.3.2 Temperature and Humidity
after 0 hour after 0.5 hour

Figure 4.3.3 Temperature and Humidity Figure 4.3.4 Temperature and Humidity
after 1 hour after 2 hours

23
 Figure 4.3.5 Temperature and Humidity Figure 4.3.6 Temperature and Humidity
after 4 hours after 6 hours

Figure 4.3.7 Temperature and Humidity Figure 4.3.8 Temperature and Humidity
after 12 hours after 24 hours

Time (hours) Temperature of the room (°C)

0 27.9
0.5 27.8
1 27.8
2 27.9
4 27.9
6 27.9
12 27.9
24 27.8
Table 4.3.1 Table of Data for Temperature Experiment Analysis

24
 27,92

27,9

27,88

27,86

27,84

27,82

27,8

27,78

27,76

27,74
0 hours 0.5 hours 1 hour 2 hours 4 hours 6 hours 12 hours 24 hours

Temperature (°C)

Figure 4.3.9 Line Graph for Temperature Experiment Analysis

From the table and line graph provided above, it can be seen that there are no significant
changes in the temperature of the room within 24 hours of the experiment. The temperature
was able to be maintained at 27.8-27.9°C, which is only a 0.1°C of difference from when the
Smart Door was operated. According to an E-journal entitled A Study on Suitable Habitat for
Swiftlet Farming, the accepted internal temperature of swiftlet farms is 26-35°C, with a 9°C
range. Therefore, in terms of temperature, the Smart Door can still be accepted for usage in
swiftlet farms as it is able to maintain a temperature range of 0.1°C.

Time (hours) Humidity of the room (%)

0 73
0.5 75
1 76
2 74
4 74
6 74
12 73
24 72
Table 4.3.2 Table of Data for Humidity Experiment

25
 77

76

75

74

73

72

71

70
0 hours 0.5 hours 1 hour 2 hours 4 hours 6 hours 12 hours 24 hours

Relative Humidity %

Figure 4.3.10 Line Graph for Humidity Experiment Analysis

In terms of humidity, the surroundings began with a relative humidity of 73%, rose to its
peak after one hour to 76%, was able to sustain a relative humidity of 74% for hours, and
eventually dropped to its lowest after 24 hours at 72%. According to the same E-journal used
to determine the accepted internal temperature, the recommended relative humidity in a
swiftlet farm is 80-90%, with a range of 10%. Because we were unable to perform the
experiment in an actual swiftlet farm, the experiment could only be carried out in a confined
room with a humidity of 73 percent before any experiments were conducted. Keeping this in
mind, the relative humidity range of our Smart Door is 4% (76%-72%), which is still
acceptable on a swiftlet farm.

26
 CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

5.1 Conclusions
Based on the discussions made above, and after having a more in-depth analysis of the
survey and experiment results, we came to the following conclusions to address our concerns:

1. Thankfully, the Smart Door has received great responses from the public. Nearly all
the respondents believe that the Smart Door would reduce the risk of swiftlet farming
failure, and many are also keen to recommend it to others. Out of the many aspects
studied, pricing is where people seem to stumble a little. Other than that, the Smart
Door appears to create a positive impression on those who have knowledge of it.
2. The Smart Door lives up to its expectations of being able to maintain its surrounding
temperature and humidity. Through the demonstration of the experiment, the
temperature and humidity variations are relatively minor, with a temperature range of
0.1°C and a relative humidity range of 4%. These results demonstrate that our product
will be able to maintain its surrounding conditions, and will not disturb the SBH
cycle’s environment, specifically in terms of temperature and humidity.

5.2 Suggestions
After analysing the data obtained through the research, survey, and experiment conducted,
the following advice is presented to other researchers out there who are interested to enhance
the product:

1. It would be best if future researchers could provide the product with materials that are
less costly to attract more customers.
2. Additionally, it is advised to add other features that can go with the system, that will
be beneficial in a swiftlet farm.
3. Finally, it is also suggested for future researchers to make new innovations
surrounding the alarm to maximize its utility.

27
 REFERENCES

Alias, A., Poh, A. Y., Zahirah, N. M.A, & Azizi, M. M.D. Investment in Swiftlet Hotels in
Malaysia – Does ROI Compensate Investment Risks? African Journal of Business
Management. Vol. 7, No. 38, 2013: 3936-3943.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260111588_African_Journal_of_Business_M
anagement_Investment_in_swiftlet_hotels_in_Malaysia_-
_Does_ROI_compensate_investment_risks

Barry, J. 2020. Break-in at Swiftlet Farm in Kota Tinggi Ends in Death of Suspect.
https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/04/13/break-in-at-swiftlet-farm-in-kota-
tinggi-ends-in-death-of-suspect (Accessed on September 21, 2021)

Cavas, M., & Ahmad, M. B. A Review Advancement of Security Alarm System Using
Internet of Things (IoT). International Journal of New Computer Architectures and
their Applications (IJNCAA). Vol. 9, No. 2, 2019: 38-49.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337544365_A_REVIEW_ADVANCEMENT
_OF_SECURITY_ALARM_SYSTEM_USING_INTERNET_OF_THINGS_IoT

Et al. Nutritional Properties of Edible Bird Nest. Journal of Asian Scientific Research. Vol.3,
No. 6, 2013: 600-607.
http://103.86.130.60/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/27198/Nutritional%20properti
es%20of%20edible%20bird%20nest.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Goyal, A., Patodia, A., & Nelge, P. Design of Resistor-Capacitor Timer Switch for Home
Application. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology. Vol. 7,
No. 5, 2020: 4256-4259.
https://www.irjet.net/archives/V7/i5/IRJET-V7I5816.pdf

Ibrahim, S. H., Teo, W. C., & Baharun, A. A Study on Suitable Habitat for Swiftlet Farming.
UNIMAS E-Journal of Civil Engineering. Vol. 1, No. 1, 2009: 1-7.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9534/4d789740b012b5ddf85001c67be542e08b15.pdf

Ibrahim, W. K. W., Yaccob, M. R., & Abdullah, A. The Importance of Technical Knowledge
in Sustainability of Malay Bird’s Nest Industry in Malaysia. Journal of Applied
Environmental and Biological Sciences. Vol. 5, No. 4, 2015: 190-196.
https://www.textroad.com/pdf/JAEBS/J.%20Appl.%20Environ.%20Biol.%20Sci.,%20
5(4)190-196,%202015.pdf

James. 2013. Size of Entrance Hole of Standalone.

http://swiftletfarmer.blogspot.com/2013/04/size-of-entrance-hole-of-standalone.html
(Accessed on October 24, 2021)

Kamaruddin, R., Ismail, E., & Ahmad, S. A. Key Factors for the Sustainable Production of
Swiftlet Birds’ Nest Industry in Malaysia: A Case Study in Northern Peninsular
Malaysia. International Journal of Supply Chain Management. Vol. 8, No. 1, 2019:
724-733.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331485007_Key_Factors_for_the_Sustainabl

28
 e_Production_of_Swiftlet_Birds%27_Nest_Industry_in_Malaysia_A_Case_Study_in_
Northern_Peninsular_Malaysia

Nesthouse.com. 2018. History of Bird Nest Soup.

http://nesthouse.com.my/history-of-birds-nest-soup/ (Accessed on September 4, 2021)

Panish, M. 2012. When Did We Start Using Automatic Doors?

https://www.constructionwitness.com/Testimonials-News/Blog/2012/September/When-
did-we-start-using-Automatic-Doors-.aspx (Accessed on September 8, 2021)
Raharjo, Y. C., & Sinurat, A. P. A Study on the Edible-Nest Swiftlet Management and
Production in North Sumatera. Bulletin of Animal Science, Supplement Edition. ISSN
0126-4400, 1998: 408-414.
https://journal.ugm.ac.id/istapproceeding/article/download/32830/19823

Scherz, P., & Monk, S. 2016. Practical Electronics for Inventors (Fourth Edition). United
States of America: McGraw-Hill Education.

Vasim, I., Akshay K., & Patait, S. B. Rack and Pinion Automatic Sliding Gate. Global
Journal of Engineering Science and Researches. ISSN 2348-8034, 2016: 111-114.
http://www.gjesr.com/Issues%20PDF/TECHNOPHILIA-2016%20-
%20Jaihind%20Polytechhnic,%20Kuran,%20February,%202016/25.pdf

Yassin, A. Md., Masram, H., Shafii, H., Yahya, M. Y., Meryam, S., & Musa, S. The Impact
of Swiftlet Farming House on Local Communities. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and
Environment Management. Vol. 5, No. 18, 2020: 108-121.
http://www.jthem.com/PDF/JTHEM-2020-18-03-10.pdf

29
 ATTACHMENTS
Product Photos:

The Smart Door’s Front View The Smart Door’s Top View

The Smart Door’s Right Side View The Smart Door’s Left Side View

30
Respondent 1

31
Respondent 2

32
Respondent 3

33
Respondent 4

34
Respondent 5

35
Respondent 6

36
Respondent 7

37
Respondent 8

38
Respondent 9

39
Respondent 10

40