1
CREED REVIEW CENTER
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW THROUGH ENHANCED EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
CRIME DETECTION AND INVESTIGATION
DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL
DRUG
- Any chemically active substance rendering a specific effect on
the central nervous system of man.
- A chemical substance that affects the functions of living cells
and alters body or mind processes when taken into the body or
applied through the skin.
- Is a chemical substance that brings about physical, emotional
or behavioral change in a person taking it.
- Any chemical substance, other than food, which is intended
for used in the diagnosis, treatment, cure, mitigation or
prevention of disease or symptoms.
- The term drug derives from the 14th century French word
drogue, which means a dry substance.
TWO FORMS OF DRUGS
1. NATURAL - includes natural plant leaves, flowering tops,
resin, hashish, opium, and Marijuana.
e.g. Herbal Drugs - Are plant substances that have drug
effects and whose use is not generally regulated by the
law. These substances generally require little processing
after the plants are gathered.
2. Synthetic/Artificial - produced by clandestine
laboratories which include those drugs that are controlled
by law because they are used in the medical practice.
OTHER FORMS OF DRUGS
1. Over the counter drugs - Are commercially produced
drugs that may be purchased legally without prescription.
2. Prescription Drugs - Are commercially produced drugs
that can be legally sold or dispensed only by a physician or
on a physician’s order.
3. Unrecognized Drugs - Are commercial products that have
a psychoactive drug effects but are not usually considered
drugs. These substances are not generally regulated by law
except insofar as standards of sanitation and purity is
required
4. Illicit Drugs - These are drugs whose sale, purchase or
use is generally prohibited by law. Criminal penalties
usually apply to violators of these laws.
5. Tobacco - It is not generally considered a drug and thus be
classed as an unrecognized drug.
✓ Tobacco, however holds such a distinct position in
terms of usage patterns, economic importance and
health consequences that it merits a category to itself.
6. Alcohol - Is also seems to merit its own category, although
it too could be included in the unrecognized drugs. Alcohol
in forms, such as beer, wine, and distilled liquor is one of
the most widely used drugs in our society. It is regarded by
many experts as the most commonly abused drug in our
society.
DRUG ABUSE
✓ the use of drug contrary to its purpose
✓ Is the overuse or consumption of drugs other than for
medical reasons.
✓ Any non-medical use of drugs that cause physical,
psychological, legal, economic, or social damage to the
user or to the people affected by the user’s behavior.
✓ Using drugs without prescription.
✓ Abuse of drugs and other substances can lead to physical
and psychological dependence.
DRUG DEPENDENCE
- a state of psychic or physical dependence, or both, in
a dangerous drug, arising in a person following
administration or use of that drug on a periodic or
continuous bases
KINDS OF DRUG DEPENDENCE
1) PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE
an adaptive state caused by repeated drug use that
reveals itself by developing intense physical symptoms when
the drug is stopped; formerly called addiction
2) PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE
an attachment to drug use, which arises from a drug’s
ability to satisfy some emotional or personality need of an
individual; formerly called habituation
Classification of Drug user/Abuser
1. Situational user - those who use drugs to keep them
awake or for additional energy to perform an important
work. Such individual may or may not exhibit psychological
dependence.
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2. Spree user - school age user who take drugs for "kicks", 8. “Junkie” - an opiate addict
adventure, daring experience or a means of fun. 9. “Skin popping”- to inject a drug under the skin
3. Hardcore addicts - those whose activities revolve almost 10. “A Bag” - a pocket of drug
entirely around drug use and securing supplies. They show 11. “Cold Turkey”- the withdrawal effect that occurs after a
strong psychological dependence on the drug. repeated opiate use
4. Hippies - Those who are addicted to drugs believing that 12. “Track” - scars on the skin left from the repeated
drug is an integral part of life. injection of opiate
13. “Overdose”- death occurs because the part of the brain
WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME – addict becomes nervous and that controls breathing becomes paralyzed.
restless when he is deprived of the drug. After 12 hours he starts 14. “Speed” - amphetamines
sweating and the nose and eyes become watery. After another 15. “Speed Freaks” - amphetamine addicts
12 hours vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite and sleep occurs. 16. “Uppers”- street slang for amphetamines
Respiration, blood pressure and body temperature rise. 17. “Rush” - the beginning of a high
Stomach cramps occurs. COMPLETE RECOVERY TAKES 18. “High” - under the influence of drugs
PLACE IN 3 TO 6 MONTHS. 19. “Coke” - street slang for cocaine
20. “Flashback” - user can be thrown back into the drug
DOSAGE OF DRUGS experience months after the original use of drug.
- is the amount of drugs taken at one time. 21. “Acid” - slang term for LSD
22. “Acid Head”- LSD user
MINIMAL DOSE 23. “Drop” - taking drug orally
- Smallest amount of drug that will produce a desired 24. “Joint” - an MJ Cigar
therapeutic effect. 25. “Roach” - butt end of a joint
MAXIMAL DOSE 26. “Stoned”- the intoxicating effect of a drug
- largest amount of drug that will produce a desired 27. “Trip”- the name for the reaction that is caused by
therapeutic effect without any accompanying drugs
symptoms of toxicity 28. “Head” - drug user
TOXIC DOSE 29. “Downer”- street slang for depressant
- Amount of drug that produces untoward effects or
symptoms of poisoning. PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
ABUSIVE DOSE
- Amount needed to produce the side effects and actions 1) STIMULANTS
desired by an individual who improperly uses it. - drugs which increase alertness and physical
DRUG EXPERIMENTER disposition
One who illegally, wrongfully or improperly uses any - also called “uppers”
drugs for reason of curiosity, peer pressure or other similar - examples are: shabu, ecstacy, cocaine,
reasons.
2) DEPRESSANTS
POLYDRUG USE - drugs which decrease body functions and nerve
- abuse by taking all sort of drugs activities
- also called “downers”
TOLERANCE - examples are: barbiturates, alcohol
- the increasing of dosage of drugs to maintain the
desired effect of the drugs 3) HALLUCINOGEN
WITHDRAWAL PERIOD - also called psychedelics
- refers to the period from the point of drug - drugs that affect thinking, sensation, self-
dependence up to the point when the drug awareness and emotions
dependent is totally or gradually deprived of the - produces hallucinations and delusion
drug - examples are: LSD, marijuana, mescaline,
TREATMENT psylocybin, phenicyclidine (PCP)
- a medical service rendered to a client for the 4) NARCOTICS
effective management of his total condition related - drugs that relieve pain and often induce sleep
to drug abuse - examples are: opium (derivatives are morphine,
PHARMACOLOGY heroin, codeine)
- the science of drug preparation, uses and effects - Group of drugs that are used medically to relieve
pain, but have a high potential for abuse.

DRUG ABUSE JARGONS
1. “Opiate”- Narcotic
2. “On-the-Nod/ “Nodding” - the state produced by
opiates like being suspended on the edge of sleep.
3. “Mainline’/ “to shoot”- injecting a drug into the vein
4. “A Hit” - the street slang for injection of drugs
5. “Work” - an apparatus for injecting a drug
6. “A Fix” - one injection of opiate
7. “Juni”- heroin
- -In medicine, the term opiate describes any of
the narcotic opioid alkaloids found as natural
products in the opium poppy plant, Papaver
somniferum.
Narcotic – substance that lessens pain and/or induces stupor.
- Greek word Narkoticos “Sleep”
5. VOLATILE SOLVENTS / INHALANTS - Drugs under this
category are volatile hydrocarbons, Petroleum derivatives

A. STIMULANTS
1) natural - found in plants
2) synthetic - artificially prepared with the use of
chemicals
METHAMPHETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE more commonly
called “shabu”
- A type of amphetamine also known as “poor man’s
cocaine”. Other names are Shabu, Ubas, Siopao,
Sha and Ice.
- first synthetic stimulant developed by the
Japanese
- originally called “kakuzeizai”, from the Japanese
term “kakuzei”, which means “waking” and “zai”,
which means drug
- “shabu” = waking drug
- white, colorless crystalline substance with a bitter,
numbing taste
- can be ingested, snorted or injected (intravenous
or intramuscular)
- the following are its immediate effects:
1) produces anxiety, irritability, irrational behavior,
talkativeness and loss of self-control
2) loss of appetite and inability to sleep
3) produces violent and destructive behavior and
recklessness
4) produces chest pain, irregularity of heartbeat and
hypertension
the following are its long term effects:
a. psychosis
b. convulsion
c. death from cardiac arrest
- Shabu is a white, odorless crystal or crystalline powder with a
bitter numbing taste.
CONTENTS OF SHABU
- drug
1) Ephedrine - (Classified as Dangerous Drugs) Main
ingredient of Shabu causing brain damage
2) Toluene – Chemical used for paints, adhesives, etc.
3) Acetone – Nail cleaner
4) Lithium Batteries – Cancer causing component
5) Battery Acid – Corrosive chemical
6) Drain Cleaner – Liquid Soap
7) Hydrochloric Acid – (Muriatic Acid)
8) Chloroform – Cancer causing solvent
COCAINE
- Street names – Coke, Snow, Flake, Bow
- The name comes from "coca" and the alkaloid
suffix -ine, forming cocaine. It is a stimulant,
an appetite suppressant, and a topical
anesthetic.
- its use is called “the king’s habit” because it is
expensive
- white, crystalline alkaloid found in the leaves of the
coca bush
- erythroxylon coca is the botanical name of the
plant coca bush
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- it takes 125 pounds of dried leaves to produce
one pound of cocaine
- medically used as a tropical local anesthetic
- can be taken by ingestion, by rubbing it directly to
gums, by applying it directly to sex organs during
intercourse, by injection and by snorting
- when ingested, the “high” can last from 15 to 30
minutes
- when injected, the “high” can last from 45 to 90
minutes
- comes in different forms:
-
a) cocaine hydrochloride – the most readily available form;
fine, white, crystal-like powder that is medically known as
anesthetic
b) street or rock – largest pieces of cocaine hydrochloride
c) freebase – purified substance of rocks
d) coca paste – crude product smoked in South America;
more dangerous because it has contaminants such as
kerosene
- the following are its immediate effects:
1) dilated pupils
2) increased blood pressure, heart rate, breathing
rate, body temperature
3) euphoric effect/light feeling
4) feeling of being energetic and alert
5) loss of appetite
6) slurred speech
- the following are its long term effects:
1) psychosis
2) lung damage
3) runny nose and ulcerated mucous membrane
of the nose
4) confusion
METHYLENE DIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE (MDMA)
- commonly referred to as ecstacy, “X” and party
- a designer drug
- the following are its immediate effects:
1) euphoria
2) feeling energetic and hyperactive
3) sense of well-being
- the following are its long term effects:
1) brain damage
2) heart complications
3) death
✓ Street terms: X, Bean, Scooby Snacks
✓ Ecstasy is called “love pill” increases perception of color,
sound and sensations
✓ Other chemicals or substances are added to it such as
caffeine, amphetamines, dextromethorphan (in some
cough syrups), or cocaine.
GHB (Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate)
✓ Chemical names are sodium oxybate or Gamma-
Hydroxybutyrate

✓ Slang names include
✓ GBH, liquid ecstasy.
TOBACCO - Tobacco means the curved leaves of the tobacco
plant “nicotiana tobacu” which contains a very potent ingredient
called nicotine.
CONTENTS OF TOBACCO SMOKE
✓ NICOTINE - Important active ingredients which is a very
addictive and toxic (poisonous) substance.
✓ TAR - Substance left behind on the filter by the tobacco
smoke, known to be strong associated with cancer and
aggravates bronchial and other respiratory diseases
✓ CARBON MONOXIDE - Gaseous product of incomplete
combustion it is also known as a poisonous emission from
the exhaust of motor vehicles, which in effect decreases the
amount of oxygen in the blood
OTHER INGREDIENTS OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS
1. Ammonia – used to clean bathrooms
2. Cadmium – component of car battery
3. Carbon Monoxide – from car / factory exhaust
4. Nicotine – used as a mixture in insecticide
5. Tar – ingredients for asphalt
6. Vinyl Chloride – used for plastic manufacture
7. Cyanide – poison gas used by Hitler in his
concentration camps
8. DDT – used to kill cockroach
9. Formaldehyde (Formalin) – used for embalming
Other Ingredients:
acetic acid, methane (sewer gas), arsenic (poison),
carbon monoxide, rocket fuel, paint, toilet cleaner
(ammonia), insecticide, Industrial solvent, candle wax,
cadmium (batteries), butane (lighter fluid)
IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OF CIGARRETTES
1. Smelly breath, hair and clothes
2. Stained teeth and fingers
3. Increase heart rate, breathing rate and blood pressure
4. Reduced blood supply to extremities (hands and feet
because the blood vessel are constricted)
5. Stimulated central nervous system
6. Smoking exposes “the smokers” and others to health
risks
LONG TERM EFFECTS
1. Sickness
2. Heart Attack
3. Cancer
4. Bronchitis and Emphysema
5. Ulcers
6. Infertility
Read Tobacco Regulation Law
Republic Act No. 9211 - Known as Tobacco Regulation Act
of 2003
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Signed into law in June 23, 2003)
Prohibited Acts:
✓ Allowing minors to man stalls selling tobacco product
(s)
✓ Selling tobacco products to a minor (under 18 years of
age)
✓ For a minor to smoke cigarettes or any tobacco
products
✓ Selling of Tobacco products within 100 meters from
playgrounds, schools and all youth facilities
✓ Cigarette vending machine within the place mentioned
✓ Smoking in public places and public transportation
✓ tobacco sponsorship restricted to activities for those
"18 and above“ beginning July 1, 2006 no tobacco ad
on TV, Cable TV and radio since January I, 2007
✓ no tobacco ads outdoors and in cinemas beginning
July 1, 2007
✓ no tobacco ads in all mass media beginning July 1,
2008
✓ no tobacco sponsorship of all sports, concert, cultural,
and art events beginning July 1, 2008
B. DEPRESSANTS
ALCOHOL
- considered a drug because of its depressing effects in
the body
- King of all drugs
➢ Alcohol is a powerful drug. Alcoholic drinks contain the
drug “ethanol” (ethyl alcohol). It is a toxic and
poisonous drug. It poisons the body if taken in large
quantities simply or in combination with other drugs.
➢ Alcohol damages all the major organs of the body.
Alcohol is a depressant drug, not a stimulant as
erroneously believed. Pure alcohol is colorless and
tasteless. Alcoholic drinks vary in color and taste
because of the ingredients used to flavor them.
C. HALLUCINOGENS
MARIJUANA
The world’s oldest cultivated plant source of dangerous
drugs. It was cultivated by the INCAS of PERU. It was use by
the ASSYRIANS in 9000BC in their religious rituals and was
called SACRED TREE.
- commonly called “grass”, “ganja”, “tsongki”,
“bhang”, “damo”
- botanical name is cannabis sativa L
- has three major components:
1) tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) – purple; the
most active alkaloid; the one causing the
hallucinogenic effects
5) cannabinol – red (physiologically inactive)
6) cannabidiol – pink (physiologically inactive)
LEGAL DEFINITION OF MARIJUANA
The term marijuana as defined by law means all parts
of the plant whether growing or not, the seeds thereof, the resin
extracted from any parts of such plant, every compound,
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manufactured, salt derivative, mixture or preparation of such 10) It might protect the brain from concussions and
plant, its seeds or resin. trauma.

IDENTIFYING MARIJUANA
LYSERGIC ACID DIATHYLAMIDE (LSD)
1) leaves
✓ green, spotted or brown in color - colorless and tasteless semi-synthetic alkaloid
✓ serrated substance extracted from a fungus which grown
✓ with cystolith hairs on the underside on rye, wheat and other grains
✓ presence of effervescence when diluted with - popular in the 1960’s and 1970’s at the height of
hydrochloric acid the hippie culture
2) hulls - LSD is the most potent hallucinogen known to
✓ green, brown or brownish-spotted in color man.
✓ characteristically shaped - It is sold in tablet form (microdots), on sugar
✓ with cystolith hairs cubes, in thin squares of gelatin (window panes),
3) fruits (seeds) and, most commonly, as blotter paper (sheets of
✓ greenish-yellow to brown in color paper soaked in or impregnated with LSD).
✓ inside similar to coconut meat
✓ ovoid in shape MESCALINE
- primary ingredient of the peyote cactus, a plant
FORMS OF MARIJUANA known as lophophoria williamsii lemaire

1) marijuana joint or cigarettes – made from dried KETAMINE

leaves, tops and flowers of the plant; the most
available form - chemical name is ketamine hydrochloride
- common names include “special K” or “K”
2) hashish or hash – made from the extracted resin - originally created for use as a human anesthetic and is
of the plant; usually granular or solid chunky in still used as a general anesthetic for children, persons
form, ranging from a mustardy yellow to dark of poor health and in veterinary medicine
brown; stronger than crude marijuana and may be - usually comes as liquid in small pharmaceutical bottles
smoked or eaten and is most often cooked into a white powder for
snorting
3) hashish oil – higher form of marijuana and not - at lower doses, it causes a mild, dreamy feeling and
usually available because it is expensive; brown in numbness in the extremities is also common
color; considered as concentrated cannabis - higher doses produce hallucinogenic effect and may
cause the user to feel very far away from his body; such
IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OF MARIJUANA USE experience is referred to as entering “k” hole
- when snorted, the effect comes on within 5 to 10
1) faster heartbeat and pulse rate minutes
2) bloodshot eyes - when injected into the muscle, effect can be felt within
3) dry mouth and throat 4 minutes; it is never injected into a vein
4) altered sense of time and disorientation - if ingested, effect can be felt within 10 to 20 minutes
5) forgetfulness
6) inability for coordination and slower reflexes
ROHYPNOL
LONG TERM EFFECTS OF MARIJUANA USE
- Makes user very relaxed, confused, “spaced-out”
1) chest pain - Takes away all inhibitions, making people do things
2) irregular menstrual cycle they normally wouldn’t
3) temporary loss of fertility for both sexes - Date-Rape Drug
4) premature babies and low birth weights
5) cancer of the lungs D. NARCOTIC

MEDICAL USES OF MJ OPIUM

1) It can be used to treat Glaucoma. - derived from the plant opium poppy, botanical name is
2) It may help reverse the carcinogenic effects of papaver somniferum
tobacco and improve lung health. - papaver is Greek for poppy, somniferum is Latin for “to
3) It can help control epileptic seizures. dream or induce sleep”
4) A chemical found in marijuana stops cancer from - cultivate by the SUMMERIANS in 7000BC. Used by
spreading. the Greek physician HIPPOCRATES as medicine.
5) It may decrease anxiety. Opium use in China stemmed from India and became
6) Other types of muscle spasms widespread in the 19th century. YUNG CHEN
7) It relieves arthritis discomfort. prohibited the importation and use of opium in China
8) It keeps you skinny and helps your metabolism and resulted to the OPIUM WAR of 1840
9) Marijuana protects the brain after a stroke.
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- originally intended for medicinal purpose symptoms: "excited delirium," as experts call it, marked by
- opium poppy grows from 2 to 5 feet with flowers of violent behavior; spikes in body temperature (105 degrees
different colors and higher, Hall said); paranoia. Probably what has brought
- raw opium is obtained by making incision either flakka the most attention is that it gives users what feels like the
vertically or horizontally which allows the milky juice to strength and fury of the Incredible Hulk.
seep from the plant
- raw opium is then formed into balls or chunks and COMMON PARAPHERNALIA FOR DRUG USE
shipped to a laboratory for cooking
- raw opium is then refined into morphine 1) spoon
2) syringe
MORPHINE 3) eyedropper with rubber suction device
- is a potent opiate analgesic drug that is used to 4) needle
relieve severe pain. It was first isolated in 1804 5) tourniquet
by Friedrich Serturner, first distributed by him in 6) matches
1817, and first commercially sold by Merck in 7) lighter
1827. 8) razor blades
- a derivative of opium 9) foil
- comes from the name of Greek god of dreams, 10) wine bottle cap
“Morpheus”
- approximate 10 kilograms of raw opium will ROUTES OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION
produce 1 kilogram of morphine
1) Oral Ingestion
HEROIN - Taken by the mouth and must pass through the
- 1896 ALDER WRIGHT stomach before being absorbed in the bloodstream.
- a British Chemist discovered HEROIN of
DIACETYLMORPHINE. It was called MIRACLE 2) Inhalation
DRUG. - Drug in gaseous from enters the lungs and is quickly
- the chemical compound derived from morphine absorbed by the capillary system.
- chemical name is diacetylmorphine 3) Injection

CODEINE - Administered into the body by the use of a syringe or

- the chemical compound derived from morphine
- Codeine was first isolated from opium by the
French chemist Pierre-Jean Robiquet in 1832.
Because of the small concentration found in
nature, most codeine found in medical products is
synthesized from morphine.
OTHER COMMON DANGEROUS
2. Demerol - widely used as a pain killer in child birth.
3. Methadone - is the drug of choice in the withdrawal
treatment of heroin dependents since it relieves the
physical craving for heroin.
FLAKKA DRUG “ZOMBIE DRUG”
In some parts of the world, it is also called "gravel"
because of its white crystal chunks that have been compared to
aquarium gravel. Sometimes referred to as Zombie Drug or
Demonic Drug.
The man-made drug causes a high similar to cocaine.
But like "bath salts," a group of related synthetic drugs that were
banned in 2012, flakka has the potential to be much more
dangerous than cocaine.
"It's so difficult to control the exact dose [of flakka],"
said Jim Hall, a drug abuse epidemiologist at Nova
Southeastern University in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. "Just a little
bit of difference in how much is consumed can be the difference
between getting high and dying. It's that critical."
A small overdose of the drug, which can be smoked,
injected, snorted or injected, can lead to a range of extreme
hypodermic needle.
Types of Injection Process
a. Subcutaneous - Drug is administered by injecting the
drug just below the surface of the skin, this is
sometimes called “skin popping.”
b. Intramuscular - Administration involves the injection
of a drug into a large muscle mass that has a good
blood supply.
c. Intravenous - The most efficient means of
administration which involves depositing drug directly
into the bloodstream, this is also the most rapid
method of drug administration.
4) Snorting
- Inhalation through the nose of drugs in gaseous form.
5) Buccal
- Drugs is administered by placing it in the buccal cavity
just under the lips.
6) Topical
application of drugs directly to a body site such as the
skin and the mucous membrane.
7) Iontophoresis
introduction of the drugs into the deeper layer of the
skin by use of special type of electric current for local effect.
DANGEROUS EFFECTS OF DRUGS
1) OVERDOSE
when too much drugs are taken into the physiological system
of the body, there may be an over extension of its effects.
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- the one responsible for the planting, harvesting
2) ALLERGY and maintenance of the original plant from which
some drugs cause the release of histamine giving rise to the drug is derived from
allergic symptoms such as dermatitis, swelling, suffocation and - the source of crops or contact to other sources
death. from whom crops can be obtained
- sees to it that the plant is produced in the highest
3) IDIOSYNCRACY quality possible and in sufficient quantity
refers to the individual reaction to drug for unexplained
reasons. 2) THE MANUFACTURER
- the one responsible for the processing of the raw
4) POISONOUS PROPERTY materials supplied by the grower
drugs are chemicals and some of them have the property of - maintains a manufacturing laboratory
being poisons. - the one who makes contact or is contacted so that
the distribution can begin
5) SIDE EFFECTS
some drugs are not receptors for one organ but receptors of 3) THE IMPORTER
other organs as well. The result in one organ may constitute a - the client or contact of the manufacturer
side effect, which are most of the time unwanted. - the primary seller of the drugs
- the importer devises the plan or procedure by
MEDICAL USES OF DRUGS which the now-refined drug will reach its
destination, whether that be another country, state
1) ANALGESICS or other geographical area
drugs that relieve pain.
4) THE SMUGGLER
2) ANTIBIOTICS - has the task of smuggling the drug into the
drugs that combat or control infections. designated area
- must devise techniques by which the drugs evade
3) ANTIHISTAMINES the scrutiny of inspection
those that control or combat allergies. -
5) THE DISTRIBUTOR
4) CONTRACEPTIVES - the source of drugs in their respective areas
drugs that prevent meeting of the egg cell and sperm - the smuggler has different distributors in different
cell to prevent pregnancy. geographical areas

5) DECONGESTANTS 6) THE DEALER

relieves congestion of the nasal passage.
6) EXPECTORANTS
those that causes the expulsion of phlegm and mucus
from the lungs or throat areas.
- most commonly called “PUSHERS”
- they make drugs easily available to users
- some dealers are satisfied with selling drugs to
already known addicts, while some engage in
addicting new customers

7) LAXATIVES 7) THE CONSUMER

those that stimulates defecation and encourage bowel - the buyer and user of drugs
movement. - the drug addicts
- the reason why the business of illegal drugs
8) SEDATIVES AND TRANQUILIZERS continue to thrive
-those that calm and quiet the nerves and relieves
anxiety. DRUG CARTELS
9) VITAMINS
-substance necessary for normal growth and Cartel - an association of businesses in an international
development of the body. monopoly

DRUG SYNDICATE MEDELLIN CARTEL

-any organized group of two (2) or more persons - established in the 1970’s in Medellin, Colombia
forming or joining together with the intention of committing any - its key members were:
offense prescribed under RA 9165 -
1) Pablo Escobar - the leader of the Medellin Cartel;
DRUG TRAFFICKING a common street thief who masterminded the
-the authorized manufacture, distribution or unlawful criminal enterprise
possession of any controlled substance, for the purpose of 2) Jose Gonzalo Rodriguez Gacha - had prior illegal
selling involvement in the emerald trade
3) Jorge Ochoa}
DRUG DISTRIBUTION PROCESS 4) Fabio Ochoa} – belonged to a well-respected
ranching family
1) THE GROWER 5) Juan David Ochoa}

6) Carlos Lehder - marijuana smuggler who owned
land properties and air strip in Norman’s clay
▪ Norman’s clay is a small island in the Bahamas
▪ Lehder built a runway for the small airplanes
that were used in transporting illegal drugs to
the US; this runway was protected from radar
▪ the island became the stop-over and re-fuelling
hubs for the planes transporting illegal drugs
- its operations started to deteriorate when it started
getting violent due to Escobar’s power-hungry
activities against the Colombian government
- eventually, both Pablo Escobar and Rodriguez
Gacha were gunned down by the Colombian
Police, while the Ochoa brothers turned
themselves in exchange for lenient prison terms
- the Medellin Cartel was neutralized in the early
1990’s
CALI CARTEL
- established in the 1970’s in Cali, Colombia
- its key members were:
a. Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela
b. Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela
c. Santacruz Londono
- they conducted their operations quietly,
reinvesting their profits in legitimate businesses
- as rivals of the Medellin Cartel, they secretly
supplied information against Escobar to the
Colombian Police
- in the mid-1990’s, the leaders were arrested and
are currently serving prison terms
- however, it is believed that operations are still
going on
- 4)
GOLDEN CRESCENT (Middle East) (IPAI)
- composed of Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan
- one of the world’s biggest sources of opium
- the geographical location is conducive to growing
opium poppies
- the fields are said to be protected by the Taliban
in Afghanistan
GOLDEN TRIANGLE (South East Asia) (TaBuLa)
- composed of Thailand, (Burma) Myanmar and
Laos
- world’s leading producer of heroin
- the geographical location of said countries are
conducive to growing crops
- the fields cover a vast area impossible to monitor
completely
- poor farmers choose to plant opium poppies
because it is more lucrative
- the fields are said to be protected by the rebel
groups, especially in Myanmar
- Executive Director who shall be the Secretary of
FIRST IMPORTANT DRUG TRAFFIC ROUTE
1) Middle East - discovery, plantation, cultivation
and harvest
2) Turkey - preparation for distribution
3) Europe - manufacture, refine and synthesis
4) US - marketing
8
LEBANON - biggest producer of cannabis in the Middle East;
transit country for cocaine from South America to Europe
SPAIN - major transshipment point in Europe, paradise of drug
users in Europe
MEXICO – is the world’s No. 1 producer of cannabis in the world
and the transit point of cocaine to the United States of America.
PHILIPPINES – No. 2 world producer of cannabis and major
transshipment point of illegal drugs. DRUG PARADISE IN ASIA.
INDIA – is the center of the world’s drug map, leading to rapid
addiction among its people.
INDONESIA – Northern Sumatra is the main cannabis growing
area in Indonesia. BALI is an important transit point of drugs to
Australia and New Zealand.
CHINA – transit point of heroin from the Golden Triangle to
Hongkong. It is the source of the plant ephedra of Mahuang –
the source of the chemical ephedrine – the principal component
in the manufacture of SHABU
Presumptive Color Tests for presence of drugs
1) Marquis—turns purple in the presence of most opium
derivatives and orange-brown with amphetamines
2) Dille-Koppanyi—turns violet-blue in the presence of
barbiturates
3) Duquenois-Levine—turns a purple color in the
presence of marijuana
Van Urk—turns a blue-purple in the presence of LSD
5) Scott test—color test for cocaine; blue
RA 6425 - DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 1972
RA 9165 - COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS
DRUGS ACT OF 2002
approved on 7 June 2002
DANGEROUS DRUG BOARD (DDB)
- shall be the policy-making and strategy-
formulating body
- shall develop and adopt a comprehensive,
integrated, unified and balanced national drug
abuse prevention and control strategy
- shall be under the Office of the President
- the Board shall be composed of seventeen (17)
members:
12 in ex-officio capacity, 3 permanent members
and 2 regular members
- the Board shall recommend the appointment of an
the Board with the rank of Undersecretary
PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (PDEA)
- shall serve as the implementing arm of the Board
- shall be responsible for the efficient and effective
law enforcement

- shall be headed by a Director-General with the
rank of Undersecretary, who shall be responsible
for the general administration and management of
the agency
- PDEA Academy shall be established either in
Baguio City or Tagaytay City
- the Academy shall be responsible in the
recruitment and training of all PDEA agents and
personnel
- shall be headed by a Superintendent, with the
rank of Director
QUALIFICATIONS FOR RECRUITS
1) at least 21 years old
2) degree holder
DRUG TEST REQUIREMENTS
1) screening test - will determine the positive result
as well as the type of the drug used
2) confirmatory test - will confirm and validate the
result of the screening test
USE OF DANGEROUS DRUGS
- a person arrested for a crime and found to be
positive for drug use shall be imposed a penalty of
minimum six months rehabilitation for the first
offense
- a person arrested for drug use for the second time
shall suffer imprisonment ranging from six years
and one day to 12 years
- for treatment and rehabilitation in any Center duly
POSSESSION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS
- any person, unless authorized by law, found in
possession of any dangerous drug shall mete the
penalty of life imprisonment to death:
10 g or more of opium
10 g or more of morphine
10 g or more of heroin
10 g or more of cocaine
50 g or more of shabu
10 g or more of marijuana resin or marijuana resin
oil
500 g or more of marijuana
10 g or more other dangerous drugs
POSSESSION OF EQUIPMENT, INSTRUMENT,
APPARATUS AND OTHER PARAPEHERNALIA FOR
DANGEROUS DRUGS
- possession of such equipment shall be prima facie
evidence that the possessor has smoked,
consumed, administered to himself/herself and
shall be presumed to have violated Section 15 of
RA 9125 (Use of Dangerous Drugs)
CUSTODY AND DISPOSITION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS
AND PARAPHERNALIA
- the PDEA shall take charge and have custody of
all dangerous drugs and paraphernalia
confiscated
- confiscated drugs and paraphernalia shall be
forwarded to the PDEA forensic laboratory for
examination within twenty four (24) hours upon
seizure
- a certification of the forensic laboratory shall be
issued within twenty four (24) hours after receipt
of said dangerous drugs and paraphernalia
9
- after filing of the criminal case, the court shall
conduct an ocular inspection of the confiscated
drug and paraphernalia within seventy two (72)
hours
- after inspection, the drugs and paraphernalia
shall be destroyed within twenty four (24)
hours except for the representative samples
which will be used as evidence during trial
-
VOLUNTARY SUBMISSION OF DRUG DEPENDENT
- rehabilitation period is not less than six months but
not more than one year
- shall be exempt from criminal liability for use of
dangerous drugs under the following conditions:
1) has complied with the rules and regulation of
the Center, rules and regulations of the
Board, including the after-care and follow-up
program;
2) has never been charged or convicted for any
violation of RA 9165, RA 6425, RPC or any
special penal laws;
3) has no record of escape from a center;
4) poses no serious danger or threat
COMPULSORY CONFINEMENT OF A DRUG DEPENDENT
WHO REFUSES TO APPLY UNDER THE VOLUNTARY
SUBMISSION PROGRAM
- any person determined and found to be
dependent on dangerous drugs shall be confined
designated or accredited for the purpose upon
petition by the Board or any of its authorized
representative
- a petition for confinement of a person may be filed
by any person authorized by the Board with the
Regional Trial Court of the province or city where
such person is found
- after filing of petition, the court shall immediately
fix a date for the hearing
- after such hearing and if the facts so warrant, the
court shall order the drug dependent to be
examined by two (2) physicians accredited by the
Board
- if both physicians conclude that the respondent is
not a drug dependent, the court shall order his
discharge
- if one of the physicians finds him to be dependent,
the court shall conduct a hearing and consider all
relevant evidence; if the court finds him a drug
dependent, it shall issue an order for his
commitment to a treatment and rehabilitation
center
-
COMPULSORY SUBMISSION OF A DRUG DEPENDENT
CHARGED WITH AN OFFENSE TO TREATMENT AND
REHABILITATION
✓ if a person charged with an offense where the penalty
imposable is imprisonment of less than six (6) years and
one (1) day, and is found by the prosecutor or by the court,
at any stage of the proceedings, to be drug dependent, the
prosecutor or the court shall suspend all further
proceedings and transmit copies of the record of the case
to the Board

✓ if the Board determines, after medical examination, that the
drug dependent should be committed to a treatment and
rehabilitation center, it shall file a petition for his
commitment with the Regional Trial Court of the province or
city where he is being tried
✓ if the court finds him to be a drug dependent, it shall order
his commitment
✓ the Center shall submit a written report on the progress of
the treatment every four (4) months or as often as the court
may require
✓ if the drug dependent is rehabilitated, as the Center
certifies, he shall be returned to court for discharge from the
Center
✓ the proceedings regarding his original case shall continue
and in case of conviction, his stay at the Center shall be
credited to his sentence if the drug dependent is certified by
the Center to have maintained good behavior
National Anti-Drug Strategy & 4 Pillars of Anti-Drug
Campaign
THE FOUR PILLARS OF ANTI-DRUG CAMPAIGN
1. Drug Supply Reduction Drive
✓ Reduce the supply of drugs
✓ Drive the prices high and create acute shortage of
drugs
✓ Neutralize sources of drugs
2. Drug Demand Reduction Drive
✓ Reduce the demand side of the drug chain
✓ Concentrates on anti-drug advocacy efforts – public
information and treatment and rehabilitation
✓ Targets non-users, casual drug users and
addicts/recovering persons
3. Alternative Development/Reform Programs
✓ Development/livelihood program
✓ Education program
✓ Family solidarity/development program
✓ Good governance program
✓ Legal reforms
4. International Cooperation
✓ Neutralize transnational drug syndicates
✓ Minimize drug trafficking to and from the country
✓ Exchange of information and technologies
✓ Multilateral, regional, sub-regional and bilateral
assistance and cooperation
VICES
Vice – is any immoral conduct or habit, the indulgence of which
leads to depravity, wickedness and corruption of the minds and
the body.
Different Forms of Vices:
1) Drug addiction
2) Alcoholism
3) Prostitution
4) Gambling
ALCOHOLIC
-A person who has experienced physical, psychological, social
or occupational impairment as consequence of habitual,
excessive consumption of alcohol.
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ALCOHOL ABUSE
-Use of ethyl alcohol or liquor in a quantity and with a frequency
that causes the individual significant physiological,
psychological, or sociological distress or impairment.
ALCOHOLIC DEPENDENCE
-A chronic lost of control over the consumption of alcoholic
beverages despite obvious psychological or physical harm to
the person. Increasing amount are required overtime and abrupt
discontinuance may precipitate a withdrawal symptoms.
ALCOHOLIC LIQUOR
-Any beverages or compound, whether distilled, fermented, or
otherwise, which will produce intoxication or which contains in
excess of one percent of alcohol and used as a beverage.
DRUNKARD
- A person who habitually takes or use any intoxicating alcohol
liquor and while under the influence of such, or in consequence
of the effect thereof, is either dangerous to himself or to others.
ALCOHOLISM – which is also known as “Alcohol Dependence
Syndrome” is a disease characterized by the following:
a) Craving – strong need or compulsion to drink
b) Loss of Control – frequent inability to stop drinking once a
person has begun to drink.
c) Physical Dependence – The occurrence of withdrawal
symptoms, such as shakiness and anxiety when alcohol use is
stopped.
SOME PROBLEMS ARISING FROM ALCOHOLISM
a) Loss of employment which can lead to financial
problems;
b) Marital Conflict and contribute to domestic violence;
c) Drinking at inappropriate times and behavior can lead
to legal consequences, such as public disorder (Alarm and
Scandal).
DRUNKNESS AS A CRIME
-In the Philippines, drunkenness in itself is not a crime because
a person may drink to excess in the privacy of his home or in the
party and commit no crime at all.
-It is only when a drunken person exhibits his condition publicly,
or disturbs, endangers, or injured others, that he became an
offender and therefore, subject to arrest and punishment.
-Before and during elections, it is unlawful to sell or drink
intoxicating liquor, as provided in the election law.
-Under RA 4136, as amended, driving under the influence of
liquor is prohibited.
Under Article 15 of the Revised Penal Code,
intoxication is considered as an Alternative Circumstances.
- It is considered a mitigating circumstance when the offender
has committed a felony in a state of intoxication, if the same is
not habitual.

- It is considered an aggravating circumstance, when the
intoxication is habitual or intentional.
DEFINITION OF TERMS UNDER R.A. 9165 and PNP
AIDSOTF MANUAL
Administer. – Any act of introducing any dangerous drug into
the body of any person, with or without his/her knowledge, by
injection, inhalation, ingestion or other means, or of committing
any act of indispensable assistance to a person in administering
a dangerous drug to himself/herself unless administered by a
duly licensed practitioner for purposes of medication.
Arrest - the taking of a person into custody in order that he may
be bound to answer for the commission of an offense.
Arresting Officer - a Police Officer responsible for the
apprehension of the suspect/s.
Buy-Bust Operation - is an entrapment technique employed by
a Peace Officer as an effective way of apprehending a criminal
in the act of committing an offense.
Cannabis or commonly known as “Marijuana” or “Indian
Hemp” or by its any other name. – Embraces every kind,
class, genus, or specie of the plant Cannabis sativa L. including,
but not limited to, Cannabis americana, hashish, bhang, guaza,
churrus and ganjab, and embraces every kind, class and
character of marijuana, whether dried or fresh and flowering,
flowering or fruiting tops, or any part or portion of the plant and
seeds thereof, and all its geographic varieties, whether as a
reefer, resin, extract, tincture or in any form whatsoever.
Case Operation Plan (COPLAN) - a classified document
detailing the anti-illegal drugs operation to be conducted against
specific targets.
Case-build up - series of activities in anti-illegal drugs
operations such as but not limited to casing, validation,
surveillance, verification etc, up to the time of completion of
necessary information as basis for possible operations.
Chain of Custody - the duly recorded authorized movement
and custody of seized drugs or controlled precursors and
essential chemicals or plant sources of dangerous drugs or
laboratory equipment at each stage, from the time of
seizure/confiscation; transmittal to the forensic laboratory for
examination and safekeeping; presentation of the evidence in
court and up to its destruction. Such record, of movement and
custody of seized item shall include the identity and signature of
the person who held temporary custody of the seized item, the
dates and time when such transfers of custody were made in
the course of safekeeping and for its use in court as evidence
and final disposition.
Chain of Custody Form - is a document which contains the
description of the seized items or articles, the authorized
movement of the evidence from the time it was seized,
inventoried and examined by the PNP Crime Laboratory and the
identity and signature of the person who held temporary custody
of the same, the dates and time when such transfers of custody
were made in the course of safekeeping and use in court as
evidence.
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Chemical Diversion. – The sale, distribution, supply or
transport of legitimately imported, in-transit, manufactured or
procured controlled precursors and essential chemicals, in
diluted, mixtures or in concentrated form, to any person or entity
engaged in the manufacture of any dangerous drug, and shall
include packaging, repackaging, labeling, relabeling or
concealment of such transaction through fraud, destruction of
documents, fraudulent use of permits, misdeclaration, use of
front companies or mail fraud.
Chemical Warehouse - any facility used as storage of CPECs,
equipment and paraphernalia used in the manufacture of illegal
drugs.
Child in Conflict with the Law (CICL) - anyone under 18 who
comes into contact with the justice system as a result of being
suspected or accused of the commission of an offense.
Clandestine Laboratory - any facility used for the illegal
manufacture of any illegal drugs and/ or controlled precursor
and essential chemical.
Confirmatory Test. – An analytical test using a device, tool or
equipment with a different chemical or physical principle that is
more specific this will validate and confirm the result of the
screening test.
Classified Information/Reports/Documents - information,
reports or documents classified as Top Secret, Secret,
Confidential and Restricted which cannot be divulged without
prior clearance from proper authorities.
Confidential Informant - any person who either furnishes
information regarding illegal drugs trafficking or perform an
activity under the specific direction of the Police or other
authorized personnel.
Controlled Delivery - the investigative technique of allowing an
unlawful or suspected consignment of any dangerous drugs
and/or CPECs, equipment or paraphernalia or property believed
to be derived directly or indirectly from an offense; to pass into,
through or out of the country under supervision of an authorized
Officer, purpose of which is to gather evidence and to identify
the person involved in the illegal drugs-related offense, or to
facilitate prosecution of the particular case under RA 9165.
Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals (CPECs) -
those listed in Tables I and II of the 1988 UN Convention Against
Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances as
enumerated in the Annexes which are integral parts of RA 9165
and those classified by the Board pursuant to Section 93 of RA
9165.
Coordination - ministerial duty of operating Units involved in
anti-illegal drugs operations to inform the PDEA and concerned
territorial Units about the operation. It shall be made either
personally, through telephone, fax machine, email, text
messages or any electronic means, to be acknowledged by the
receiving Unit through the Duty Officer. The purpose of which is
to avoid a miss encounter and to establish harmonious
relationship between and among law enforcement Units in the
accomplishment of a mission. Coordination shall mean adjusted
to or in harmony with (Words and Phrases). Likewise, it means
to work or act together harmoniously (Merriam Webster
Dictionary).
Crime Scene Photographer - authorized PNP member
responsible for taking photographs of the crime scene as well

as the evidence seized and the arrested suspect in accordance
with Section 21, Art II, RA 9165.
Cultivate or Culture. – Any act of knowingly planting, growing,
raising, or permitting the planting, growing or raising of any plant
which is the source of a dangerous drug.
Dangerous Drugs. – Include those listed in the Schedules
annexed to the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, as
amended by the 1972 Protocol, and in the Schedules annexed
to the 1971 Single Convention on Psychotropic Substances as
enumerated in the annex which is an integral part of this Act.
Deliver. – Any act of knowingly passing a dangerous drug to
another, personally or otherwise, and by any means, with or
without consideration.
Den, Dive or Resort - A place where the illegal drugs and or
CPECs is administered, delivered, stored for illegal purposes,
distributed, sold and used in any form.
Den, Dive or Resort. – A place where any dangerous drug
and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical is
administered, delivered, stored for illegal purposes, distributed,
sold or used in any form.
Digital Evidence - is any information or data that can be
extracted from a computer systems’ digital storage media or
computer network to include audio files, video recording,
document files, and digital images.
Dispense. – Any act of giving away, selling or distributing
medicine or any dangerous drug with or without the use of
prescription.
Drug Dependence - As based on the World Health
Organization’s definition, it is a cluster of physiological,
behavioral and cognitive phenomena of variable intensity, in
which the use of psychoactive drugs takes on high priority
thereby involving, among others, a strong desire or a sense of
compulsion to take the substance and the difficulties in
controlling substance-taking behavior in terms of its onset,
termination, or levels of use.
Drug Dependence. – As based on the World Health
Organization definition, it is a cluster of physiological, behavioral
and cognitive phenomena of variable intensity, in which the use
of psychoactive drug takes on a high priority thereby involving,
among others, a strong desire or a sense of compulsion to take
the substance and the difficulties in controlling substance-taking
behavior in terms of its onset, termination, or levels of use.
Drug Evidence - any illegal drugs or CPECs, equipment,
apparatus, paraphernalia, material, marked-money and any
other item seized/confiscated during the anti- illegal drugs
operation.
Drug Law Enforcement Operation - an official action
conducted by the PNP aimed at reducing supply and demand of
illegal drugs.
Drug Syndicate. – Any organized group of two (2) or more
persons forming or joining together with the intention of
committing any offense prescribed under this Act.
Employee of Den, Dive or Resort. – The caretaker, helper,
watchman, lookout, and other persons working in the den, dive
or resort, employed by the maintainer, owner and/or operator
where any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and
essential chemical is administered, delivered, distributed, sold
12
or used, with or without compensation, in connection with the
operation thereof.
Eradication - the detection and destruction of plantations of
marijuana, opium poppy, coca bush and other plants which are
sources of illegal drugs, including the identification, arrest and
prosecution of the planter, owner or cultivator of the land where
the plantations are located.
Financier. – Any person who pays for, raises or supplies money
for, or underwrites any of the illegal activities prescribed under
this Act.
Ground Commander - is the designated Police Commissioned
Officer (PCO) who is directly responsible for the over-all
supervision and control of the anti-illegal drugs operation
conducted by concerned Units.
High-Profile Targets (HPTs) - Illegal Drugs personalities
whether local or foreign, involved in the manufacture,
importation, exportation, large scale distribution, transport or
delivery of large quantities of illegal drugs, CPECs, laboratory
equipment/apparatus, maintenance of a drug den, dive or resort
and cultivation of plant sources of illegal drugs.
Illegal Trafficking. – The illegal cultivation, culture, delivery,
administration, dispensation, manufacture, sale, trading,
transportation, distribution, importation, exportation and
possession of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor
and essential chemical.
Inflagrante Delicto - means in every act of wrong (Philippine
Legal Encyclopedia). For purposes of this Manual, it shall refer
to the actual commission of a violation of RA 9165.
Instrument. – Anything that is used in or intended to be used in
any manner in the commission of illegal drug trafficking or
related offenses.
Instrumentation - is the scientific examination of evidence
collected in the course of anti-illegal drugs operations.
Intelligence - is a product created through the process of
planning, directing, collecting, collating, and analyzing data, for
dissemination as usable information that typically assesses
events, locations or adversaries, to allow the appropriate
deployment of resources to reach a desired outcome.
Interdiction - is the interception of illegal drugs being
transported by air, water and land.
Interview - the process of eliciting information from witnesses,
suspects and confidential informants.
Investigation - is the collection of facts and evidences to
accomplish a three-fold aim: a. to identify the guilty party b. to
locate the guilty party c. to provide evidence of guilt
Investigator-On-Case (IOC) - is the Police Officer who
determines the cause or motive of the crime, identifies suspects
and interviews witnesses, and effects arrest of suspect/s.
Laboratory Equipment. – The paraphernalia, apparatus,
materials or appliances when used, intended for use or
designed for use in the manufacture of any dangerous drug
and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical, such as

reaction vessel, preparative/purifying equipment, fermenters,
separatory funnel, flask, heating mantle, gas generator, or their
substitute.
Manufacture. – The production, preparation, compounding or
processing of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor
and essential chemical, either directly or indirectly or by
extraction from substances of natural origin, or independently by
means of chemical synthesis or by a combination of extraction
and chemical synthesis, and shall include any packaging or
repackaging of such substances, design or configuration of its
form, or labeling or relabeling of its container; except that such
terms do not include the preparation, compounding, packaging
or labeling of a drug or other substances by a duly authorized
practitioner as an incident to his/her administration or
dispensation of such drug or substance in the course of his/her
professional practice including research, teaching and chemical
analysis of dangerous drugs or such substances that are not
intended for sale or for any other purpose.
Opium Poppy. – Refers to any part of the plant of the species
Papaver somniferum L., Papaver setigerum DC, Papaver
orientale, Papaver bracteatum and Papaver rhoeas, which
includes the seeds, straws, branches, leaves or any part
thereof, or substances derived therefrom, even for floral,
decorative and culinary purposes.
PDEA – Refers to the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
under Section 82, Article IX of this Act.
Planned Operation - a designed police operation targeting
personalities, syndicates and their accomplices involved in
illegal drugs activities.
Planting of Evidence. – The willful act by any person of
maliciously and surreptitiously inserting, placing, adding or
attaching directly or indirectly, through any overt or covert act,
whatever quantity of any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical in the person, house, effects
or in the immediate vicinity of an innocent individual for the
purpose of implicating, incriminating or imputing the commission
of any violation of this Act.
Poseur-buyer - an undercover Police Officer tasked to pose as
buyer of illegal drugs for purposes of affecting the arrest of the
offender.
Protector/Coddler. – Any person who knowingly and willfully
consents to the unlawful acts provided for in this Act and uses
his/her influence, power or position in shielding, harboring,
screening or facilitating the escape of any person he/she knows,
or has reasonable grounds to believe on or suspects, has
Prepared by:
PROF. JOHN MICHAEL D. DIONISIO
Registered Criminologist, Master of Science in Criminal Justice
6th Placer, October 2014 Criminologist Licensure Examination
OLFU BS Crim. Cl 2014 Cum Laude, Civil Service Eligible (PD 907)
National Criminology Review Lecturer
#ParaSaLisensya
#ParasaTsapa
#RCrimNaAko
13
violated the provisions of this Act in order to prevent the
arrest, prosecution and conviction of the violator.
Pusher - any person who sells, administers, delivers, give away
to another or by any terms, distributes, dispatches, in transit or
transports any illegal drugs or CPECs or who acts as a broker
in any such transaction.
Recorder - a Police Officer responsible in recording the events
that transpire during the conduct of the anti-illegal drugs
operation.
Screening Test - a rapid test performed to established a
potential/presumptive positive result to the standards set forth
under existing laws, rules and regulations.
Search - the examination of an individual’s person, house,
papers or effects or other premises to discover contraband or
some evidence of guilt to be used in the prosecution of a criminal
action.
Search Warrant - an Order in writing issued in the name of the
People of the Philippines, signed by a Judge and directed to a
Peace Officer, directing him to search for personal property
described therein and bring it before the court. (Sec 1, Rule 126,
Rules of Court)
Seizing/Inventory Officer - the Police Officer who is
designated to seize and facilitate the inventory of the evidences
recovered during the operation.
Sell - Any act of giving away any illegal drugs or CPECs whether
for money or any other consideration.
Surveillance - Discreet observation of places, persons and
vehicles for the purpose of obtaining information concerning the
identities or activities of the subjects.
Team - Two (2) or more Police Officers tasked to implement an
anti-illegal drugs operation.
Team Leader - a Police Officer, preferably a PCO, responsible
for leading his team in the conduct of case build-up, raid, arrest,
investigation, filing and monitoring of illegal drugs case.
Use of Force - is the application of reasonable force to subdue
or effect the arrest of violators of RA 9165.
Use. – Any act of injecting, intravenously or intramuscularly, of
consuming, either by chewing, smoking, sniffing, eating,
swallowing, drinking or otherwise introducing into the
physiological system of the body, any of the dangerous drugs.
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