CREED REVIEW CENTER
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW THROUGH ENHANCED EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION:
POLICE ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATON
WITH POLICE PLANNING
Definition of the Term “POLICE”
“POLITIA”, means condition of the state,
government and administration. POLITIA originated from
the GREEK WORD “POLITEIA”, which means
government, citizenship or the entire activity of a POLIS-a
city.
In the broadest sense, the term “POLICE” means
the internal organization or regulation of the state, the
control and regulation of a community, through the
exercise of the constitutional power of the government.
(Webster Dictionary)
In the less broad sense, the term “POLICE”
denotes that power of the government which is concern
with the maintenance of tranquility, public order, peace,
security, security of persons and property, and the
protection of public health and morale.
In the very restricted sense, the word “POLICE”
refers exclusively to the body of armed men which as an
institution, capable of exercising its duties by armed
physical forces in the preservation and detection of crime
and the execution of laws.
ORGANIZATION
- a group of persons working together for a
common goal or objectives
- a form of human association for the attainment of
a goal or objective
- the process of identifying and grouping the work
to be performed, defining and delegating
responsibility and authority, establishing
relationships for the purpose of enabling people
work effectively
POLICE ORGANIZATION
- a group of trained personnel in the field of public
safety administration engaged in the
achievement of goals and objectives that
promotes the maintenance of peace and order,
protection of life and property, enforcement of the
laws and the prevention of crimes
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY
- pertains to an organization responsible for
enforcing the laws
ADMINISTRATION
- an organizational process concerned with the
implementation of objectives and plans and
internal operating efficiency
- connotes bureaucratic structure and behavior,
relatively routine decision-making and
maintenance of the internal order
POLICE/LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
- the process involved in ensuring strict
compliance, proper obedience of laws and
related statutes
- focuses on the policing process or how law
enforcement agencies are organized and
managed in order to achieve the goals of law
enforcement most effectively, efficiently and
productively
Theories, Philosophy, and Concepts of Police Service
A. Fundamental Theories of Police Service
1. The Continental Theory. In this theory, policemen
are considered as servants of the higher authorities,
and the people have little or no share at all in their
duties, nor any direct connection with them. This
theory prevails among the continental countries like
France, Italy, Spain, where governmental structure
follows the centralized pattern.
2. The Home Rule Theory. Policemen are considered
as servants of the community, who depend for the
effectiveness of their functions upon the express
wishes of the people. In this theory, policemen are
civil employees whose primary duty is the
preservation of the public peace and security. This is
practiced in England and in the United States of
America where the governmental structure is
decentralized pattern.
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B. Concepts of Police Service
1. Old Concept. In this concept, the police is
looked upon as a merely repressive
machinery. This means that placing more
people in jail rather than keeping them out of
jail. Punishment is the only instrument of
crime control, and the yardstick of police
efficiency is more on arrest.
2. Modern Concept. This concept considers
the police service as an organ of crime
prevention. Its activities include certain
aspects of social services, and has for its
objectives the welfare of the individual as
well as that of society. The yardstick of police
efficiency is the absence of crime
Police Objectives, Functions and Activities
A. POLICE OBJECTIVES
1. To make sure there is an order in the
community;
2. To protect the lives and limbs of every
member of the community;
3. To protect the properties of the citizenry; and
4. To render appropriate assistance to other
government office concerned
B. BASIC POLICE FUNCTIONS
1. Crime Prevention. It is directed at the
elimination or reduction of the desire to commit
crime. It must be coordinated very closely with
other agencies or sectors of society such as the
members of criminal justice system.
2. Crime Control. Refers to the control or
neutralization of criminal activity. The key to
crime control is proper enforcement of the
provisions of the Revised Penal Code and
Special Laws governing criminal acts.
3. Regulations or Control of Non-Criminal
Conduct. Done by enforcing rules and
regulations and ordinances all aimed at achieving
a desired uniform standard of activity among
members of society.
THREE (3) GENERAL CATEGORIES OF POLICE
ACTIVITIES
1. Primary, Line or Operation Police
Functions. Refer to activities such as patrol
work, traffic control/management, criminal
investigation, juvenile and vice control.
Sometimes intelligence is classified as line
function. The Accomplishment of these
primary tasks should achieve the police
objectives.
2. Secondary, Auxiliary or Service
Functions. It take charge of transportation,
communication, property supply, records,
laboratory, jail or custody maintenance and
identification. These tasks shall assist and
effectively support the primary tasks in the
accomplishment of the police objectives.
3. Administrative or Managerial Functions. It
include personnel, intelligence, inspection,
planning activities, budgeting, training and
public relations. These tasks should assist
and effectively support the primary and
secondary police tasks in the attainment of
the police objectives.
Principles of Organization Applicable to the Police
1. Division of Work. An apportioning of works or
tasks among the various units or groups
according to some logical plan.
2. Delineation of Responsibility. Lines of authority
and responsibility should be made as definite
and direct as possible so that responsibility may
properly fixed and duplication avoided. Thus,
every member in the force knows where he fits in
the pattern, to whom he is responsible and who
is responsible to him
3. Span of Control. The extent of direction,
coordination and control over immediate
subordinates. The
span of control of a supervisor over personnel or
units shall not be more than what he can
effectively direct and coordinate.
4. Unity of Command. Each individual, unit or
situation shall be under the immediate control of
one and only one person.
5. Chain of Command. A line or chain of superiors
from top to bottom.
6. Delegation of Authority. It is the division of
tasks of command among the officers of the
various units. The authority that the chief
delegates to an officer is not the total authority of
the chief. It is limited to command of members
within the pyramid of that officer’s authority.
These officers in turn may delegate the authority
given to him to the heads smaller subordinate
units. The responsibility for a function shall carry
with it commensurate authority and the person
whom the authority is delegated.
7. Integration and Coordination. The efforts of the
different units must be coordinated and
integrated so as to accomplish a harmonious
progress towards the primary objectives of the
office. The more specialized units there are
greater is the need for integration and
coordination.
8. Command Responsibility. It means the
commander is directly responsible for any act or
omission of his subordinates in relation to the
performance of their official duties.
Circumstances that the Commander Maybe
Exempted from Command Responsibility:
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 1) When he is not properly informed of
the acts or omission of his
subordinates;
2) When he was properly informed and
he acted by conducting immediate
investigation/action thereof; and
3) When he acted upon lawful orders
from higher authorities.
Circumstances that the Commander is
Presumed to be Knowledgeable on the Commission
of Irregularities or Criminal Offenses of his
Subordinates(E.O. 226):
1) When the irregularities or illegal acts
are widespread within his area of
jurisdiction;
2) When the irregularities or illegal acts
have been repeatedly or regularly
committed within his area of
responsibility; and
3) When members of his immediate
staff or office personnel are involved.
BRIEF HISTORY OF POLICING
EVOLUTION OF POLICING SYSTEM
▪ Praetorian guards = military bodies who serve
as guardians of peace in ancient Rome in which
the idea of policing said to have originated
▪ Officer de la Paix = a French term which
claimed to be the origin of the term Police
Officer
1. Anglo-Saxon Period of Policing System (Ancient
England)
A. Tun Policing System - A system of policing
emerged during the Anglo-Saxon period
whereby all male residents were required
to guard the town (tun) to preserve peace
and protect the lives and properties of the
people.
B. Hue and Cry - A village law started in Britain
which provided methods of apprehending a
criminal by an act of the complainant to
shout to call all male residents to
assemble and arrest the suspect.
C. Trial by Ordeal - A judicial practice where in
the guilt or innocence of the accused is
determined by subjecting him to an
unpleasant, usually dangerous, experience.
(In present terminologies, it would mean an
employment of a “3rd degree.”) The word
“ordeal” was derived from the Medieval Latin
word “Dei Indicum” which means “a
miraculous decision.”
2. Norman Period of Policing System
A. Shire-Rieve
Shire-Rieve was a policing system during the
Norman Period when England was divided into fifty-five
(55) military areas, each headed by a ruler called the
Rieve (head-man or lieutenant of the army). The fifty-
five (55) military divisions in England are called shires.
The shire-rieve had absolute powers that no one could
questions his or her actions.
Two “Constabuli” or “The Keeper of the
Horse” were appointed to each village to aid the Rieve in
his duties. It became the source of the word Constable.
The term “Shire-Rieve” is said to be the origin of
the word “Sheriff.”
B. Legis Henrici
An act that was enacted during this period with
the following features:
▪ Offenses were classified as against the king and
individual.
▪ Policeman becomes public servant.
▪ The police and the citizens have the broad power
to arrest. It introduced the system called
“citizen’s arrest.”
▪ Grand Jury was created to inquire on the facts of
the law. A system which made inquisition onto
the facts of a crime and eliminate the “Anglo-
Saxon Trial or “Trial by Ordeal System.”
3. Westminster Period of Policing System
Statute of 1295
The law that marks the beginning of the curfew
hours, which demanded the closing of the gates of
London during sundown.
4. Magna Carta or "The Great Charter"
A law promulgated by King John of England
upon the demand of the Knights of the Round Table
forcing the King to sign the same with the following
features:
▪ No freeman shall be taken, imprisoned, banished
or exiled except by legal judgment of his peers.
▪ No person shall be tried for murder unless there
is proof of the body of the victim.
LONDON POLICING PRIOR TO 1829
Henry Fielding = appointed as Magistrate in 1748,
introduced the first detective force, known as the Bow
Street Runners
Bow Runners = a group of men organized by Henry
Fielding and named by his brother John Fielding task to
catch thieves and robbers
identified by carrying a Tipstaff with the Royal
Crown
= made up of eight constables who also
investigated crimes handed over to them by the volunteer
constables and watchmen
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BEGINNING OF MODERN POLICING (1829)
Sir Robert Peel = appointed as Home Secretary in 1822
= recognized as the father of
modern policing system
METROPOLITAN POLICE = organized in 1829 by Sir
Robert Peel (Metropolitan Police Act of 1829)
= the largest of the police services that operate
in greater London (the others include the City of London
Police and the British Transport Police)
= finest police force around the world.
= the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police
Service is the Scotland Yard, now known as
the New Scotland Yard
TOTAL POLICING = motto of London
Metropolitan Police
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
1. NEW YORK POLICE DEPARTMENT
- created in 1845 in New York, USA
- recognized as the first modern style police
department in the US
- the largest police force in the world
- modeled after the Metropolitan Police Service of
London
2. BOSTON POLICE DEPARTMENT
- the oldest police department in the US
- the first night watch was established in
Boston in 1631
- formally founded in May, 1854
AUGUST VOLLMER
- recognized as the Father of Modern Law
Enforcement for his contributions in the
development of the field of criminal justice in the
US
- author of the book, Police Administration, which
served as the basic guide in the administration of
the police organization in the US
- was the first police chief of Berkeley, California
POLICE SYSTEMS UNDER TRIBAL COMMUNITIES
The police under Philippine settings primitively
evolved from the practice of different tribes to select able-
bodied young men to protect their villages, not from the
assault of criminals, but from the depredation of wild
animals, which prey on their crops and livestock’s during
the night.
The function of what is now Police Station
devolved from the HEADMAN. He exercised his duty by
employing all the males of the tribes as guardians of his
people and he confirms his choice among the able-
bodied males only.
SPANISH REGIME
Cuardilleros = a body of rural police organized in each
town established by Royal decree of Jan. 8, 1836. It
mandates that 5% of the able bodied male inhabitants
of each province where to be enlisted in this police
organization for 3 years. There services are originally not
paid or gratuitous subject to some privileges although in
some province they received a proportionate pay ranging
from 4.00 to 8.00 depending on the revenue collection.
Carabineros De Seguridad Publica = Organized in
1712 for the purpose of carrying the regulations of the
Department of State. This was armed and considered as
the mounted police who later discharged the duties of a
port, harbor and river police. It was later given special
commission by Royal Decree of December 20, 1842 and
it was called – Cuerco De Seguridad Publica ( Corps of
Crabbiness for Public Security).
Guardia Civil – Created on Feb 12, 1852 by virtue of a
Royal Decree, to partially relieve the Spanish Peninsular
troops of their work in policing towns. It consisted of a
body of Filipino Policemen each of the Provincial Capitals
of the Central Province of Luzon under the ALCALDE
(Governor). This semi-military police institution was
armed as the Spanish Infantry, very martial in
appearance because of its bright and showy uniform and
distinctively prominent insignia, plus a rigidly maintained
military bearing. It gave the Spanish Colonial Government
a tremendous power to control and centralized police
administration, thus enabling the supreme head to dictate
the policies in maintaining peace and order.
PNP History
March 23, 1901 - eventual capture of General
Emilio Aguinaldo, leader of first Philippine Republic end
the Filipino-American War.
Organic Act No. 175 - Creation of Insular Police
Force "An Act Providing for the organization and
Government of an Insular Constabulary and for the
inspection of the municipal police". (July 18, 1901)
General Henry T. Alien was designated as Chief
of Constabulary on August 8, 1901.
July 31, 1901 – Manila Police Department was
formally organized by virtue of ACT NO. 183 by the
Philippine Commission.
Oct 3, 1901 - Insular Constabulary was renamed
to Philippine Constabulary.
Brig. General Rafael Crame - was designated as
the first Filipino Chief of Phil. Constabulary
1935 - Creation of the Philippine Army, ended the
PC as Insular Police Force.
1936 - PC was placed under the Chief of Staff of
Phil. Army until it was dissolved.
Commonwealth Act No.88 - October 26, 1936.
Creation of State Police (Consolidation of Municipal/city
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police force & provincial guards) who were entrusted with
the insular police duties of the defunct Philippine
Constabulary and were put under the supervision of
Department of Interior.
1938 – PC was reactivated and placed under the
Department of Interior
December 8, 1941 – Japanese bombing of Pearl
Harbor signaled the beginning of World War 2
April 9, 1942 - Surrender of the Bataan, Fil-
American troops with the Japanese High Command.
Beginning of Death March, PC members sprang and
became guerillas. The Japanese organized there own
version of Philippine Constabulary which they called
Bureau of Constabulary.
RA 4864 – Police Act of 1966, “An act creating
the Police Commission”, amending and revising the laws
relating to the Local Police System and for other
purposes”. This act was approved on Sept 8, 1966. This
act created the Police Commission under the Office of the
President which later became the National Police
Commission.
September 21, 1972 – Martial Law “Proclamation
1081”
Article XV, Section 12, 1973 Constitution - “The
State shall establish and maintain an Integrated National
Police Force whose organization, administration and
operation shall be provided by law”.
PD 765 - August 8, 1975 – entitled “providing for
the Constitution of the Integrated National Police and for
other purposes”.
Section 1. There is hereby established and
constituted the Integrated National Police which shall be
composed of the Philippine Constabulary as the Nucleus,
and the Integrated Police Forces as components, under
the Department of National Defense. The Head of the
INP was the Director General; who at the same time the
Chief of the Constabulary thereby the PC remained and
continued to be a major branch of service of the AFP.
Article XVI, Sec 6, 1987 Constitution – “The state
shall establish and maintain one police force which shall
be national in scope and civilian in character, to be
administered and controlled by a National Police
Commission. The authority of local executives over the
police units in their jurisdiction shall be provided for by
law”. (Aquino Administration)
RA 6975 – Dec 13, 1990 “An act establishing the
PNP under the reorganized Department of Interior and
Local Government, and for other purposes”.
The principal authors of the Republic Act 6975
were Senators Ernesto Maceda and Aquilino Pimentel,
Congressmen Jose Cojuangco Jr and Rodrigo Gutang.
They moved for the PNP's creation to professionalize the
police force and make it susceptible to the plight of the
general public.
PDGEN CESAR P NAZARENO – 1st Director
General of the PNP (Jan 29, 1991)
PDDG RAUL S IMPERIAL – 2nd Chief, PNP
(1992) / Ramos Administration
PDDG Umberto Rodriguez – 3rd Chief, PNP
(1993)
PDDG Recaredo A Sarmiento II – POLICE 2000,
July 8, 1994 (Ramos Administration)
• "OPLAN PAGLALANSAG" in answer to
the President's call to dismantle all
existing private armed groups throughout
the archipelago
• "OPLAN PAGBABAGO" as the
organization's way of religiously
cleansing its force of misguided
elements.
RA 8551 – Feb 25, 1998 “The Philippine National Police
Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998”.
PNP Motto
WE SERVE AND PROTECT
Our Core Values
SERVICE HONOR JUSTICE
PNP Constitutional Basis
Section 4, Article II of the 1987 Constitution
provides that, "... it is the policy of the State to promote
peace and order, ensure public safety and further
strengthen local government capability aimed towards the
effective delivery of basic services for the citizenry
through the establishment of a highly and competent
police force that is national in scope and civilian in
character".
PNP Functions (Section 24, RA 6975)
1. Statutory Power of the Police, such as:
1. To enforce the laws and ordinances relative to
the protection of lives and properties;
2. To maintain peace and order and take all the
necessary steps to ensure public safety;
3. To investigate and prevent crime , effect the
arrest of criminal offenders, bring offenders to
justice and assist in their prosecution;
4. To detain an arrested person for a period not
beyond what is prescribed by law, informing the
person so detained of all his rights under the
constitution;
5. To exercise the general powers to make arrest,
search and seizure and pertinent laws.
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2. Licensing, Supervisory and Control, and Training, such
as:
1. To issue licenses for the possession of firearms
and explosives in accordance with law; and
2. Supervise and control the training and operations
of security agencies and issue license to operate
security agencies, and to security guards and
private detectives for the practice of their
profession;
3. To train students taking up their baccalaureate,
vocational or technical courses in undergoing
Law Enforcement Service Program in compliance
of the National Service Law.
3. Deputized Statutory Power of the Police, that is, to
perform such other duties and exercise all other
functions as maybe provided by law:
1. To enforce election laws during the conduct of
election;
2. To enforce laws involving agriculture,
environment and natural resources;
3. To enforce laws involving land transportation;
PNP Seal Symbolism
Lapu-Lapu Hero - The
great Filipino hero of Mactan,
the prototype of the best and
most noble in Filipino manhood
who is the symbol and
embodiment of all the genuine
attributes of leadership,
courage, nationalism, self-
reliance and a people-based and people powered
community defense. The benevolent and heroic warrior
who derived added strength from a cohesive, determined
and loyal people is today a fitting symbol and a prototype
as well of people power to preserve our values, customs,
traditions, way of life and the rule of law thru a solidly
community-based police system. Lapu-Lapu also
personifies for us today civilian constitutional authority.
Laurel - Green Laurel with 14 leaves, symbolizes
the 14 Regional Commands. It is also a symbol of the
honor, dignity and the privilege of being a member of a
noble organization where the call to public service is par
excellence a commitment to public trust.
Shield - The symbol of the Philippine
Constabulary, the first National Police by virtue of
Organic Act No. 175, enacted by the Philippine
Commission on 18 July 1901.
Three Stars - Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao and
the 1,700 islands and the territorial integrity wherein the
National Police must enforce the law and maintain peace
and order with professionalism, zeal and dedication in
keeping with the highest ideals and traditions of service to
our country and people.
Service • Honor • Justice - Added distinct ideals
for the officers, men and women of the PNP to insure
efficiency, integrity, cohesiveness, camaraderie and
equanimity to enhance community acceptance and
support to attain its mission of peace keeping and law
enforcement.
Sun - Symbolize the flowering, maturing and
ultimate realization of the glorious evolution of the PC/INP
into a National Police Organization - "national in scope
and civilian in character" - as enshrined in the 1986
Constitution. The Traditional light rays which represents
the fightingest provinces whose ideals of courage and
patriotism the members of the National Police must
possess.
PNP Badge Symbolism
Philippine Monkey Eating Eagle The National
Bird - symbol of swiftness and ferocity, power, courage
and immortality.
PNP Shield - Symbol of
protection of all citizens.
Three Stars - Stands for Luzon,
Visayas and Mindanao which
constitute the Republic's
Territorial Integrity over which the
PNP must enforce the law and maintain peace and order
with professionalism, zeal and dedication in keeping with
the highest ideals and traditions of service to God,
Country and People.
Eight Sun Rays - Represents the eight (8)
provinces whose ideals of courage, gallantry patriotism
led to their revolt against Spain.
Lapu-Lapu - Symbolizes the bravery of the
Philippine National Police.
Service, Honor, Justice - Service is the vibrant
and cogent deeds and actions in response to the needs
and wants of the people in distress: Honor could be the
overriding criterion and consideration in the performance
of their entrusted task or mission: and Justice dispensed
to everyone whatever is due to him without favoritism or
discrimination of any sort.
Laurel Leaves - Symbolizes the competency,
brilliance and honor in the field of endeavor expected
from each and every member of the PNP.
POLICE ORGANIZATION
Sec 25, R.A. 6975 Organization – The PNP
shall be headed by a Chief who shall be assisted by two
(2) deputy chief, one (1) for operations and one (1) for
administration, both of whom shall be appointed by the
President upon recommendation of the Commission from
among the most senior and qualified officers in the
service: Provided, however, That in no case shall any
officer who has retired or is retirable within six (6) months
from his compulsory retirement age be appointed as
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Chief of the PNP. The PNP shall be composed of a
national office, regional offices, provincial offices, district
offices, city or municipal stations.
PNP National Office – Camp Crame, Quezon City.
PNP Regional office shall be headed by a regional
director.
PNP Provincial Offices shall be headed by a provincial
director. In the case of large provinces, police districts
may be established by the Commission to be headed by
a district director.
City or municipal level, there shall be a PNP station, each
headed by a chief of police.
THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL
GOVERNMENT (DILG)
- formerly Department of Local Government
(DLG)
- reorganized under RA 6975
- consist of a Chairperson, four (4) regular
Commissioners and the Chief of PNP as
ex officio member
- shall serve a term of office of six (6) years
without reappointment or extension
- three of the four regular commissioners shall
come from civilian sector and not former
members of the police or military
- the fourth regular commissioner shall come
from the law enforcement sector either active
or retired
- at least one (1) of the four regular
commissioners shall be a woman
- from among the three regular commissioners
from the civilian sector, the Vice
Chairperson shall be chosen
- the Vice Chairperson shall act as the
Executive Officer of the Commission
- refer to the organizational structure of the
NAPOLCOM

ORGANIZATION: QUALIFICATIONS OF THE REGULAR

- consist of: COMMISSIONERS
a) the Department proper - citizens of the Philippines
b) existing bureaus and offices of the DLG - lawyers with at least five (5) years
c) local government units (LGU) experience in handling criminal or human
1) provincial governors rights cases; or
2) city and municipal mayors - holders of a master’s degree in public
d) the National Police Commission administration, sociology, criminology,
e) the Philippine Public Safety College criminal justice, law enforcement and other
f) Philippine National Police related disciplines
g) Bureau of Fire Protection
h) Bureau of Jail Management and ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Penology - composed of:
a) Commission Proper
- the PPSC, PNP, BFP and BJMP were created b) Staff Services
under RA 6975 1) Planning and Research
- headed by the Secretary to be appointed by the 2) Legal Affairs
President and who shall serve at the pleasure 3) Crime Prevention and Coordination
of the President 4) Personnel and Administrative
- the Secretary shall be assisted by two (2) Service
Undersecretaries and three (3) Assistant 5) Inspection, Monitoring and
Secretaries Investigation
- Undersecretary for Local Government 6) Installations and Logistics
- Undersecretary for Peace and Order 7) Financial Service
- No retired or resigned military officer or police c) Disciplinary Appellate Boards
official may be appointed as Secretary within one 1) National Appellate Board
(1) year from date of retirement or resignation ▪ shall decide cases on appeal
- the Secretary is also the ex officio chairman of from the decisions rendered by
the National Police Commission the Chief, PNP
- refer to the organizational chart of DILG 2) Regional Appellate Board
▪ shall decide cases on appeal
NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION from decisions rendered by the
- an agency attached to the DILG for policy mayor, PLEB, and PNP officers
coordination other than the Chief, PNP
- shall exercise administrative control and
operational supervision over the PNP REPUBLIC ACT No. 8551

COMPOSITION:
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 An Act Providing For The Reform And
Reorganization Of The Philippine National Police And For
Other Purposes, Amending Certain Provisions Of
Republic Act Numbered Sixty-Nine Hundred And
Seventy-Five Entitled, "An Act Establishing The Philippine
National Police Under A Re-Organized Department Of
The Interior And Local Government, And For Other
Purposes"
Relationship of the Department with the Department
of National Defense
The DILG shall be relieved of the primary
responsibility on matters involving the suppression of
insurgency and other serious threats to national security.
The PNP shall, through information gathering and
performance of its ordinary police functions, support the
AFP on matters involving suppression of insurgency. (In
EO 546 the PNP was directed by the President to take
active part on the suppression of insurgency)
General Qualifications for Appointment in the PNP
a) A citizen of the Philippines;
b) A person of good moral conduct;
c) Must have passed the
psychiatric/psychological, drug and physical tests to be
administered by the PNP or by any NAPOLCOM
accredited government hospital for the purpose of
determining physical and mental health;
d) Must possess a formal baccalaureate degree
from a recognized institution of learning;
e) Must be eligible in accordance with the
standards set by the Commission;
f) Must not have been dishonorably discharged
from military employment or dismissed for cause from
any civilian position in the Government;
g) Must not have been convicted by final
judgment of an offense or crime involving moral
turpitude;
h) Must be at least one meter and sixty-two
centimeters (1.62 m) in height for male and one meter
and fifty-seven centimeters (1.57 m.) for female;
i) Must weigh not more or less than five
kilograms (5 kgs.) from the standard weight
corresponding to his or her height, age, and sex; and
j) For a new applicant, must not be less than
twenty-one (21) nor more than thirty (30) years of age:
except for the last qualification, the above-enumerated
qualifications shall be continuing in character and an
absence of any one of them at any given time shall be a
ground for separation or retirement from the service:
Provided, That PNP members who are already in the
service upon the effectivity of this Act shall be given at
least two (2) more years to obtain the minimum
educational qualification and one (1) year to satisfy the
weight requirement.
APPOINTMENT UNDER A WAIVER PROGRAM
(NAPOLCOM MC No. 2013-004)
1). Conditions on waivers for initial appointment to the
PNP
a. The age, height and weight for initial appointment
to the PNP may be waived only when the number
of qualified applicants falls below the approved
national/regional quota.
b. Waiver of the age requirement may be granted
provided that the applicant shall not be less than
twenty (20) nor more than thirty five (35) years of
age. For purposes of this paragraph, one is
considered to be not over thirty five (35) years
old if he or she has not yet reached his or her
thirty six (36th) birthday on the date of the
issuance of his or her appointment.
c. Waiver of the height requirement may be granted
to a male applicant who is at least 1 meter and
57 cm (1.57m) and to a female applicant who is
at least 1 meter and 52cm (1.52m). Provided,
that the minimum height requirement for
applicants who belong to indigenous group duly
certified by the National Commission on Muslim
Filipinos (NCMF) or the National Commission on
Indigenous People (NCIP) shall be 1.52m for
male and 1.45m for female. Provided further, that
the Commission shall require said applicants to
submit appropriate proof of their membership in a
certain indigenous group.
d. An applicant who is granted a weight waiver shall
be given reasonable time not exceeding six (6)
months within which to comply with the said
requirement.
e. The grant of waiver is not a guarantee for
appointment into the police service.
f. The PNP Screening Committee shall, through the
Chief of the PNP, request the Commission to
consider the appointment of those applicants with
a certification under oath that the qualified
applicants, at the time the applicant is being
considered, fall below the office/unit quota
concerned.
Factors to be Considered in the Grant of Waivers
a. Possession of special skills in evidence gathering
and safekeeping, cyber crime investigation,
detection and prevention, crime scene
investigation, martial arts, marksmanship and
similar special skills;
8
 b. Special talents in the field of sports, music or arts 6). Doctor of Medicine
and culture; 7). Member of the Philippine Bar
8). Chaplain
c. Extensive experience or training in forensic 9). Information Technologist
science and other legal, medical and technical 10). Pilot
services; and 11). Psychologist
b). Graduate of PNPA
d. Outstanding academic records and c). Licensed Criminologist
extracurricular activities of applicant during
his/her school days, good family background in Top priority consideration for lateral entry into the
law enforcement or socio-civic activities, rank of Police Inspector shall be given to top ten (10)
recognized social standing in the community, placers of the different Licensure Examinations. However,
awards and commendations received, which incumbent PNP members who land in the top ten shall be
should indicate to the Commission En Banc that given first preference over the civilian provided that the
the applicant can become a good member of the qualifications are satisfied.
Philippine National Police The maximum age of PNP members applicants
through lateral entry shall be forty six (46) years old at the
Selection Criteria under the waiver program time of appointment. Age waivers shall not be allowed.
1. Applicants who possess the least ORGANIZATION and COMPOSITION OF THE PNP
disqualifications shall take precedence over - shall be headed by a Chief who shall be
those who possess more disqualifications. assisted by two (2) deputy chiefs:
2. The requirement shall be waived in the following 1) Deputy Chief for Administration
order: 2) Deputy Chief for Operations
- the Chief PNP and the two (2) deputy chiefs
1. Age shall be appointed by the President
2. Height - no officer who is retirable within six (6)
3. Weight months shall be appointed Chief
- the PNP shall be composed of a national
NOTE: Use the acronym AHW (age, height and office, regional offices, provincial offices,
weight) district offices, and city or municipal stations
LATERAL ENTRY OF OFFICERS INTO THE PNP
1). In general, all original appointments of commissioned CAMP RAFAEL CRAME
officers in the PNP shall commence with the rank of - the national headquarters of the Philippine
inspector, to include all those with highly technical National Police, located in Quezon City
qualifications applying for the PNP technical services - houses the offices of the following:
(R.A. 6975). a) Chief, PNP
a). Senior Inspector b) two (2) deputy chiefs
1). Chaplain; c) Chief, Directorial Staff
2). Member of the Bar; d) Directorial Staff
3). Doctor of Medicine e) National Administrative Support Units
b). Inspector f) National Operational Support Units
1). Dentist
2) Optometrists
3) Nurses PNP Directorial Staff
4) Engineers The head of the PNP Directorial Staff is The
5) Graduates of forensic science Chief Directorial Staff (TCDS) with the rank of Deputy
6) Graduates of Philippine National Director General. The PNP is composed of twelve (12)
Police Academy Directorates headed by a Police Director with a position
Licensed criminologists may be appointed to the title of Director of the Directorial Staff.
rank of inspector to fill up any vacancy after promotions The PNP Directorial Staff is composed of the
from the ranks are completed. following:
New policy on LATERAL ENTRY (NAPOLOCM M.C
2008-006) 1. Directorate for Personnel and Records Management;
a). A person with highly technical qualifications 2. Directorate for Intelligence;
such as: 3. Directorate for Operations;
1). Dentist 4. Directorate for Logistics;
2). Optometrist 5. Directorate for Integrated Police Operations
3). Nurse 6. Directorate for Plans
4) Engineer 7. Directorate for Comptrollership
5). Graduate of Forensic Science 8. Directorate for Police Community Relations
9
9. Directorate for Investigation and Detective
Management
10. Directorate for Research and Development
11. Directorate for Information and Communication
Technology Management.
12. Directorate for Human Resource and Doctrine
Development
THE PNP SUPPORT UNITS
The PNP is composed of various National
Support Units (NSU’s): the Administrative Support Units
and the Operational Support Units. The head of each
Administrative and Operational Support Units has the
rank of Chief Superintendent.
NATIONAL ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT UNITS
The Regional Offices is composed of PRO 1 to
PRO 13, NCRPO, CAR and ARMM
THE NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION POLICE
OFFICE (NCRPO)
The National Capital Region Police Office
(NCRPO) is one of the Police Regional Offices of the
PNP. The NCRPO is headed by an NCR Director with the
rank of Police Director. The NCRPO is divided into five
(5) District Offices, each headed by a District Director
with the rank of Chief Superintendent.
The five (5) district offices of the NCRPO are the
following:

1. Logistics Support Service (LSS) 1. Manila Police District (MPD) - formerly known
2. Information Technology Management Service as Western Police District. Located in the City of
(ITMS) Manila. It is popularly known as the Manila’s
3. Finance Service (FS) Finest.
4. Health Service (HS)
5. Communications and Electronic Service 2. Eastern Police District (EPD) – covers
(COMMEL) Marikina, Pasig, San Juan and Mandaluyong,
6. Chaplain Service (CS)
7. Legal Service (LS) 3. Northern Police District (NPD) – has jurisdiction
8. Headquarters Support Service (HSS) over the cities of Caloocan, Malabon, Navotas,
9. Engineering Service (ES) and Valenzuela.
10. Training Service (TS)
11. Personnel and Retirement Benefits Service 4. Central Police District (CPD) – formerly known
(PRBS) as Quezon City Police District. Located in
Quezon City.
NATIONAL OPERATIONAL SUPPORT UNITS
(NOSU) 5. Southern Police District (SPD) – covers the
cities of Pasay, Makati, Paranaque, Las Pinas,
1. Maritime Group Muntinlupa, Taguig and Pateros.
2. Intelligence Group
3. Police Security and Protection Group PROVINCIAL POLICE OFFICES
4. Criminal Investigation and Detection Group - for every region, there are provincial offices,
5. Special Action Force each headed by a Provincial Director
6. Civil Security Group - in large provinces, police districts may be
7. Aviation Security Group established to be headed by a District
8. Highway Patrol Group Director
9. Crime Laboratory Group - at the city or municipal levels or stations,
10. Police Community Relations Group each is headed by a Chief of Police
11. Anti-Kidnapping Group
12. Anti-Cybercrime Group THE CITY OR MUNICIPAL POLICE STATIONS
At the city or municipal level, there is a PNP
station, each headed by a Chief of Police.

POLICE REGIONAL OFFICES CLASSIFICATION OF POLICE OFFICE

At the regional level, the PNP is composed of 1. Components Cities

seventeen (17) Police Regional Offices. a. Type “A” for cities with population ranging from
100,000 and above
Each Police Regional Office (PRO) is headed by b. Type “B” for cities with population ranging from
a Regional Director with the rank of Chief Superintendent, 75, 000 to less than 100,000
except in the National Capital Region Police Office c. Type “C” for cities with less than 75,000
(NCRPO) where the NCR Director has the rank of Police population
Director. 2. Municipalities
10
 a. Type “A” for those with population ranging
75,000 or more Appointment of PNP Officers and Members
b. Type “B” for those population ranging from
30,000 to less than 75,000 (a) Police Officer I to Senior Police Officer IV –
c. Type “C” for those population less than 30,000 Appointed by the Regional Director and attested by the
Civil Service Commission.
MANNING LEVELS (POLICE-TO-POPULATION RATIO) (b) Inspector to Superintendent. – Appointed by the
Chief, PNP
1:500 – nationwide average (c) Senior Superintendent to Deputy Director General.
1:1000 – minimum police-to-population ratio – Appointed by the President upon recommendation of
the chief of the PNP, with proper endorsement by the
Chairman of the Civil Service Commission and subject to
confirmation by the Commission on Appointments; and
(d) Director General. – Appointed by the President from
among the senior officers down to the rank of chief
STATUS OF THE MEMBERS OF THE PNP superintendent in the service, subject to confirmation by
the Commission on Appointments.
- police officers are employees of the
national government and shall draw their ATTRITION SYSTEM FOR UNIFORMED PERSONNEL
salaries from the national budget
- they shall have the same salary grade level . Attrition by Attainment of Maximum Tenure in
as that of public school teachers police Position
officers assigned in Metro Manila, chartered
cities and first class municipalities may be Chief, PNP down to Directorial Staff
paid financial incentives by the local - 4 yrs
government unit concerned subject to Regional Directors
availability of funds - 6 yrs
Provincial/City Directors - 9 yrs
Retirement age - 56 yrs
PNP NEW RANK CLASSIFICATION AND ITS of age
COUNTERPART IN THE MILITARY
Attrition by Relief
NEW EQUIVALENT • A PNP member who has been relived for just
OLD RANK CLASSIFICATION TO MILITARY cause and has not been given an assignment
(RA 11200) within 2 years such relief shall be retired or
PO1 PATROLMAN PVT separated, as the case may be.
PO2 P/CORPORAL PFC Attrition by Demotion in position or Rank
PO3 P/ STAFF CORPORAL Any PNP personnel (NUP/UP) who is relieved
SERGEANT
and reassigned to a position lower than is established for
SPO1 P/MASTER SERGEANT
SERGEANT his grade in the PNP staffing pattern and who shall not be
SPO2 P/SENIOR MASTER STAFF assigned to commensurate to his grade within 18 months
SEGEANT SERGEANT after such demotion in position shall be retired or
SPO3 P/CHIEF MASTER TECHNICAL separated.
SERGEANT SERGEANT Attrition by Non – promotion
SPO4 P/EXECUTIVE MASTER • Any PNP personnel who has not been promoted
MASTER SERGEANT for a continuous period of 10 years shall be
SERGEANT retired or separated.
INSPECTOR P/LIEUTENANT LEITENANT
SR. INSPECTOR P/CAPTAIN CAPTRAIN Attrition by other means
C, INSPECTOR P/MAJOR MAJOR PNP personnel with at least 5 years of
SUPERINTENDENT P/LT. COLONEL LT. COL accumulated active service shall be separated based on
SR. SUPT. P/COLONEL COLONEL the following factors:
C, SUPT. P/B.GENERAL B/ GEN
Poor performance during the last 2 successive
DIRECTOR P/MAJ. GENERAL MAJ. GEN
annual rating periods.
DEPUTY DIRECTOR P/LT. GENERAL LT. GEN
GENERAL Poor performance for 3 cumulative annual rating
DIRECTOR P/GENERAL GENERAL periods.
GENERAL Physical and/ or mental incapacity to perform
police duties

11
 Failure to pass the required entrance exam twice
and or finish the required career course
THE PNP PROMOTION SYSTEM
Promotion is defined as the upward movement
from one classification or rank to another carrying higher
benefits and more responsibility. It is the upgrading of
ranks and/or advancement to a position of leadership.
KINDS OF PROMOTION
1. Regular Promotion
2. Special/ Meritorious/Spot Promotion
3. Promotion by virtue of position
A. Regular Promotion - promotion granted to police
officers meeting the mandatory requirements for
promotion.
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR PROMOTION
1. Educational attainment (NAPOLCOM Resolution No.
2011-196 dated July 6, 2011)
For Police Sr. Supt. to Director General
a. Masters in Public Safety Administration (MPSA)
b. Allied Master’s Degree
For Chief Inspector to Superintendent
a. Bachelor’s Degree preferably Master’s Degree
For POI to Sr. Inspector
a. Bachelor’s Degree
2. Completion of appropriate training/schooling, such
as:
Officers Senior Executive Course (OSEC) / General
Staff Course (GSC)
Officers Advance Course (OAC)
Officers Basic Course (OBC)
Officers Candidate Course (OCC)
Senior Leadership Course (SLC)
Junior Leadership Course (JLC)
Public Safety Basic Recruit Course (PSBRC)
3. Time-in Grade – the number of years required for a
police officer to hold a certain rank before he can be
promoted to the next higher rank. The time-in grade in the
PNP is maintained as follows (NAPOLCOM Resolution #
2013-501):
2 years – from Sr Supt to Chief Supt.
3 years – from Supt to Sr Supt
3 years – Chief Insp to Supt
3 years – Sr Insp to Chief Insp
3 years – Insp to Sr Insp
3 years – SPO4 to Insp
2 years – SPO3 to SPO4
2 years – SPO2 to SPO3
2 years – SPO1 to SPO2
3 years – PO3 to SPO1
2 year – PO2 to PO3
2 years – PO1 to PO2
4. Appropriate eligibility – the required promotional
examinations
a. Police Officer Promotional Examination
b. Senior Police Officer Promotional
Examination
c. Police Inspector Promotional Examination
d. Police Superintendent Promotional
Examination
Except for the Chief, PNP, no PNP member who
has less than one (1) year of service before reaching the
compulsory retirement age shall be promoted to a higher
rank or appointed to any other position.
Pursuant to RA 9708, “…In addition, the
institution of a criminal action or complaint against a
police officer shall not be a bar to promotion:
Provided, however, That upon finding of probable cause,
notwithstanding any challenge that may be raised against
that finding thereafter, the concerned police officer shall
be ineligible for promotion: Provided, further, That if the
case remains unresolved after two (2) years from the
aforementioned determination of probable cause, he
or she shall be considered for promotion. In the event
he or she is held guilty of the crime by final judgment,
said promotion shall be recalled without prejudice to the
imposition of the appropriate penalties under applicable
laws, rules and regulations:
-Provided, furthermore, That if the complaint filed
against the police officer is for a crime including, but not
limited to, a violation of human rights, punishable by
reclusion perpetua or life imprisonment, and the court
has determined that the evidence of guilt is strong, said
police officer shall be completely ineligible for
promotion during the pendency of the said criminal
case.”
B. Special Promotion – promotion granted to police
officers who have exhibited acts of conspicuous courage
and gallantry at the risk of his/her life above and beyond
the call of duty.
Conspicuous courage is a courage that is clearly
distinguished above others in the performance of one’s
duty.
ACTS OF CONSPICUOUS COURAGE AND
GALLANTRY (NAPOLCOM Memorandum Circular No.
2007-003 and PNP Memorandum Circular No. 2009-019)
1. A deed of personal bravery and self sacrifice above
and beyond the call of duty, so conspicuous as to
distinguish the act clearly over and above his/her
comrades in the performance of more than ordinary
hazardous service, such as; but not limited to the
following circumstances:
a. Overwhelming number of enemies and firepower
capability as against the strength of PNP
operatives and their firepower capability;
b.Infiltration and penetration of the safehouses and
hideouts of organized crime syndicates like
12
 kidnapping, illegal drugs, carnapping, hijacking
and terrorism;
c. Shoot-out in robbery/hold-up incidents inside
public places such as: malls, government
offices, business establishments and PUVs;
d.Conduct of rescue/disaster operations that
resulted in the saving of lives and properties.
2. An act of heroism exhibited in the face of an armed
enemy or in the conduct of rescue/disaster operations
resulting in the loss of life (posthumous promotions).
Posthumous Award – in case an individual who
distinguish himself dies before the granting of the awards.
C. PROMOTION BY VIRTUE OF POSITION (Section 32,
R.A. 8551)
Any PNP personnel designated to any key
position whose rank is lower than that which is
required for such position shall, after six (6) months of
occupying the same, be entitled to a rank adjustment
corresponding to the position.
Provided, that the personnel shall not be
reassigned to a position calling for a higher rank until
after two (2) years from the date of such rank adjustment.
WELFARE AND BENEFITS
A. Awards; Declaration and Citation Badges
The National Police Commission issued the following
rules and regulations in furtherance Sec. 14. (m), and
Sec. 69. R.A 6975 (DILG Act of 1990) for awards and
medals of Honor for PNP uniformed personnel.
Policy — it is hereby established as a policy in the
Police Organization to confer awards, decorations and
citation badges to all members of the PNP and other
individuals who shall qualify, in order to give due
recognition to outstanding performance of police
functions and activities (Sec 1, NAPOLCOM MC# 93-
018).
Authorized Decorations. Service Medals, Ribbons
and Badges of the Philippine National Police are the
following: (Sec. 2, NAPOLCOM MC #93-012)
1. Medalya ng Kagitingan (PNP Medal of Valor)
2. Medalya ng Kabayanilian (PNP Distinguished
Conduct Medal)
3. Medalya ng Katapatan sa Paglilingkod (PNP
Distinguished Service Medal)
4. Mëdalyang Katapangan (PNP Bravery Medal)
5. Medalya ng }çatangitanging Gawa (PNP
Outstanding Achievement Medal)
6. Medalya ng Pambiliirang Paglilingkod (PNP
Special Service Medal)
7. Medalya ng Kadakilaan (PNP Heroism Medal)
8. Medalya ug Katangitanging Asal (PNP
outstanding Conduct Medal)
9. Medalyang Kagalingan (PNP Medal of Merit)
10. Medalya ng Kasaaayan (PNP Efficiency Medal)
11. Medalya ng Papuri (PNP Commendation
Medal)
12. Medalya ng Sugatang Magiting (PNP Wounded
Personnel Medal)
13. Medalya rig Ugnayang Pampullsya (Police
Relations Medal)
14. Mectalyang Mabuting Asal (PNP Good
Conduct Medal)
15. Meclalyang Paglilingkod (PNP Service Medal)
16. Medalya ng Paglaban sa Manliligalig (Ami-
Dissidence Medal)
17. Medalya ng Pagtulong sa Nasalanta (PNP
Disaster Relief and Rehabilitation Medal)
18. Tsapa sa Natatanging Yunit (PNP Unit Citation
Badge)
19. Medalya n Paglilingkod sa Luzon PNP Luzon
Campaign
20. Medalya ng Paglilingkod sa Visayas (Visayas
Campaign Medal)
21. Medalya rig Paglilingkod sa Mindanao
(Mindanao Campaign Medal)
22. Mga Tsapa ng Kwalipikasyon (PM>
Qualification Badges)
Persons Authorized to Grant an Award or Decoration
1. Medalya ng Kagitingan (PNP Medal of Valor) shall be
awarded only by the President of the Philippines.
2. The Medalya ng Kabayanihan and Medalya ng
Katapatan sa Paglilingkod shall be awarded by the
Secretary of the Interior and Local Government.
3. The Medalya ng Katapangan, Medalya ng
Katangitanging Gawa Medalya ng Pambthirang
Paglilingkod and tsapa ng Natatanging Yunit shall be
awarded by the chief, Philippine National Police.
4. The Medalya ng Kadakilaan, Medalya ng
Katangitanging Asal, Medalya ng Kagalingan,
Medalya ng Kasanayan, Medalya ng Papuri, Medalya
ng Sugatang Magiting, Medlaya ng Ugnayang
Pampulisya,
Medalya ng Mabuting Asal, Medalya ng Paglilingkod
sa Luzon, Medalya ng Pagtulong sa Nasalanta,
Medalya ng Paglilingkod sa Visayas, Medalya ng
Paglilinglcod sa Mindañao are awarded by the Chief.
PNP, Directors of the Regional Commands and
Directors of National Service Support Units.
5. Authority for the awarding of the PNP Qualification
Badges shall be in accordance with the governing
circulars. (Sec. 7, NAPOLCOM MC # 93-018)
Incentives and Award
Aside from medals and ribbons, corresponding
incentives shall be given for specific awards, subject to
availability of funds are as follows:
1. Medalyang Kagitingan (PNP Medal of Valor)
a. Scholarship of all qualified children at PNPA
b. P 1,000.00 cash
c. Parade Honor at GHQ PNP and HRECOMs
2. Medalya ng Kabayanihan (PEP Dstingushed Conduct
Medal)
13
 a. Scholarship of one (1) dependent at
PNPA
b. P900.00 cash
3. Medalya ng Katapatan sa Paglihingkod (PNP
Distinguished Service Medal)
a. Cash of P500.00
4. Medalyang Katapangan (PNP Bravery Medal)
a. Cash of P400.00
5. Medalya ng Katangitanging Gawa (PNP Outstanding
Achievement Medal)
a. Tour of two (2) of RECOM Hq’s and Parade
Honors at. GHQPNP
6. Medalya ng Kaclakitaan (PNP Heroism Medal) Cash
of P400.00
7. Medalya ng Katangitanging Asal (PNP Outstanding
Conduct Medal) One-week service credits
8. Medalyang Kagalingan (PNP Merit Medal)
1. Cash of P200.00
2. Service credit for one (1) day
9. Medalyang Kasanayan (PNP Efficiency Medal) Leave
credit for four (4) days
10. Medalyang Papuri (PNP Commendation Medal)
Leave credit for three (3) days
11. Medalya ng Sugatang Magiting (PNP Wounded
Personnel Medal)
1. 40000 cash
2. Leave credit of five (5) days
12. Medalya ng Ugnayan Pampulisya (Police Relation
Medal) Leave credit for three (3) days
13. Medalya ng Mabuting Asal (PNP Good Conduct
Medal) Leave credit for three (3) days
14. Medalya ng Paglilingkod (PNP Service Medal)
Service credit for three (3) days
RETIREMENT
- the separation of the police personnel from
the service by reason of reaching the age of
retirement provided by law, or upon
completion of certain number of years in
active service.
A PNP uniformed personnel shall retire to the
next higher rank for purposes of retirement pay.
KINDS OF RETIREMENT
1. Compulsory Retirement — When a uniformed PNP
member officer and non-officer upon reaching age
fifty-six (56): Provided, that in case of officer with a
rank of Chief Superintendent to Deputy Director
General, the commission may allow his retention in
the service for one (1) year without extension7 (Sec.
39, RA 6975)
2. Optional Retirement - Upon accumulation of at least
twenty (20) years of satisfactory service an officer or
non-officer, at his own request and with the approval
of the commission shall be retired from the service
and entitled to receive benefits as provided by law
(Sec. 40,RA 6975)
3. Early Retirement Program — Any PNP officer and
non commissioned officer may retire and be paid
separation benefits corresponding to a position two
(2) ranks higher than his or her rank subject to the
following conditions:
a. That at the time he or she applies for retirement,
he or she has already rendered at least ten (10)
years of continuous government service.
b. That applicant is not scheduled for separation or
retirement from the service due attrition system
or separation for cause.
c. That he or she has no pending administrative or
criminal case, and
d. He or she has at least three (3) more years in the
service, before reaching the compulsory
retirement age and at least: a year before his or
her maximum tenure in position.
4. Retirement in the Next Higher
Grade — Uniformed personnel covered under this
Act shall for purpose of retirement pay, be retired in
one (1) grade higher than the permanent grade last
held Provided, that they have served for at least one
(1) year active service in the present grade. (Sec. 74,
RA 6975)
ACTIVE SERVICE
Refers to services render as an officer or non-
officer, cadet trainee or draftee in the PNP, Fire or Jail
Force or in the municipal police prior to the Integration of
the PC/INP or in the AFP, and services rendered as a
civilian official or employee in the Philippine Government
prior to the date of separation or retirement who has
rendered at least ten (10) years of active shall be credited
for purpose of longevity pay Provided, that for cadet
service the maximum number of service to be credited
shall not exceed the duration of the commisionship
course specific in the curriculum.
BENEFITS
1. Retirement Benefits — Monthly retirement pay shall
be fifty percent (50%) of the base pay and longevity
pay of the retired grade in case of twenty (2.0) years
of active service, increasing by two and one-half
14
 percent (2.5%) for every year of active service
rendered beyond twenty (20) years to a maximum of
ninety percent (90%) for thirty-six (36) years of active
service and over: Provided, further, that payment of
the retirement benefits in lump sum shall be made
within six (6) months from effective date of retirement
and/or completion; Provided, finally, that retirement
pay of the officer and non-officer of the PNP shall be
subject to adjustments based on the prevailing scale
of base pay of police personnel in the active service
(Sec. 34, RA 8551)
2. Permanent Physical Disability an Officer or non-
officer who is permanently and totally disabled as a
result of injuries suffer or sickness contacted in the
performance of his duty duly certified by National
Police Commission, upon finding and certification by
the appropriate medical officer, that the extent of the
disability or sickness renders such member unfit or
unable to further perform the duties of his position,
shall be :ntit1ett to one year’s salary and to lifetime
pension equivalent to eighty percent (80%) of his last
salary, in addition to other benefits as provided under
existing laws.
Should such member who has been retired under
permanent total disability under this section die within
five (5) years from his retirement, his surviving legal
spouse or if there be none, the surviving dependent
legitimate children shall be entitled to the pension for
the remainder of the five (5) years guarantee period.”
(Sec. 34, RA8551)
3. Uniformed Personnel Missing in Action — Any
uniformed personnel who while in the performance of
duty or by reason of his being a officer or member of
the PNP, is officially confirmed missing in action,
kidnapped of captured by lawless elements shall,
while absent, be entitled to receive or to have
accredited to his account the same pay and
allowances to incident; Provided, that the compulsory
retirement of a person missing in action shall be
processed to allow the members of the next kin to
enjoy the retirement benefits Provided, further that
should the Chief of PNP as the case may be upon
the recommendation of the proper authority and/or
immediate supervisor, subsequently determined that
the officer or uniformed member or his heirs shall
reimburse all such amount and allowances received
by him: (Sec. 86, PA 6975)
4. Payment of Salary and Allowances to Heirs of
Uniformed Personnel of the PNP
In case any uniformed personnel/member has
been officially confirmed missing in action under any
of the circumstances enumerated above or provided
in the preceding sections, the Chief as the case may
be, shall direct payment of the absent uniformed
member’s monthly salary and allowances and other
emoluments pertinent thereto to his/her heirs for their
support for a maximum period of one (1) year from
date of commencement of absence or when last
heard from as those kidnapped or captured y lawless
elements.
PNP DISCIPLINARY MECHANISMS
Section 39, RA 8551. Internal Affairs Service (IAS) of the
PNP is hereby created which shall:
a) pro-actively conduct inspections and audits on
PNP personnel and units;
b) investigate complaints and gather evidence in
support of an open investigation;
c) conduct summary hearings on PNP members
facing administrative charges;
d) submit a periodic report on the assessment,
analysis, and evaluation of the character and
behavior of PNP personnel and units to the
Chief PNP and the Commission;
e) file appropriate criminal cases against PNP
members before the court as evidence
warrants and assist in the prosecution of the
case;
f) provide assistance to the Office of the
Ombudsman in cases involving PNP personnel.
The IAS shall conduct, motu proprio, automatic
investigation of the following cases:
a) incidents where a police personnel discharges
a firearm;
b) incidents where death, serious physical injury,
or any violation of human rights occurred in the
conduct of a police operation;
c) incidents where evidence was compromised,
tampered with, obliterated, or lost while in the
custody of police personnel;
d) incidents where a suspect in the custody of the
police was seriously injured; and
e) incidents where the established rules of
engagement have been violated.
Finally, the IAS shall provide documents or
recommendations as regards to the promotion of the
members of the PNP or the assignment of PNP
personnel to any key position.
Forum shopping - multiple filing of complaints.
When an administrative complaint is filed with a police
disciplinary authority, such as the People's Law
Enforcement Board (PLEB), no other case involving the
same cause of action shall be filed with any other
disciplinary authority.
(A) Citizen's Complaints -
15
 (1) Chiefs of Police, where the offense is
punishable by withholding of
privileges, restriction to specified
limits, suspension or forfeiture of
salary, or any combination thereof,
for a period not exceeding fifteen
(15) days;
(2) Mayors of cities and municipalities –
16 to 30 days;
(3) People's Law Enforcement Board
(PLEB) - for a period exceeding thirty
(30) days; or by dismissal.
Section 43, RA 6975. People's Law Enforcement
Board (PLEB).
(a) Creation and Functions – Within thirty (30) days
from the issuance of the implementing rules and
regulations by the Commission, there shall be created by
the Sangguniang Panlungsod/Bayan in every city and
municipality such number of People's Law Enforcement
Boards (PLEBs) as may be necessary: Provided, That
there shall be at least one (1) PLEB for every municipality
and for each of the legislative districts in a city. The PLEB
shall have jurisdiction to hear and decide citizen's
complaints or cases filed before it against erring officers
and members of the PNP. There shall be at least one (1)
PLEB for every five hundred (500) city or municipal police
personnel.
(b) Composition and Term of Office.
(1) Any member of the sangguniang
panlungsod/bayan chosen by his respective sanggunian;
(2) Any barangay captain of the city or
municipality concerned chosen by the
association of barangay captains; and
(3) Three (3) other members who shall be
chosen by the peace and order council from
among the respected members of the
community known for their probity and
integrity, one (1) of whom must be a member
of the Bar or, in the absence thereof, a
college graduate, or the principal of the
central elementary school in the locality.
The Chairman of the PLEB shall be elected from
among its members. The term of office of the members of
the PLEB shall be for a period of two (2) years from
assumption of office. Such member shall hold office until
his successor shall have been chosen and qualified.
(c) Compensation – Membership in the PLEB is a civic
duty. However, PLEB members may be paid per diem
as may be determined by the city or municipal council
from city or municipal funds.
(d) Procedure
(1) The PLEB, by a majority vote of all its members
and its Chairman shall determine whether or
not the respondent officer or member of the
PNP is guilty of the charge upon which the
complaint is based
(2) Each case shall be decided within sixty (60)
days from the time the case has been filed
with the PLEB.
(3) The procedures in the PLEB shall be
summary in nature, conducted in accordance
with due process, but without strict regard to
technical rules of evidence.
(4) The Commission shall issue the necessary
implementing guidelines and procedures to
be adopted by the PLEB, including
graduated penalties which may be imposed
by the PLEB.
(5) The Commission may assign the present
NAPOLCOM hearing officers to act as legal
consultants of the PLEBs and provide,
whenever necessary, legal services,
assistance and advise to the PLEBs in
hearing and deciding cases against officers
and members of the PNP, especially those
involving difficult questions of law: Provided,
That these lawyers may also be assigned to
investigate claims for death and disability
benefits of PNP members or their heirs.
(e) Decisions – The decision of the PLEB shall
become final and executory: Provided, that a decision
involving demotion or dismissal from the service may be
appealed by either party with the regional appellate board
within ten (10) days from receipt of the copy of the
decision.
(B) Internal Discipline - minor offenses involving internal
discipline found to have been committed by any
regular member of their respective commands, the
duly designated supervisors and equivalent officers
of the PNP shall, after due notice and summary
hearing, exercise disciplinary powers as follows:
(1) Chiefs of police or equivalent
supervisors may summarily impose the
administrative punishment of admonition or
reprimand; restriction to specified limits;
withholding of privileges; forfeiture of salary or
suspension; or any of the combination of the
foregoing: Provided, That, in all cases, the total
period shall not exceed fifteen (15) days;
(2) Provincial directors or equivalent
supervisors may summarily impose
administrative punishment of admonition or
16
 reprimand; restrictive custody; withholding of
privileges; forfeiture of salary or suspension, or
any combination of the foregoing: Provided, That,
in all cases, the total period shall not exceed
thirty (30) days;
(3) Police regional directors or equivalent
supervisors shall have the power to impose upon
any member the disciplinary punishment of
dismissal from the service. He may also impose
the administrative punishment of admonition or
reprimand; restrictive custody; withholding of
privileges; suspension or forfeiture of salary;
demotion; or any combination of the foregoing:
Provided, That, in all cases, the total period shall
not exceed sixty (60) days;
(4) The Chief of the PNP shall have the
power to impose the disciplinary punishment of
dismissal from the service; suspension or
forfeiture of salary; or any combination thereof for
a period not exceeding one hundred eighty (180)
days: Provided, further, That the chief of the PNP
shall have the authority to place police personnel
under restrictive custody during the pendency of
a grave administrative case filed against him or
even after the filing of a criminal complaint, grave
in nature, against such police personnel.
Summary Dismissal Powers of the National Police
Commission, PNP Chief and PNP Regional Directors
The National Police Commission, the chief of the
PNP and PNP regional directors, after due notice and
summary hearings, may immediately remove or dismiss
any respondent PNP member in any of the following
cases:
"(a) When the charge is serious and the evidence
of guilt is strong;
"(b) When the respondent is a recidivist or has
been repeatedly charged and there are reasonable
grounds to believe that he is guilty of the charges; and
"(c) When the respondent is guilty of a serious
offense involving conduct unbecoming of a police officer.
"Any member or officer of the PNP who shall go
on absence without official leave (AWOL) for a
continuous period of thirty (30) days or more shall be
dismissed immediately from the service. His activities and
whereabouts during the period shall be investigated and if
found to have committed a crime, he shall be prosecuted
accordingly."
Disciplinary Appellate Boards
The formal administrative disciplinary machinery
of the PNP shall be the National Appellate Board and the
regional appellate boards.
The National Appellate Board shall be composed
of the four (4) regular commissioners and shall be chaired
by the executive officer. The Board shall consider
appeals from decisions of the Chief of the PNP.
The National Appellate Board may conduct its
hearings or sessions in Metropolitan Manila or any part of
the country as it may deem necessary.
There shall be at least one (1) regional appellate
board per administrative region in the country to be
composed of a senior officer of the regional Commission
as Chairman and one (1) representative each from the
PNP, and the regional peace and order council as
members. It shall consider appeals from decisions of the
regional directors, other officials, mayors, and the PLEBs.
Preventive Suspension Pending Criminal Case -
penalty imposed by law is six (6) years and one (1) day or
more, the court shall suspend the accused from office for
a period not exceeding ninety (90) days from
arraignment. However, if it can be shown by evidence
that the accused is harassing the complainant and/or
witnesses, the court may order the preventive suspension
of the accused PNP member even if the charge is
punishable by a penalty lower than six (6) years and one
(1) day.
CREATION OF WOMEN'S DESKS IN ALL POLICE
STATIONS AND THE FORMULATION OF A GENDER
SENSITIVITY PROGRAM
The PNP shall establish women's desks in all
police stations throughout the country to administer and
attend to cases involving crimes against chastity, sexual
harassment, abuses committed against women and
children and other similar offenses. RA 8551
Prioritization of Women for Recruitment
Ten percent (10%) of annual recruitment,
training, and education quota for women.
PARTICIPATION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
EXECUTIVES IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE PNP
(a) Provincial Governor –
(1) Power to Choose the Provincial Director
(2) Overseeing the Provincial Public Safety Plan
Implementation – The governor, as chairman of
the provincial peace and order council, shall
oversee the implementation of the provincial
public safety plan.
17

(b) City and Municipal Mayors – (1) Operational
Supervision and Control over PNP units except
during 30 day period before and after national,
local and barangay elections wherein the local
police forces shall be under the supervision and
control of the Commission on Elections.
"The term 'operational supervision and
control' shall mean the power to direct, superintend, and
oversee the day-to-day functions of police investigation of
crime, crime prevention activities, and traffic control in
accordance with the rules and regulations promulgated
by the Commission.
"It shall also include the power to direct the
employment and deployment of units or elements of the
PNP, through the station commander, to ensure public
safety and effective maintenance of peace and order
within the locality
"Employment’' refers to the utilization of units or
elements of the PNP
"Deployment'’ shall mean the orderly and
organized physical movement of elements of the PNP
Other Powers. In addition to the aforementioned powers,
city and municipal mayors shall have the following
authority over the PNP units in their respective
jurisdictions:
"(i) Authority to choose the chief of police from a
list of five (5) eligibles recommended by the
provincial police director, preferably from the
same province, city or municipality: Provided,
however, That in no case shall an officer-in-
charge be designated for more than thirty (30)
days: Provided, further, That the local peace and
order council may, through the city or municipal
mayor, recommend the recall or reassignment of
the chief of police when, in its perception, the
latter has been ineffective in combating crime or
maintaining peace and order in the city or
municipality: Provided, finally, That such relief
shall be based on guidelines established by the
NAPOLCOM;
"(ii) Authority to recommend to the provincial
director the transfer, reassignment or detail of
PNP members outside of their respective city or
town residences; and
"(iii) Authority to recommend from a list of
eligibles previously screened by the peace and
order council the appointment of new members
of the PNP to be assigned to their respective
cities or municipalities without which no such
appointments shall be attested: Provided, That
whenever practicable and consistent with the
requirements of the service, PNP members shall
be assigned to the city or municipality of their
residence.
"The control and supervision of anti-gambling operations
shall be within the jurisdiction of local government
executives."
Section 64. Automatic Deputation of Local Government
Executives as Commission Representatives. ? Governors
and mayors, upon having been elected and living
qualified as such, are automatically deputized as
representatives of the National Police Commission in
their respective jurisdiction. As deputized agents of the
Commission, local government executives can inspect
police forces and units, conduct audit, and exercise other
functions as may be duly authorized by the Commission.
Section 65. Section 52 of Republic Act No. 6975 is
hereby amended to read as follows:
SEC. 52. Suspension or Withdrawal of Deputation. ?
Unless reversed by the President, the Commission may,
after consultation with the provincial governor and
congressman concerned, suspend or withdraw the
deputation of any local executive for any of the following
grounds:
(a) Frequent unauthorized absences;
(b) Abuse of authority;
(c) Providing material support to criminal
elements; or
(d) Engaging in acts inimical to national security
or which negate the effectiveness of the
peace and order campaign.
"Upon good cause shown, the President may, directly or
through the Commission, motu proprio restore such
deputation withdrawn from any local executive."
ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT OF POLICE
ORGANIZATION
Administration – (1) the management of affairs (2) the
activity of the organization (3) the exercise of its power
and duties (4) management of the organization.
- Administration denotes the
institutions of bureaucracy (System
of government / official procedure)
within an organization: the
organizational structures which form
the basis of public decision-making
and implementation; and the
arrangements by which public
services are delivered.
Personnel Administration – The techniques of organizing
and handling individuals at work. It
permeate (to spread or flow) all level and
all types of management. It is the
management of people in working
organization. It includes recruitment,
selection, training, retraining, directing,
reward, transfer, promotion and finally
retirement.
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 NATURE OF PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION
It is basically the performance of staff functions in
support to management. It is descriptive of advisory and
consultative responsibilities. An exemption takes place
when the personnel head deals with his subordinates in
terms of direction/supervision and control. This
relationship is classified as performance of line function.
Management - the dynamic component of administration
as it consists of ideas, innovative and
improvements produced by
administrative personnel.
Management is the act of directing people towards
accomplishing a goal. It is also the organization and
coordination of activities of an enterprise in accordance
with certain policies and in achievement of clearly defined
objectives. (Manage – means to handle)
Personnel Management – field of management involving
planning, organizing, directing and
controlling the efforts of a group of
people towards achieving a goal with
maximum dispatch and minimum
expenses.
Organization - structural component of administration
which encompasses to personnel,
position, ranks, rules and duties as well
as housing facilities, equipment, budget
to carry out its function.
It is also a process of
systematically arranging duties, function
and responsibilities in order to achieve
goals and objectives of the unit which is
effectively, efficiently and economically
arranged. (Logical)
TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
1. Line Organization – the channels of authority and
responsibility extend in a direct
line from top to the bottom.
Top Management
Chief of officer
Advantage – direct supervision, only one person is
responsible for the work.
2. Functional Organization – divide responsibility and
authority between several
specialist such as the person
responsible for all;
- training
- directing community relation
- juvenile delinquency
- intelligence
- Ex. Crime laboratory, jailing process
3. Line and Staff Organization – the combination of Line
and Staff Organization. Proper channeling of
responsibility and authority is strictly followed.
Ex. The deputy is accountable to Provincial
Director, the staff is responsible to Deputy
Provincial Director, the PNCO Chief is
accountable to Chief of branches.
PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION
1. Functions / duties / responsibilities should be properly
and clearly defined.
2. Unity of command – a subordinate should report to
only one and only one to his subordinates. (No two (2)
masters at the same time)
ELEMENTS OF POLICE ORGANIZATION
1. Set of goals and objectives
2. Method of grouping the activities performed by the
organization
3. Segregation of line, staff and auxiliary function
4. Specialization of task and personnel
5. Hierarchy of authority
6. span of control – determining the number of
subordinates under the control of the supervisor.
7. Delegation of authority – committing an activity to
another’s care
8. Unity of command
9. A system of formal communication
Span of Control – the maximum number of
subordinates at a given portion
that a superior can supervise
effectively.
Hierarchy – a body of persons organized or classified
according to rank.
Hierarchy of Authority – the relationship between
superior and subordinates in any given organization.
METHODS OF GROUPING IN THE POLICE
ORGANIZATION
1. Major Purpose – Methods used in combining or
dividing police activities according to major goals
of the organization. This is an effective means in
achieving basic police purpose.
Normal Situation – 10% Administration and
Managerial
30% Investigative function
60% Patrol function
Putting members of patrol section to prevent the
commission of crimes and detection of criminals.
2. Process Method – It groups police activities
according to process performed by the organization.
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3. Place Method – It combines or divides police
activities according to geographical consideration.
Ex. Central station, Police Station, Police Sub-
station
4. Subject Method – It groups police activities and
according to specific subject or needs.
Ex. Designing Patrol Section, Intel Section,
Organize Crime Unit
5. Clientele Method – Group according to relevant
social and economic consideration.
Ex. Juvenile section, narcotic section
GROUPING OF SIMILAR TASKS
1. According to function – the force should be organized
primarily according to the nature of the tasks to be
performed. It should be divided into groups so that
similar and related duties may be assigned to each.
2. According to Time Frame – units are divided into
shifts or watcher according to the time of day. Usually
applied to small police department.
3. According to Place of Work – territorial distribution of
a platoon accomplished by assigning patrolman to
beats. He is responsible by his own.
4. According to Level of Authority – Police departments
is always divided according to the level of authority
thus, there will be PO1, PO2, PO3, SPO1, SPO2,
SPO3, SPO4 etc.
Chain of Command - an unbroken line of authority that
links all individuals in the organization and
specifies who reports to whom.
o Unity of Command - one employee is
held accountable to only one supervisor
o Scalar principle - clearly defined line of
authority in the organization that includes
all employees
Authority, responsibility, and accountability
• Authority - formal and legitimate right of a
manager to make decisions, issue orders, and
allocate resources to achieve organizationally
desired outcomes.
• Responsibility - duty to perform the task or
activity an employee has been assigned
• Accountability - the fact that the people with
authority and responsibility are subject to
reporting and justifying task outcomes to those
above them in the chain of command
Delegation
• The process managers use to transfer authority
and responsibility to positions below them in the
hierarchy
• Organizations today tend to encourage
delegation from highest to lowest possible levels
• Can improve flexibility to meet customers’ needs
and adaptation to competitive environments
• Managers often find delegation difficult
Types of authority
• Line authority - in which individuals in
management positions have the formal power to
direct and control immediate subordinates.
• Staff authority - granted to staff specialists in
their areas of expertise. Narrower than line
authority and includes the right to advise,
recommend, and counsel in the staff specialists'
area of expertise. It is a communication
relationship with management. It has an
influence that derives indirectly from line authority
at a higher level.
• Functional authority - in which individuals in
management positions have formal power over a
specific subset of activities. A legal department,
for instance, may have functional authority to
interfere in any activity that could have legal
consequences.
BASIC CLASSIFICATION OF POLICE FUNCTIONS
1. Line Function – are primary police duty,
responsibilities performed directly for the community
or individual member thereof.
2. Staff Functions – are those performed in support of
assistance to the organization or superior officers in
an advisory or recommendatory in nature.
3. Auxiliary Functions – are essentially technical job in
support of line and staff functions in the organization.
Line – primary (field work)
Staff – secondary (advisory)
Auxiliary – technical
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Bureau – largest organic unit, a large department. Each
bureau is comprised of a number of division.
Division – a primary subdivision of a bureau.
Section – functional units within a division. This is
necessary for specialization.
Units – functional groups within a section when further
specialization is needed.
Post – a fixed point or location to which an officer is
assigned for duty, such as a designated desk or
office / an intersection or crosswalk for traffic duty
or spot location for general guard duty.
Route – a length of street or streets, designated for patrol
purpose. Another name is line beat.
Beat – an area assigned for patrol purposes whether foot
or motorized.
Sector – an area containing two or more beats, routes or
posts.
20
District – a geographical subdivision of a city for patrol
purposes, usually with its own station.
Area – a section or territorial division of a large city each
comprised of designated districts.
Sworn Officers – all personnel of the police department
who have taken an oath of office and who
possess the power of arrest.
Superior Officer – one having supervisory responsibilities
either temporarily or permanently over officers of
lower rank.
Commanding Officer – an officer who is in command of
the department, a bureau, a division, an area, or
a district.
Ranking Officer – the officer having the highest rank or
grade. Officers of the same grade should rank
according to the date of their appointment to that
grade unless otherwise stated in a special order.
Unity of Command – one employee is held accountable
to only one supervisor.
in Police service, it is important that : (1) only one
man be in complete command of each situation
(2) only one man be in direct command or
supervision of each other.
- confusion is created when more than one
superior undertakes independent command
of an operation.
- Generally, it is unwise for a police executive
or commander if he is present and does not
act. His presence has no purpose.
Span of Control - total number of subordinates under the
control of the supervisor.
the ability of one man to direct, coordinate and
control immediate subordinates span of control
has physical limits, because he can be in only
one place at one time, he cannot work 24 hours a
day.
Delegation of Authority – the process of transferring
authority and responsibility to positions below.
the process of committing activity to another’s
care. One quality of good leader is knowing how
to multiply himself many times.
Planning as a Function of Police
Management
Planning can be defined as the process of
developing a method or procedure or an arrangement of
parts intended to facilitate the accomplishment of a
definite objective. Planning precedes almost everything
we do in life. In general, planning at the patrol unit level
consists of two types: (1) supplementary of orders from
higher levels, and (2) origination of plans at the unit level
to meet unit problems and objectives.
1. Patrol administrators have the responsibility for
planning the implementation and supplementation of
orders, which originate from higher levels. This activity
may involve any of the five types of plan; procedural,
tactical, operational, extra-departmental, or management.
Plans are supplemented as necessary to apply to local
conditions, but only within the limits of departmental
policy. Preliminary steps are suggested in the
supplementation of orders and directives from higher
levels. These include:
a. Establishing the Objective — In determining the
objectives of the order, establishes answers to the
following questions. What is the reason for the order?
What is the order intended to accomplish? What methods
or procedures are established to accomplish the desired
objectives?
b. Determining the Applicability - This step is to
determine bow the order can be carried out in the patrol
unit. Is the order generally applicable to the unit? Can the
order be uniformly applied in the unit, or must special
circumstances be considered? This step includes
estimate of what is needed to carry out and accomplish
the objective of the order in terms of manpower, motor
vehicles, communications, special equipment, supplies
and specialized training. Determine whether the desired
results can be obtained by the efficient use of personnel
and equipment on hand which would include a
redistribution of men and material within the command. If
the personnel and equipment is not adequate to achieve
the desired results, aid should be requested from the next
higher level of command.
c. Analyzing the Facts — To assist in the evaluation of
possible supplementation at the unit level, if the problems
of application are uncertain and time permits,
consideration should be given to using the counsel and
soliciting opinions of experienced subordinates. All
available information relating to the problem should be
sought out. This would include statistical as well as other
factual data.
d. When all the available data is assembled it should be
analyzed and evaluated. The personal knowledge of the
patrol unit commander is also applied in this evaluation
process.
e. Deciding on the Action taken — After careful
evaluation the administrator is in the position to decide on
the action to be taken. It may be that no supplementation
is required. It may be that the issuance of a
supplementary bulletin or memorandum s all that is
necessary.
Characteristics of Effective Plans
1. The plan must be sufficiently specific so that
the behavior required is understood.
21
 2. The benefits derived from the achievement of
the goals associated with the plan must
offset the efforts of developing and
implementing the plan, and the level of
achievement should not so modest that it is
easily reached.
3. Involvement in their formulation must be as
widespread as is reasonably possible.
4. They should contain a degree of flexibility for
the unforeseen.
5. There must be coordination in the
development and implementation of plans
with other units of the government whenever
there appears even only a minimal for such
action.
6. They must be coordinated in their
deployment and implementation within the
police department to ensure consistency.
7. As may be appropriate, the means for
comparing the results planned for versus the
result actually produced must be specified
before implementation.
Categories of Police Doctrine
A. Primary Doctrines
1. Fundamental Doctrine – is the basic principle
in planning, organizing and management of
the PNP in support of the over-all pursuits of
the PNP vision, mission, and strategic action
plan of the attainment of the national
objectives.
2. Operational Doctrine – are the principles and
rules governing the planning, organizing,
direction and employment of the PNP forces
in the accomplishment of basic security
operational mission in the maintenance of
peace and order, crime prevention and
suppression, internal security and public
safety operation.
3. Functional Doctrine – this provide guidelines
for specialized activities of the PNP in the
broad field of interest such as personnel,
intelligence, operation, logistics, planning,
etc.
B. Secondary Doctrines
1. Complimentary Doctrine – doctrines
formulated jointly by two or more bureaus in
order to effect a certain operation with
regards to public safety and peace and
order.
2. Ethical Doctrine – That defines the
fundamental principles governing the rules of
conduct, attitude, behavior and ethical norm
of the PNP.
Characteristics of Good Police Plan
1. With clearly defined goals and objectives
2. Simplicity, directness and clarity
3. Flexibility
4. Possibility of attainment
5. Must provide standards of operation
6. Economy in terms of resources needed for
implementation
S = Simple
M = Measurable
A = Attainable
R = Realistic
T = Time-Bound
Significance and Importance of Planning
The ever increasing and constant change of the
complexity of our society and the police operations
demands the utmost skill and careful planning in order to
insure the accomplishment of police objectives and
mission. The management of police organization
requires a changing style to keep abreast with the
changing society to make the organization stable, thus,
planning is a continuous process.
Five types of police Plans
1. Procedural Plan — Deals with procedures that have
been outlined and officially adopted by all members the
unit under specified circumstances.
They include every standard operating procedure. The
importance of standardized procedures concerning daily
occurrences cannot be overemphasized. Without
standard operating procedures there is no uniformity of
operation. Without uniformity of operation patrol
personnel cannot function efficiently as a tern. The lack of
procedural plan (SOP) may result in criticism of the
department, in that necessary steps may be overlooked,
and procedures may be unsatisfactory due to lack of
standardization. Page 22 of 23
2. Tactical Plan - are defined as plans that concern
methods of action to be taken at a designated location
and under specific circumstances. Examples of tactical
plans at the unit level would include planning for major
accidents, disaster, special events, roadblocks, major
crime etc.
Tactical plans are generally emergency type plans that
can be put into effect on the sudden occurrence of a
condition requiring their use. Special event planning is
important as it permits most of the routine decisions to be
made in advance, not under pressure, and communicated
to those directed.
Emergency planning may have the objective of
establishing predetermined method of alerting,
deployment and action that will assure coordination of
personnel and allied agencies, and providing efficient aid
and assistance to the public, during any emergency not
amounting to a state of extreme emergency.
3. Operational plan - are the work programs of the field
units. The work to be done is estimated, manpower and
equipment is allocated. Proper objectives are defined and
methods of accomplishment are developed.
Statistical analysis is most widely used in operational
planning. Statistics furnished to or compiled by
22
commanders should provide essential basic information repairs and alterations, (4) equipment — non-expendable
regarding: and (5) Capital outlay, including any new building.

a. The type of problem

b. The size of the problem
c. The time of the problem
d. The location of the problem

Information for planning can gain by utilizing two primary

methods, comparison or contrast; comparing past
experiences in order to predict factors which will affect
the plan, and contrasting like circumstances to detect
similarities or exceptions which are pertinent to the
solution of the present problem.
d. Extra-Departmental Plans — are those, which require
actions or assistance from persons or agencies outside of
the department.
Examples of extra-departmental plans include;
Investigation and control of juvenile consumption of
alcoholic beverages; Civil defense plans; exchange of
information on wanted parsons, stolen auto, and the like
with other government agencies.
Extra-departmental planning is important due to
the fact that many of the activities, which the patrol force
must perform, require cooperation with other agencies.
For some types of extra-departmental plans all the
necessary information may be obtained from
representatives of interested agencies. if more than one
agency is involved, the plan should be developed into a
cooperative conference, Such conference should attempt
to reconcile divergent viewpoints, set realistic limits, and
establish realistic methods.

e. Management Plans - may be defined as those that

relate to staffing, equipping, supplying and organizing.
Management plans would include:

1) Organizational and Functional plans

2.) Assignment and training of personnel,
other development
3) Recruitment, such as publicity for
officer entrance examinations,
replacement of non-uniformed position,
etc.
4) Equipment, such as rotation to
equalize mileage, maintenance,
inspections, etc,
5) Local supply procedures, and
6) Public information plans.

The most important type of management

planning at the patrol unit level is budget planning. The
need for this type of planning is automatic since any
government body operates on an annual budget. Budget
planning must be continuing program and not a “spur of
the moment” operation. Budget preparation is a job that is
completed once each year and should be the culmination
of a year’s planning. Budget request should include the
following: (1) Officer requirements, (2) Personnel —
clerical and custodial, (3) Operating expenses, including
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