CHAPTER-I

INTRODUCTION

INTRODECTION TO COURIER SERVICE:

Runners, homing pigeons, and horseback riders were just a few of the old
techniques used to carry messages by hand. Before the advent of automated courier services,
couriers on foot had to run kilometres to get where they needed to go. The Persian prince
Cyrus the Younger is credited by Xenophon with being the first person to use
couriers.Famously, the Greek messenger Pheidippides is credited with running 26 miles from
Marathon to Athens to deliver the message that the Greeks had defeated the Persians in 490
BCE. This run serves as the inspiration for the marathon long-distance competition.

When a shipment or document needs to get to its destination fast, businesses

and people resort to courier services, a more specialised delivery service. While ordinary mail
services can send parcels quickly, they cannot always promise same-day or overnight
delivery, depending on the situation.

The phrase "courier service" can be used to describe any delivery or

transportation service, from a tiny, local business to a global network that transports millions
of people every day via a fleet of trucks, aeroplanes, trains, and ships.There have been courier
services for a very long time. Ancient societies employed horsemen or runners to transport
messages quickly and easily between locations rather than having to use the more time-
consuming slow channels.

Another factor contributing to couriers' prominence in the delivery industry is

their ability to increase a package or letter's security. Given their sophisticated tracking
mechanism, courier firms are not theoretically expected to be able to misplace a
letter.Additionally, you may relax knowing that the letter will reach its destination because
the recipient must sign for it at the other end.If necessary, there are various courier services
you can use. In cities, couriers may use automobiles, bikes, motorbikes, or even taxis,
however the cab system is primarily used in the UK. Due of their ability to manoeuvre
through traffic and escape the same kinds of traffic problems that automobile couriers face,
bike couriers are the most practical in urban areas. Naturally, automobile or motorcycle
couriers are a more sensible and practical option over larger distances.Hiring a courier service
will be necessary if you want to send a box or letter a long distance but with the highest level
of security; nevertheless, you will have to use the major services that include overnight
flights, shipping, and other delivery methods.

The majority of courier providers charge fair prices for delivery. In general,
charges are determined by the required delivery distance; for intercity, international, or
overseas deliveries, the cost is typically determined by weight and distance.The multi-billion
dollar courier services industry keeps the business world running smoothly. Without couriers
in our cities, we would be forced to send our products and documents by ordinary mail,
which would be both inconvenient and a waste of time.Royal courts kept their own couriers
during the Middle Ages, and they were paid no more than other workers.

THE PRIMARY AREAS OF LOGISTICS INCLUDE:

PURCHASING LOGISTICS:

The entire procedure was utilised to choose vendors and talk about
agreements for the distribution of goods or services. It entails duties including conducting
market research, creating demands,ordering and order management, making purchases or
decisions, and dealer management.

LOGISTICS FOR DISTRIBUTION:

They assist in the delivery of finished goods to the customer. Order processing,
warehouse storage, and transportation are included. the major sub-sectors include conveyance
by air, rail, water, and vehicle. There is connection between logistics and the incorporating
stock, statistics, warehousing, and cloth-dealing as subsectors along with packing.

LOGISTICS OF PRODUCTION:

The goal of this logistics procedure is to accelerate and regulate the supply chain.
chain. Activities related to production logistics are influenced by organisational design and
principles. planning, planning, and production control.
DISPOSITIONAL LOGIC:

It is sometimes referred to as the inverse logistics because it supports all

processes involving reuse.various products and materials. To reduce the logistics, this area's
main motivation retain herbal sources, raise prices, and enhance services.

LOGISTICS FOR CONSTRUCTION:

The supply chain flow is to be streamlined and managed by this logistics

method. Activities related to production logistics are correlated with notions of organisation,
layout design, production scheduling
ELECTRONIC LOGISTICS:

Electronic logistics is propelled by a new wave of web-based, business apps that

utilising central logistics information backbone for collaboration and optimization that
extends the supply chain and gives visibility across the business.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM:
The research, in its broadest sense, refers to any problem that has emerged and
is challenging to address, in which the researcher encounters the setting of looking for a
solution to the problem and trying to solve it.Customers' preferences are crucial in every
logistics firm in this way. The purpose of the study is to determine whether consumers prefer
DTDC to its competitors. Priorities must be established in accordance with specific factors
(demand, location, revenue, product selection and consumer satisfaction levels

SCOPE OF THE STUDY:

The study is suitable for DTDC facilities use in the area of consumer decision
making. In comparison to its rivals, the company's many benefits and traits frequently take
the preferences of its customers into account. DTDC will keep becoming better.its brand,
increase sales and draw in new customers, keep hold of existing customers, and make sure a
level of satisfaction with potential customers.
NEED FOR THE STUDY:
The logistics industry in the retail sector is increasingly competitive today.
Excellent facilities for customers would be improved by visitors to the distribution company.
When choosing a supermarket, customers often consider price as well. Because of the fierce
competition in the market, consumer preferences are always changing. This study was
conducted to assist the company in better understanding customer needs, consumer
preferences, and corporate decisions and to identify strategies for the delivery of productive
operations that result in growing the clientele and revenue while also preserving a solid
rapport with customers.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
The research methodology is a methodical approach to problem-solving. One
common method of conducting research in an organisation is this one. Research methodology
is the process or approach used by the organisation to explain, describe, and forecast the
phenomenon. Additionally, the methods of data or information collection, sample size, and
sampling methodology are described. One of the popular methods for identifying solutions to
a certain issue is through research methodology. It is the procedure whereby the researcher
does study in a methodical manner in an effort to identify a fix for the issue that has been
brought up inside the company.

RESEARCH DESIGN:
This survey was done at DTDC express ltd on a total of roughly 200 respondents.
A research is a methodical arrangement of the numerous data collection and analysis
conditions that aims to combine the significance for the study's procedure-compliant goal in
the organisation. In fact, conducting research involves creating a design within a conceptual
framework. It functions as a blueprint for the information that is gathered, measured, and
analysed. The design for the search contains a brief explanation of the researcher's planned
activity and how he intends to arrive at the answer.
RESEARCH TYPE:

Research that is descriptive is done to arrive at certain factual conclusions. The

methods used to gather information for pertinent information were direct conversation and
questionnaires.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:

The method or approach a researcher uses to do study utilising a

sample from a sizable population is known as sampling technique, and it
entirely depends on the sort of analysis that will be carried out. Convenient
sampling is the data gathering technique I've used for this study.

LIMITATIONS:
 The business had private information that was off-limits.
 Customers' responses were somewhat skewed.
 The research was completed in a remarkably brief amount of time.
 There is not a lot of information available about the business.
 It has been a significant restriction.
 The sample was exclusively available to courier clients. understanding
of the services