ALEXANDER ZVEREV - MASS & BALANCE

DEFINITIONS AND FLOW DIAGRAM

MASS & BALANCE

+ SPECIAL OPERATIONAL / OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT

or / with

+ VARIABLE LOAD, inc. CREW, etc… NOT FUEL inc.

WITH MINIMUM TAKE-OFF

FUEL LIMITED
+ TRAFFIC LOAD
DIFFERENCE LIMITED FOR SHORT
BETWEEN DISTANCE FLIGHT
DOM & TOM
*

IS CALCULATED FOR A
MAXIMUM LOAD FACTOR
OF + 2.5 g.

+ TRAFFIC LOAD:

=> (WITH MAXIMUM TAKE-

OFF FUEL)
=> (LIMITED FOR LONG
DISTANCE FLIGHT)

IS THE SUM OF ALL THE FUEL + START & TAXI FUEL

IN THE TANKS

RAMP / BLOCK
MASS = LM INC: FINAL RESERVE FUEL +
ALTERNATE FUEL + CONTINGENCY
FUEL + ZERO FUEL MASS

THE STATEMENT ALWAYS CORRECT,

DUE TO THE ONLY MASS CHANGE, IS


THE FUEL CONSUMPTION.

* USEFUL LOAD: TRAFFIC LOAD(=PAYLOAD) + USABLE FUEL MASS / NOT ADD IN THE
LIMITED FOR LONG / SHORT DISTANCE FLIGHT

Starting from Dry Operating Mass (DOM) and adding the mass of Traffic Load (TL) + the mass of the fuel you
obtain the Take-off Mass (TOM). For long distance flights you have to load a large mass of fuel, therefore you
will be most likely limited by the Maximum Take-Off Mass (MTOM). However, for short distance flights you do
not need such a large fuel load and you will then most likely be limited by the Zero Fuel Mass (MZFM),
because DOM + Traffic Load must be less then MZFM, whatever the amount of fuel you add thereafter.

Explanation: Aviation Exam, Nº 73791

Detail Explication

SEM
(STANDARD BEM DOP
EMPTY MASS)
+ Specific Equipment, + Additional
Trapped Fluids, Equipment, Variable
Unusable Fuel Mass Load…