Cloud computing:

Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of different services through the Internet to
offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale. These resources
include tools and applications like data storage, servers, databases, networking, and
software.

Examples of Cloud Services:

1. Email
2. Storage, backup, and data retrieval
3. Creating and testing apps
4. Analyzing data
5. Audio and video streaming
6. Delivering software on demand

Benefits of Cloud Computing:

 Cost
It eliminates the capital expense of buying hardware and software and setting up and running
on-site datacenters—the racks of servers, the round-the-clock electricity for power and
cooling, and the IT experts for managing the infrastructure. It adds up fast.

 Speed
Most cloud computing services are provided self service and on demand, so even vast
amounts of computing resources can be provisioned in minutes, typically with just a few
mouse clicks, giving businesses a lot of flexibility and taking the pressure off capacity
planning.

 Global scale
The benefits of cloud computing services include the ability to scale elastically. In cloud
speak, that means delivering the right amount of IT resources—for example, more or less
computing power, storage, bandwidth—right when they’re needed, and from the right
geographic location.

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  Productivity
On-site datacenters typically require a lot of “racking and stacking”—hardware setup,
software patching, and other time-consuming IT management chores. Cloud computing
removes the need for many of these tasks, so IT teams can spend time on achieving more
important business goals.

 Performance
The biggest cloud computing services run on a worldwide network of secure datacenters,
which are regularly upgraded to the latest generation of fast and efficient computing
hardware. This offers several benefits over a single corporate datacenter, including reduced
network latency for applications and greater economies of scale.

 Reliability
Cloud computing makes data backup, disaster recovery, and business continuity easier and
less expensive because data can be mirrored at multiple redundant sites on the cloud
provider’s network.

 Security
Many cloud providers offer a broad set of policies, technologies, and controls that strengthen
your security posture overall, helping protect your data, apps, and infrastructure from
potential threats.

Types of cloud computing

Not all clouds are the same and not one type of cloud computing is right for everyone.
Several different models, types, and services have evolved to help offer the right solution
for your needs.
First, you need to determine the type of cloud deployment, or cloud computing
architecture, that your cloud services will be implemented on. There are three different
ways to deploy cloud services: on a public cloud, private cloud, or hybrid cloud. 

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  Public cloud
Public clouds are owned and operated by a third-party cloud service providers, which deliver
their computing resources, like servers and storage, over the Internet. Microsoft Azure is an
example of a public cloud. With a public cloud, all hardware, software, and other supporting
infrastructure is owned and managed by the cloud provider. You access these services and
manage your account using a web browser.  Some of the largest public cloud providers
include Alibaba Cloud, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud, IBM Cloud, and
Microsoft Azure.

 Private cloud
A private cloud refers to cloud computing resources used exclusively by a single business or
organization. A private cloud can be physically located on the company’s on-site datacenter.
Some companies also pay third-party service providers to host their private cloud. A private
cloud is one in which the services and infrastructure are maintained on a private network. 

 Hybrid cloud
Hybrid clouds combine public and private clouds, bound together by technology that allows
data and applications to be shared between them. By allowing data and applications to move
between private and public clouds, a hybrid cloud gives your business greater flexibility,
more deployment options, and helps optimize your existing infrastructure, security, and
compliance. 

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Cloud services
Cloud services are infrastructure, platforms, or software that are hosted by third-party
providers and made available to users through the internet. There are 3 main types of as-a-
Service solutions: IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS. Each facilitates the flow of user data from front-end
clients through the internet, to the cloud service provider’s systems, and back—but vary by
what’s provided.

 IaaS

IaaS means a cloud service provider manages the infrastructure for you—the actual servers,
network, virtualization, and data storage—through an internet connection. The user has
access through an API or dashboard, and essentially rents the infrastructure. The user
manages things like the operating system, apps, and middleware while the provider takes
care of any hardware, networking, hard drives, data storage, and servers; and has the
responsibility of taking care of outages, repairs, and hardware issues. This is the typical
deployment model of cloud storage providers.

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  PaaS

PaaS means the hardware and an application-software platform are provided and managed by
an outside cloud service provider, but the user handles the apps running on top of the
platform and the data the app relies on. Primarily for developers and programmers, PaaS
gives users a shared cloud platform for application development and management (an
important DevOps component) without having to build and maintain the infrastructure
usually associated with the process.

 SaaS

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 SaaS is a service that delivers a software application—which the cloud service provider
manages—to its users. Typically, SaaS apps are web applications or mobile apps that users
can access via a web browser. Software updates, bug fixes, and other general software
maintenance are taken care of for the user, and they connect to the cloud applications via a
dashboard or API. SaaS also eliminates the need to have an app installed locally on each
individual user’s computer, allowing greater methods of group or team access to the
software.

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