Class 

37: Charging and Discharging RL Circuits
Course Evaluation:

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3. Click at “UNDERGRADUATES” in the top menu and then choose the

first item: Physics & Astronomy Course Evaluations

4. Follow instructions from there.

5. Make sure remember or write down any given key or password. You
need this to re-enter the system if you cannot finish the evaluation in
one time.
From Class 22
RC Circuits – Charging Charge
Slide #3
q q dq
  IR   R 
C C dt
 CR dq  (C - q) dt
C dq 1
 - dt Integration constant
q - C CR
t
 n( q - C )  -  K'


CR

R  q - C  Ke
-
t
CR
(K  e K' )
t
-
 q  C  K e CR

At t  0, q  0  0  C  K  K  - C
t
-
 q  C (1  e CR
)

dq C - CR  - CR
t t

I  e  e
d t CR R
t
-
VR  IR   e CR

t
VR + VC = 
q -
VC    (1 - e CR
)
C
 RL Circuits – Charging Current
dI
 L  IR  L dI  I R dt   dt
dt
L  L dI  ( - IR)dt
L dI
  dt Integration constant
 - IR
L
 n(  - IR )  t  K'
 R
R R R
 n(  - IR )  t  K'
L L
R R
- t K'
  - IR  Ke L
(K  e L
)
R
- t
 IR    Ke L

At t  0, I  0  0    K  K  

R R
- t - t
 I R   (1  e L
)I (1  e L
)
R
R
- t
VR  IR   (1  e L
)
R
dI - t

VL  L   e
L
VR + VC = 
dt
From Class 23
Slide #4
RC time constant
=RC is known as the RC time constant. It indicates the response time (how fast you
can charge up thet capacitor) of the RC circuit.
 -
I e CR
R

I
R e  2.72
 e -1  0.37
I  e -1
R

~ 0.37
R
t=RC
t
t
-
q  C (1  e CR
)

q  C
2  1.414 q  (1  e -1 ) C
1 ~ 0.63C
 0.707
2
Nothing to do with RC circuits t=RC
t
 L/R time constant
=L/R is known as the time constant. It indicates the response time (how fast you can up
a current) of the RC circuit.
dI  -
R
t
 e L
dt L
dI 

dt L e  2.72
dI  e -1  0.37
 e -1
dt L

~ 0.37
L
t=L/R
t

R
- t
I (1  e L
)
R

I
 R
2  1.414 I  (1  e )
-1

R

1 ~ 0.63
 0.707 R
2
Nothing to do with RL circuits t=L/R
t
From Class 23
RC Circuits – Discharging Charge
Slide #5
q q dq
0  IR   R 0
C C dt
 CR dq  - q dt
dq 1
 - dt Integration constant
q CR
t
 n q  -  K'
C R CR
-
t

 q  Ke CR
(K  e K' )
t
-
qKe CR

At t  0, q  Q  Q  K
t
-
 q  Qe CR

t
dq Q - CR
I  e
dt RC
t
Q -
VR  IR   e CR
C
VR + VC = 0
t
q Q -
VC   e CR
C C
 RL Circuits – Discharging Current

Note special switch

dI
0L  IR  LdI  -IRdt
dt
dI R
charge L   - dt
I L
Integration constant

R
  n I  - t  K'
L
R
discharge

R
- t
 I  Ke L
(K  e K' )

 
At t  0, I  I 0   K  I0 
R R

R R
- t - t
-
t  I  I0e L
or e L

I  I0e CR R
R
- t
VR  IR  I 0 Re L

VR + VL = 0
R
dI - t
VL  L  - I 0 Re L
dt
From Class 23
Slide #7
In Summary
For both charge and discharge, Q, I, VC, and VR must be one of
the following two cases:
y
y0
t
-
y  y0e RC

t y
-
y  y  (1 - e RC
)

y can be Q, I, VC, or VR

t
 In Summary
For both charge and discharge, I, dI/dt, VL, and VR must be one of
the following two cases:
y
y0
t
-
y  y0e RC

t y
-
y  y  (1 - e RC
)

y can be I, dI/dt, VL, or

VR t