Theme Plot Elements of Fiction Setting Conflict Beyond Walls 1.

2 Characters The basic elements of short story had

been tackled many times in your Literature classes. The major elements include the following: Elements of Fiction
Plot The structure of your story is called plot. In simple terms, it is how you arrange the story from the beginning,
middle, and end. The events that you weave at the start of the story will help your readers as to how the story will
escalate up to the ending itself. The actual temporal sequence of your narrative is called linear plot. But the
movement of your story does not have to be chronological. A lot of stories nowadays are nonlinear or not in
chronological order. There are various literary techniques that you could use such as in medias res where you start at
the middle of what happens in your story. You can also use foreshadowing, a literary device where a part of the plot
is mentioned at the beginning of the story as a hint or warning. The character can also have a flashback (also called
analepsis), which narrates an earlier scene. The thing is to get your readers hooked to your story. Go Online For
further understanding of the plot of a story, visit the Diwa Learning Town website at http://bit.ly/diwa-CN2ED.
Upload your answers online. at the beginning of the story as a hint or warning. The character can also have a
flashback (also called analepsis), which narrates an earlier scene. The thing is to get your readers hooked to your
story. For further understanding of the plot of a story, visit the Diwa Learning Town website at http://bit.ly/diwa-
CN2ED. Upload your answers online. A plot, as you may have known already, has parts. Look at the diagram below.
Beyond Walls 1.2 Go Online Climax royon, that three a Falling Action se ве of Rising Action Denouement This
diagram is called Freytag's Pyramid, named after the German novelist and playwright Gustav Freytag. The plot of
your story can also be modular or episodic-divided into smaller parts such as modules or episodes. This is obvious in
a novel because it is divided into chapters. But in a short story, you can set up multiple subparts by adding
subheadings. For example, this author's literary book Emotero can be considered a book-length short story with
drabbles in-between. Creative Nonfiction and Other Literary Genres 5 Exposition The secondary short stories were
supposed to be "short stories" written by the narrator, as told by another character. Each secondary story has its own
title, plot, characters, and so on. Main story where à character reads a notebook filled with stories 88 Independent
stories inside the notebook Goes back to the main story where the character finds out who wrote the stories in the
notebook What Have I Learned So Far? Recall one story with a nonlinear plot. How did that story challenge your
comprehension? Characters The story-the plot itself-will not progress without the characters. Most characters in
works of fiction are humans. Sometimes, as in fables and folktales, the animals are anthropomorphized-they talk and
behave like humans. In other works, such as Orhan Pamuk's novel My Name Is Red, a coin and red, the color itself,
served as speakers. Beyond Walls 1.3 Go Online For more resources and activities on the different characters of a
story, visit the Diwa Learning Town website at http://bit.ly/diwa-CN2ED. Upload your answers online. The speaker
in a work of fiction is called narrator. The speaker in your story does not have to be the main character or you, as the
writer. That is why you have to design the point of view (POV) of your narrator. The following are different POVS
that you can choose from for your story: 1. First-person POV - The narrator could be a major character, a minor
character, or just a bystander. It is signified by "I" or "we." addressed as "you" 2. Second-person POV - The story
uses "you." Remember that the identity is not necessarily the person reading the narrative. 3. Third-person POV -
This POV uses the pronouns he, she, it, or they. It could be objective, limited omniscient, or omniscient. a. Objective
- The narrator just gives an unbiased POV. 6 Creative Nonfiction (Second A b. Limited omniscient - The narrator
knows the thoughts, opinions, or feelings of one character, as such, the narrator cannot tell anything which the
character does not know about. c. Omniscient - The narrator knows the thoughts, opinions, or feelings of all the
characters, and everything about the places and events. How your narrator and the characters speak is very important
in your story. The narration and/or dialogue sets the time and place of the story. Consider these dialogues from the
anthology Filipino Popular Tales, collected by Dean S. Fansler: 1 Sacu was left to prepare their food. While he was
busy cooking, he heard a voice say- ing. "Ha, ha! what a nice meal you are preparing! Hurry up! I am hungry." On
looking up, Sacu saw on th

Theme

Plot
Elements of Fiction

Setting

Conflict

Beyond Walls 1.2

Characters

The basic elements of short story had been tackled many times in your Literature classes. The major elements include
the following:

Elements of Fiction

Plot

The structure of your story is called plot. In simple terms, it is how you arrange the story from the beginning, middle, and
end. The events that you weave at the start of the story will help your readers as to how the story will escalate up to the
ending itself. The actual temporal sequence of your narrative is called linear plot.

But the movement of your story does not have to be chronological. A lot of stories nowadays are nonlinear or not in
chronological order. There are various literary techniques that you could use such as in medias res where you start at
the middle of what happens in your story. You can also use foreshadowing, a literary device where a part of the plot is
mentioned at the beginning of the story as a hint or warning. The character can also have a flashback (also called
analepsis), which narrates an earlier scene. The thing is to get your readers hooked to your story.

Go Online

For further understanding of the plot of a story, visit the Diwa Learning Town website at http://bit.ly/diwa-CN2ED.
Upload your answers online.

at the beginning of the story as a hint or warning. The character can also have a flashback (also called analepsis), which
narrates an earlier scene. The thing is to get your readers hooked to your story.

For further understanding of the plot of a story, visit the Diwa Learning Town website at http://bit.ly/diwa-CN2ED.
Upload your answers online.
A plot, as you may have known already, has parts. Look at the diagram below.

Beyond Walls 1.2

Go Online

Climax

royon,

that

three

Falling Action

se

ве

of

Rising Action

Denouement

This diagram is called Freytag's Pyramid, named after the German novelist and playwright Gustav Freytag.

The plot of your story can also be modular or episodic-divided into smaller parts such as modules or episodes. This is
obvious in a novel because it is divided into chapters. But in a short story, you can set up multiple subparts by adding
subheadings. For example, this author's literary book Emotero can be considered a book-length short story with
drabbles in-between.
Creative Nonfiction and Other Literary Genres 5

Exposition

The secondary short stories were supposed to be "short stories" written by the narrator, as told by another character.
Each secondary story has its own title, plot, characters, and so on.

Main story where à character reads a notebook filled with stories

88 Independent stories inside the notebook

Goes back to the main story where the character finds out who wrote the stories in the notebook

What Have I Learned So Far?

Recall one story with a nonlinear plot. How did that story challenge your comprehension?

Characters

The story-the plot itself-will not progress without the characters. Most characters in works of fiction are humans.
Sometimes, as in fables and folktales, the animals are anthropomorphized-they talk and behave like humans. In other
works, such as Orhan Pamuk's novel My Name Is Red, a coin and red, the color itself, served as speakers.

Beyond Walls 1.3

Go Online

For more resources and activities on the different characters of a story, visit the Diwa Learning Town website at
http://bit.ly/diwa-CN2ED. Upload your answers online.

The speaker in a work of fiction is called narrator. The speaker in your story does not have to be the main character or
you, as the writer. That is why you have to design the point of view (POV) of your narrator. The following are different
POVS that you can choose from for your story:

1. First-person POV - The narrator could be a major character, a minor character, or just a bystander. It is signified by "I"
or "we." addressed as "you"
2. Second-person POV - The story uses "you." Remember that the identity is not necessarily the person reading the
narrative.

3. Third-person POV - This POV uses the pronouns he, she, it, or they. It could be objective, limited omniscient, or
omniscient.

a. Objective - The narrator just gives an unbiased POV.

6 Creative Nonfiction (Second A

b. Limited omniscient - The narrator knows the thoughts, opinions, or feelings of one character, as such, the narrator
cannot tell anything which the character does not know about. c. Omniscient - The narrator knows the thoughts,
opinions, or feelings of all the characters,

and everything about the places and events. How your narrator and the characters speak is very important in your story.
The narration and/or dialogue sets the time and place of the story. Consider these dialogues from the anthology Filipino
Popular Tales, collected by Dean S. Fansler:

Sacu was left to prepare their food. While he was busy cooking, he heard a voice say- ing. "Ha, ha! what a nice meal you
are preparing! Hurry up! I am hungry." On looking up, Sacu saw on t