Module 7 ProfEd 101

Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No.07: IM-PROFED1011ST SEM-2021-2022
College: TEACHER EDUCATION

Campus : BAMBANG
DEGREE PROGRAM BEED/BPE COURSE PROFED101

NO.
SPECIALIZATION COURSE The Child and Adolescent Learner and
TITLE Learning Principles
YEAR LEVEL 1st & 2nd TIME 3 Hrs. WK NO. 8 IM NO. 7
FRAME
I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE: Developmental Theories and Other Relevant Theories
II. LESSON TITLE: Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory
III. LESSON OVERVIEW: This lesson will acquaint the students with various developmental theories and
will draw principles of teaching and learning from them.
IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES: (p 77)
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1.
1. explain Freud’s views about child and adolescent development and
2. draw implications of Freud’s theory to education
V. LESSON CONTENT
Note: The content of this part is lifted from the reference book:
For those who already have the reference book/work text, please refer to pp. 66-76.
Reference Book:
Corpuz, B.C., Lucas, M.D., Borabo, H.L.& Lucido, P.I.( 2018). The Child and Adolescent Learners and
Learning Principles (pp.49-65). Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing Inc.
MODULE 5 Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

- Maria Rita D. Lucas, Phd
“The ego is not master in its own house."

- Sigmund Freud
INTRODUCTION
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“ In accordance with Section 185, Fair use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be
reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.”
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Freud's views about human development are more than a century old. He can be
considered the most well known psychologist because of his very interesting theory about the
unconscious and also about sexual development. Although a lot of his views were criticized and
some considered them debunked, (he himself recanted some of his earlier views). Freud's
theory remains to be one of the most influential in psychology. His theory sparked the ideas in
the brilliant minds of other theorists and thus became the starting point of many other theories,
notable of which is Erikson's Psychosocial theory in Module 7.
ACTIVITY
1. Recall a recent incident in your life when you had to make a decision. Narrate the situation
below. Indicate what the decision was about, the factors that were involved and how you
arrived at your decision.
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ANALYSIS
What factors influenced you in making your decision? Which of the following did you
consider most in making your decision: what will make you feel satisfied, what is most beneficial
or practical, or what you believed was the most moral thing to do? Elaborate on your answer.
____________________________________________________________________________
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ABSTRACTION/GENERALIZATION
As a person grows, the personality is also formed. Many psychologists present different
views about how personality develops. As mentioned, Freud presents a very interesting theory
about personality, its components and development. Read on and hopefully it will also somehow
lead you to understand more your own personality. As you read through Freud's theory, fill out
the graphic organizer below to highlight the important concepts:
Erogenous zone. A specific area that becomes the focus of pleasure needs. This may be
the mouth, anus and the genitals.
Fixation. Results from failure to satisfy the needs of a particular Psychosexual

stage.
1. Oral Stage
Erogenous Zone ________________________________________________________
Description of the Stage

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Fixations_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. Anal Stage
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Erogenous Zone ________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Fixations_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. Phallic Stage
Erogenous Zone ________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Fixations_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
4. Latency Stage
Erogenous Zone ________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Fixations_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
5. Genital Stage
Erogenous Zone ________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Fixations_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development
Freud is the most popular psychologist that studied the development of personality, also
probably the most controversial. His theory of psychosexual development includes five distinct
stages. According to Freud, a person goes through the sequence of these five stages and along
the way there are needs to be met. Whether these needs are met or not, determines whether
the person will develop a healthy personality or not. The theory is quite interesting for many
because Freud identified specific erogenous zones for each stage of development. These are
specific "pleasure areas" that become focal points for the particular stage. If needs are not met
along the area, a fixation occurs. As an adult, the person will now manifest behaviors related to
this erogenous zone.
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Oral Stage (birth to 18 months). The erogenous zone is the mouth. During the oral
stage, the child is focused on oral pleasures (sucking). Too much or too little satisfaction can
lead to an Oral Fixation or Oral Personality which is shown in an increased focus on oral
activities. This type of personality may be oral receptive, that is, have a stronger tendency to
smoke, drink alcohol, overeat, or oral aggressive, that is, with a tendency to bite his or her
nails, or use curse words or even gossip. As a result, these persons may become too
dependent on others, easily fooled, and lack leadership traits. On the other hand, they may also
fight these tendencies and become pessimistic and aggressive in relating with people.
Anal Stage (18 months to 3 years). The child's focus of pleasure in this stage is the
anus. The child finds satisfaction in eliminating and retaining feces. Through society's
expectations, particularly the parents, the child needs to work on toilet training. Let us remember
that between one year and a half to three years the child's favorite word might be "Nol".
Therefore a struggle might exist in the toilet training process when the child retains feces when
asked to eliminate, or may choose to defecate when asked to hold feces for some reason. In
terms of personality, fixation during this stage can result in being anal retentive, an obsession
with cleanliness, perfection, and control; or anal expulsive where the person may become
messy and disorganized.
Phallic Stage (ages 3 to 6). The pleasure or erogenous zone is the genitals. During the
preschool age, children become interest in what makes boys and girls different. Preschoolers
will sometimes be seen fondling their genitals. Freud's studies led him to believe that during this
stage boys develop unconscious sexual desire for their mother. Boys then see their father as a
rival for her mother’s affection. Boys may fear that their father will punish them for these
feelings, thus, the castration anxiety. These feelings comprise what Freud called Oedipus
Complex. In Greek Mythology, Oedipus unintentionally killed his father and married his mother
Jocasta.
Psychoanalysts also believed that girls may also have a similar experience, developing
unconscious sexual attraction towards their father. This is what is referred to as the Electra
Complex.
According to Freud, out of fear of castration and due to the strong competition of their
father, boys eventually decide to identify with them rather than fight them. By identifying with
their father, the boys develop masculine characteristics and identify themselves as males and
repress their sexual feelings toward their mother. A fixation at this stage could result in sexual
deviancies (both overindulging and avoidance) and weak or confused sexual identity according
to psychoanalysts.
Latency Stage (age 6 to puberty). It's during this stage that sexual urges remain
repressed. The children's focus is the acquisition of physical and academic skills. Boys usually
relate more with boys and girls with girls during this stage.
Genital Stage (puberty onwards). The fifth stage of psychosexual development begins
at the start of puberty when sexual urges are once again awakened. In the earlier stages,
adolescents focus their sexual urges towards the opposite sex peers, with the pleasure
centered on the genitals.
Freud's Personality Components

Freud described the personality structures as having three components, the id, the ego
and the superego. For each person, the first to emerge is the id, followed by the ego, and last
to develop is the superego.
While reading about the three components, use the graphic organizer below to put your
notes and questions about them
Ego
IId Superego
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reproduced for educational purposesOne’s
only and not for commercial distribution.”
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Personality
The id. Freud says that, a child is born with the id. The id plays a vital role in one's
personality because as a baby, it works so that the baby's essential needs are met. The id
operates on the pleasure principle. It focuses on immediate gratification or satisfaction of its
needs. So whatever feels good now is what it will pursue with no consideration for the reality,
logicality or practicality of the situation. For example, a baby is hungry. It's id wants food or
milk... so the baby will cry. When the child needs to be changed, the id cries. When the child is
uncomfortable, in pain, too hot, too cold, or just wants attention, the id speaks up until his or her
needs are met.
Nothing else matters to the id except the satisfaction of its own needs. It is not oriented
towards considering reality nor the needs of others. Just see how babies cry any time of day
and night! Absolutely no regard of whether mommy is tired or daddy is sleeping. When the id
wants something, it wants it now and it wants it fast!
The ego. As the baby turns into a toddler and then into a preschooler, he/she relates
more with the environment, the environment, the ego slowly begins to emerge. The ego
operates using the reality principle. It is aware that others also have needs to be met. It is
practical because it knows that being impulsive or selfish can result to negative consequences
later, so it reasons and considers the best response to situations. As such, it is the deciding
agent of the personality. Although it functions to help the id meet its needs, it always takes into
account the reality of the situation.
The superego. Near the end of the preschool years, or the end of the phallic stage, the
superego develops. The superego embodies a person's moral aspect. This develops from
what the parents, teachers and other persons who exert influence impart to be good or moral.
The superego is likened to conscience because it exerts influence on what one considers right
and wrong.
The Three Components and Personality Adjustment

Freud said that a well-adjusted person is one who has strong ego. who can help satisfy
the needs of the id without going against the superego while maintaining the person's sense of
what is logical, practical and real. Of course, it is not easy for the ego to do all that and strike a
balance. If the id exerts too much power over the ego, the person becomes too impulsive and
pleasure-seeking behavior takes over one's life. On the opposite direction, one may find the
superego so strong that the ego is overpowered. The person becomes so harsh and
judgmental to himself and others' actions. The person's best effort to be good may still fall short
of the superego's expectations.
The ability of a learner to be well-adjusted is largely influenced by how the learner was
brought. up. His experiences about how his parents met his needs, the extent to which he was
allowed to do the things he wanted to do, and also how he was taught about right and wrong, all
figures to "the type, of personality and consequent adjustment that a person will make. Freud
believed that the personality of an individual is formed early during the childhood years.
Topographical Model
The Unconscious. Freud said that most what we go through in our lives, emotions,
beliefs, feelings, and impulses deep within are not available to us at a conscious level. He
believed that most of what influence us is our unconscious. The Oedipus and Electra Complex
mentioned earlier were both buried down into the unconscious, out of our awareness due to the
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extreme anxiety they caused. While these complexes are in our unconscious, they still
influence our thinking, feeling and doing in perhaps dramatic ways
The Conscious. Freud also said that all that we are aware of is in our conscious mind.
Our conscious mind only comprises a very small part of who we are so that, in our everyday life,
we are only aware of a very small part of what makes up our personality; most of what we are
is hidden and out of reach.
The Subconscious. The last part is the preconscious or subconscious. This is the part
of us that we can reach if prompted, but is not in our active conscious. Its right below the
surface, but still "hidden" somewhat unless we search for it. Information such as our telephone
number, some childhood memories, or the name of your best childhood friend is stored in the
preconscious.
Because the unconscious is so huge, and because we are only aware of the very small
conscious at any given time, Freud used the analogy of the iceberg to illustrate it. A big part of
the iceberg is hidden beneath the water's surface.
The water, may represent all that we are not aware of, have not experienced, and that
has not been made part of our personalities, referred to as the nonconscious.
Source: https://wecommunication.blogspot.com/2020/11/i-n-the1890s-freud-proposed-theory-that.html
APPLICATION
1. Freud used the case study method to gather the data he used to formulate his
theories. Among the many case studies, five really stood out as bases of his concepts
and ideas. Do further reading of these case studies and write a reaction paper on one
of these case studies focusing on how he explained the personality development of
the individuals in the case studies.
From your internet search engine, just type Freud's case studies. It will be easy to find a
pdf file which you can readily download.
VI. LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Note: Again, you are hereby instructed to submit ONLY those that are in this part (Learning Activities)
and the assignment below.
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1. What do you think are the reasons why Freud’s views are criticized and considered as one
of the most controversial theories in psychology?
2. Describe Freud’s family background. Describe the composition of his family. What do you
think was it like for Freud growing up in this family? (p75)
VII. ASSIGNMENT
Reflection paper (p 76, Complete this unfinished statement)
.
From the module on Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory, I learned that

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VIII. EVALUATION (Note: Not to be included in the student’s copy of the IM)
IX. REFERENCES
A) Books
Corpuz, B.C., Lucas, M.D., Borabo, H.L.& Lucido, P.I.( 2018). The Child and Adolescent
Learners and learning Principles. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing Inc.
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220)
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Prepared by and compiled by:
FLORALYN V. AGARAN
BEED Faculty
Reviewed by:
WILHELMINA C. BULLECER, PhD

Department Chair
Approved by:
ELMA P. APOSTOL, EdD

College Dean
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Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

College: TEACHER EDUCATION

DEGREE PROGRAM BEED/BPE COURSE PROFED101

I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE: Developmental Theories and Other Relevant Theories

II. LESSON TITLE: Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory

IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES: (p 77)

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1. explain Freud’s views about child and adolescent development and

2. draw implications of Freud’s theory to education

MODULE 5 Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

“The ego is not master in its own house."

Fixation. Results from failure to satisfy the needs of a particular Psychosexual

Erogenous Zone ________________________________________________________

Description of the Stage

Erogenous Zone ________________________________________________________

Description of the Stage

Erogenous Zone ________________________________________________________

Description of the Stage

Erogenous Zone ________________________________________________________

Description of the Stage

Erogenous Zone ________________________________________________________

Description of the Stage

Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development

Freud's Personality Components

The Three Components and Personality Adjustment

VI. LEARNING ACTIVITIES

From the module on Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory, I learned that

Prepared by and compiled by:

WILHELMINA C. BULLECER, PhD

ELMA P. APOSTOL, EdD

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