GENERAL

PHYSICS 1
JOANNA MARIE I. MAG-APAN
Subject Teacher
 S C A L A R V E C T O R

a physical quantity that has a physical quantity that has

magnitude magnitude and direction

Example: Example:
50 km/h 50 km/h North
(SPEED) (VELOCITY)

( + ) SIGN : MOVING FORWARD;

SAME DIRECTION
( - ) SIGN : MOVING BACKWARDS;
OPPOSITE DIRECTION
 V E C T O R R E P R E S E N T A T I O N
The representation of the vector is done by a directed line segment.
It is an arrow that has a head and a tail.

magnitude

tail head
 V E C T O R N O T A T I O N
Vector notation is how to write vectors in mathematics

USING AN ARROW USING BOLDFACE

A A
VECTOR
ADDITION
 V E C T O R A D D I T I O N
the process of combining two or more vectors.

R E S U L T A N T V E C T O R
a single vector which is the sum of two or more vectors

M E T H O D S

GRAPHICAL or ANALYTICAL
GRAPHICAL
METHOD
 G R A P H I C A L M E T H O D S
The graphical method uses a ruler (magnitude) and protractor (direction) ,
which requires knowledge of scaling.

The resultant is measured from the tail of the first vector to the head of the
last vector
 Example:

Lauren wants to find her

N
way home from the
church. She walks 6 m
Northeast then finally
turns Northwest and
walks 3m. Determine
Lauren’s total
W E displacement.

SCALE: 1 m = 1 cm
 Example:

Lauren wants to find her

N
45° way home from the
church. She walks 6 m
Northeast then finally
turns Northwest and
walks 3m. Determine
Lauren’s total
W E displacement.

SCALE: 1 m = 1 cm
 Example:

Lauren wants to find her

N
way home from the
church. She walks 6 m
Northeast then finally
turns Northwest and
walks 3m. Determine
Lauren’s total
W E displacement.

SCALE: 1 m = 1 cm
 45°
Example:

Lauren wants to find her

N
way home from the
church. She walks 6 m
Northeast then finally
turns Northwest and
walks 3m. Determine
A = 6m, NE Lauren’s total
W E displacement.

SCALE: 1 m = 1 cm
 Example:

Lauren wants to find her

N
way home from the
church. She walks 6 m
Northeast then finally
turns Northwest and
walks 3m. Determine
A = 6m, NE Lauren’s total
W E displacement.

SCALE: 1 m = 1 cm
 Example:
B = 3m, NW
Lauren wants to find her
N
way home from the
church. She walks 6 m
Northeast then finally
R turns Northwest and
walks 3m. Determine
A = 6m, NE Lauren’s total
W E displacement.
S

SCALE: 1 m = 1 cm
 Example:
B = 3m, NW
Lauren wants to find her
N
way home from the
church. She walks 6 m
Northeast then finally
turns Northwest and
R = 6.5 m walks 3m. Determine
A = 6m, NE Lauren’s total
W E displacement.
S

SCALE: 1 m = 1 cm
 Example:
B = 3m, NW
Lauren wants to find her
70° way home from the
church. She walks 6 m
Northeast then finally
turns Northwest and
R = 6.5 m walks 3m. Determine
A = 6m, NE Lauren’s total
displacement.

SCALE: 1 m = 1 cm
 Example:
B = 3m, NW
Lauren wants to find her
N
way home from the
church. She walks 6 m
R = 6.5 m, Northeast then finally
70° N of E turns Northwest and
20° E of N walks 3m. Determine
A = 6m, NE Lauren’s total
W E displacement.
S

SCALE: 1 m = 1 cm
 Example:

Lauren wants to find her

N
way home from the
church. She walks 6 m
20° Northeast then finally
R = 6.5 m,
70° N of E or turns Northwest and
20° E of N walks 3m. Determine
70°
Lauren’s total
W E displacement.
S

SCALE: 1 m = 1 cm
ANALYTICAL
METHOD
 A N A L Y T I C A L M E T H O D
A method of vector addition that involves using the Pythagorean Theorem
and trigonometric identities to determine the magnitude and direction of the
resultant vector.

Pythagorean Theorem:
𝐜 𝟐 = 𝐚𝟐 + 𝐛 𝟐
𝐜 = 𝐚𝟐 + 𝐛 𝟐
 A N A L Y T I C A L M E T H O D
A method of vector addition that involves using the Pythagorean Theorem
and trigonometric identities to determine the magnitude and direction of the
resultant vector.
 A N A L Y T I C A L M E T H O D

Resultant:
𝑥– 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐴:
𝑨𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽
𝐑= (𝐑 𝐗 )𝟐 +(𝐑 𝐘 )𝟐
where 𝑦– 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐴:
RX = sum of x-components 𝑨𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽
RY = sum of y-components
𝑁𝑜𝑡𝑒: 𝜃 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑢𝑝 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
EXERCISE: Locating the angle of direction (θ)

50°
90° 90°
40°

20°

1.) 20° S of W 2.) 50° E of N

θ = 200° θ = 40°
A N A L Y T I C A L M E T H O D

Direction:

𝐑𝐘 −
𝐑𝐘
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝛉 = 𝐨𝐫 𝛉 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧
𝐑𝐗 𝐑𝐗
where
RX = sum of x-components
RY = sum of y-components
Example:

Lauren wants to find her way home from the church. She walks 6 m
Northeast then finally turns Northwest and walks 3m. Determine Lauren’s
total displacement.

A = 6m ; NE B = 3m ; NW
θ = 45° θ = 45°+90°
= 135°
Example:
A = 6, θ = 45° ; B = 3, θ = 135°

Vector x-component y-component

A
B
TOTAL