Assignment # 4

Please read the following instructions:

1. Please provide a complete solution.

2. Plagiarism or Cheating is not allowed. Even if you cheat in only
one question, you will be marked zero in the entire assignment.
3. To submit: Submission folder will be created on teams
4. SECTION: A9

5. ROLL NUMBER: 0395

6. NAME: Hashaam

Total marks: 40
Submission Due date: 25 June 2021

Question 1: (5 marks)

Find a truth value of a conditional.

A-If 3 is an integer then 3 is a rational number.

b- If 4<2 then 3-7=-1

ANS; To find the truth value of a conditional, we need to determine whether the conclusion of the
conditional statement is true or false given the truth of the premise.

A- For the first statement "If 3 is an integer then 3 is a rational number", the premise is true (3 is an
integer) and the conclusion is also true (3 is a rational number). Therefore, this conditional
statement is true.

B-For the second statement "If 4<2 then 3-7=-1", the premise is false (4 is not less than 2) and
hence the conclusion can be either true or false. Since 3-7 is not equal to -1, the conclusion is false.
Therefore, this conditional statement is false.

Question 2: (10 marks)

1. Construct a truth table for a statement involving a conditional.

a- ~q →[ p ˄ ~q]
 b- [ p ˄(q ˄~p)] → q]
a) ~q →[ p ˄ ~q]
p q ~q p ˄ ~q ~q →[ p ˄ ~q]
T T F F T
T F T T T
F T F F T
F F T T T
b) [ p ˄(q ˄~p)] → q
[ p ˄(q ˄~p)]
p q ~p q ˄~p p ˄(q ˄~p) →q
T T F T T T
T F F F F T
F T T T F T
F F T T F T
 Question 3: (10 marks)

Write a converse, inverse and contrapositive of a conditional and make truth table of a
given statement.
ANS:
a- If we have not a quiz today, then we will have a quiz tomorrow.
Given the statement "If we have not a quiz today, then we will have a quiz tomorrow", we can find
its converse, inverse, and contrapositive as follows:
1. Converse: The converse of a statement is obtained by reversing the order of the premises
and conclusion. The converse of the given statement is: "If we will have a quiz tomorrow,
then we have not a quiz today".
2. Inverse: The inverse of a statement is obtained by negating both the premise and
conclusion. The inverse of the given statement is: "If we have a quiz today, then we will
not have a quiz tomorrow".
3. Contrapositive: The contrapositive of a statement is obtained by negating the conclusion,
then reversing the order of the premise and conclusion. The contrapositive of the given
statement is: "If we will not have a quiz tomorrow, then we have a quiz today".
Truth Table:
We can construct a truth table to evaluate the truth values of the original statement, its converse,
inverse, and contrapositive:
Quiz Original Contrapositiv
Quiz today tomorrow statement Converse Inverse e
T F F F T T
T T F F F T
F F T T F F
F T T T T T
In the truth table, the "Original statement" column represents the truth value of the original
statement "If we have not a quiz today, then we will have a quiz tomorrow". The "Converse"
column represents the truth value of the converse "If we will have a quiz tomorrow, then we have
not a quiz today", and so on.

Question 4: (5 marks)

Determine the truth value of Biconditional

Y+5 <7 if and only if y=4

X3=81 if and only if x=3

ANS-The truth value of a biconditional statement can be determined by evaluating both the

antecedent and the consequent and determining whether they are equivalent for a given value of

the variables.

4. Y+5 <7 if and only if y=4: Let's assume y=4, then y+5 = 4+5 = 9 which is not less than 7,

and on the other hand, when y=4, then y=4, which is true. Since both the antecedent and
 the consequent are true, the biconditional statement is true.

5. X3=81 if and only if x=3: Let's assume x=3, then x3 = 3^3 = 27, which is not equal to 81,

and on the other hand, when x=3, then x=3, which is true. Since the antecedent is false and

the consequent is true, the biconditional statement is false.

In conclusion, the truth value of the first biconditional is true, and the truth value of the second

biconditional is false.

Question 5: (10 marks)

Write the argument in symbolic form.

If I am going to visit Lahore, then I will not hire a driver.

If I will not hire a driver, then I will drive car myself.

ANS: The argument can be represented in symbolic form as follows:

Let "L" denote "I am going to visit Lahore" Let "D" denote "I will hire a driver" Let "C" denote "I
will drive the car myself"
The argument can be represented as:
(L → ~D) ∧ (~D → C)
This symbolic representation can be read as: If I am going to visit Lahore, then I will not hire a
driver and if I will not hire a driver, then I will drive the car myself.

DECLARATION:

I am aware of and understand the University’s policy on plagiarism and I certify that this assignment is
my own work, except where indicated by referencing, and that I have followed the good academic
practices noted above

Signed ........................................................................................................................................