Project No. 5011 Road M6.1 Junction page.

DESIGN OF ROAD STRUCTURE

DESIGN OF ROAD STRUCTURE M6.1 Junction WF Mesihovina

Preface

This design is performed following the book I, part 1, chapter 7, of Directives for design,
construction, maintenance and supervision of roads, Sarajevo/Banjaluka 2005 (Official Gazette
of Federation BiH number 80/06).
Quantity and type of vehicles on the trunk road M6.1 section: section: Karlov Han – Kolo, with
junction to the plateau of windturbines, are taken from „Counting of the vehicles on the
Federation BiH trunk roads during years 2008, 2009 and 2010“.

1. CALCULATION DATA

 Design period T=20 years

 Possibility to drive on the road surface PT=2,5

at the end of design period

 The regional factor R=2,00

 Bedding bearing power CBR>15

 Requested quality of the road structure

material (Marchal stability)
o Wearing course (AB) Sm,min=9,5 kN
o Bituminous course (layer) Sm,min=7,5-8,0 kN

 Average annual daily traffic See Table 1a , 1b i 1c

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DESIGN OF ROAD STRUCTURE

„Counting of the vehicles on the Federation BiH trunk roads during years 2008, 2009 and 2010.“
is shown on the following page together with PGDS and PLDS with traffic structure. The most
adverse traffic density, considered to be standard density, is the traffic density in 2008.

Table 1a Quantity and type of vehicles on trunk road M6.1 section: section: Karlov Han – Kolo . 1
Trucks Trucks Trucks
Trucks
load load load
PGDP Motorcycles Family cars Buses with
capacity capacity capacity
trailers
≤3,5t 3,5-7,0t ≥7,0t

2393 8 1935 21 29 62 42 154

100% 0,3% 80,9% 0,9% 1,2% 2,6% 1,7% 6,4%
M6.1
2920 15 2415 24 28 74 51 155
100% 0,5% 82,7% 0,8% 1,0% 2,5% 1,7% 5,3%

Tabela 1b Quantity and type of vehicles on trunk road M6.1 section: section: Karlov Han – Kolo . 2
Trucks Trucks Trucks
Trucks
load load load
PGDP Motorcycles Family cars Buses with
capacity capacity capacity
trailers
≤3,5t 3,5-7,0t ≥7,0t

2267 6 1875 18 25 53 36 119

100% 0,3% 82,7% 0,8% 1,1% 2,3% 1,6% 5,3%
M6.1
2932 13 2461 21 25 66 43 139
100% 0,4% 83,9% 0,7% 0,9% 2,3% 1,5% 4,8%

Tabela 1c Quantity and type of vehicles on trunk road M6.1 section: section: Karlov Han – Kolo 3

Trucks Trucks Trucks

Trucks
load load load
PGDP Motorcycles Family cars Buses with
capacity capacity capacity
trailers
≤3,5t 3,5-7,0t ≥7,0t

2210 6 1829 16 27 56 39 104

100% 0,3% 82,8% 0,7% 1,2% 2,5% 1,7% 4,7%
M6.1
2931 17 2440 20 28 70 51 129
100% 0,6% 83,2% 0,7% 1,0% 2,4% 1,8% 4,4%

1
Taken from „Counting of the vehicles on the Federation BiH trunk roads during the year 2008.“
2
Taken from „Counting of the vehicles on the Federation BiH trunk roads during the year 2009.“
3
Taken from „Counting of the vehicles on the Federation BiH trunk roads during the year 2010.“
 Project No. 5011 Road M6.1 Junction page.3

DESIGN OF ROAD STRUCTURE

2. AXLE WEIGHT OF SOME REPRESENTATIVE TYPES OF

VEHICLES

On the front axle On the central axle On the rear axle

G 14,00 kN 13,00 kN
TRUCK LT2 Q 3x0,70=2,10 kN 17x0,70=11,90 kN
Load capacity ≤3t (30kN) G+Q 16,10 kN 24,90 kN
Number of axles:2 Fe 0,0015 0,011
ΣFe 0,0125

G 33,00 kN 67,00 kN
BUS A2 Q 14x0,70=9,80 kN 26x0,70=18,20 kN
Load capacity 4t (40kN) G+Q 42,80 kN 85,20 kN
Number of axles:2 Fe 0,060 1,180
ΣFe 1,240

G 29,00 kN 21,00 kN
TRUCK ST2
Q 6x0,70=4,20 kN 44x0,70=30,80 kN
Load capacity 3,5-7t (35-
G+Q 33,20 kN 51,80 kN
70kN)
Fe 0,0375 0,138
Nuber of axles:2
ΣFe 0,180

G 30,00 kN 20,00 kN
TRUCK TT2 Q 20x0,70=14,00 kN 80x0,70=56,00 kN
Load capacityt ›7t (70kN) G+Q 44,00 kN 76,00 kN
Number of axles:2 Fe 0,097 0,740
ΣFe 0,820

G 40,00 kN 2x35,00=70,00 kN 2x25,00=50,00 kN

TRUCK WITH
Q 20x0,70=14,00 kN 2x45,00x0,70=63,00 kN 2x55x0,70=77,00 kN
TRAILER+PPR2
G+Q 54,00 kN 133,00 kN 127,00 kN
Load capacity 23t (220kN)
Fe 0,210 0,640 0,480
Number of axles:2
ΣFe 1,330

Marks:
G – sole-weight of the empty vehicle
Q – load
G+Q – total weight
Fe – equivalency factor
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DESIGN OF ROAD STRUCTURE

3. DESIGN OF TRAFFIC DENSITY

AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC DENSITY ON THE BUSSIEST ROAD LANE

Type of the vehicle Number of vehicles Equivalency factor Number of passes

n ΣFe NOO= n x ΣFe

FAMILY CARS 2415 0,00006 0,15

TRUCK LT2 24 0,0125 0,3
BUS A2 29 1,240 35,96
TRUCK ST2 74 0,180 13,32
TRUCK TT2 51 0,820 41,82
TRUCK WITH TRAILER
155 1,330 206,15
TTV3+PPR2

Total (number of equivalent axles per day) Td=Σ(NOO): 297,7

AVERAGE ANNUAL TRAFFIC DENSITY ON THE BUSSIEST ROAD

LANE

Tg = Td x 365 = 297,7 x 365 = 108 660 equivalent axles per year

 Design period as of 2012.godine

 Counting done in 2008.
 Increase rate from 2008 until 2012 year. = 2,0%
 Number of vehicles at the beginning of the year 2012.is:
equivalent axles per year
 Design period = 20 years
 Accepted average annual increase rate of traffic density from 2012 until 2032 is 2,00% .
 Total number of vehicles for whole design period:
Influence factor of traffic lane width fst=1,10
(from directives 1.1.7, chapter 2.1,table 6, road lane width 3,25-3,75m)
Influence factor of the ground level longitudinal gradient fnn=1,05
(from directives 1.1.7, chapter 2.1, table 7,average ground level gradient 4,5%)
Factor of traffic density increase fpo=25
(from directives 1.1.7,chapter 2.1,table 8, for the period of 20 years and annual increase
rate of 2,00%)
eqiuvalent axles4

4
Or 3 363 848 passes for nominal axle weight (NOO) 82kN
 Project No. 5011 Road M6.1 Junction page.5

DESIGN OF ROAD STRUCTURE

Factor of traffic density distribution fpp onto road lanes

Number of Factor
traffic lanes of traffic density distribution onto road lanes

Remark: factor of traffic density distributionis is not concidered due to the fact that maximum
measured traffic density in one road lane is taken into calculations.

Influence factor of traffic lane fst width onto traffic density

Road line width Lane width factor

Influence factor of the road surface ground level fnn longitudinal gradient onto traffic density

Ground level gradient Road surface ground level

gradient factor

Factors of traffic density increase fpo depending on designed annual traffic increase and
estimated traffic duration

Estimated Annual traffic increase rate (%)

duration
(years)
Traffic density increase factor
 Project No. 5011 Road M6.1 Junction page.6

DESIGN OF ROAD STRUCTURE

4. ROAD SURFACE DESIGN

Equivalent traffic density T20=3,3x106 of equvalent axles is, according to the classification,
inside the area of huge traffic density (directive 1.1.7, chapter 2.1, table 9).

Table 9: Traffic density classification into groups

Group Number
of traffic of passes of nominal axle weight of 82 KN
density per day for 20 years
- extremely high Over 3000 Over 2x 107
- very high From 800 to 3000 From 6x106 to 2x107
- high From 300 to 800 From 2x106 to 6x106
- medium From 80 to 300 from 6x105 to 2x106
- low From 30 to 80 from 2x105 to 6x105
- very low Over 30 up to 2x 105

Average value of the equivalence factor for asphalt compound in the road surface is apz=0,38
(directive 1.1.7, chapter 2.5, table 3)

Table 3: Average value of the equivality factor of basic material for road construction
_________________________________________________________________
Type of material Equivality factor ai__
- for road surface:
o bitumenous concrete a0=0,42
o fine grained material with bitumenous mastic (SMA) a0=0,42
- for upper wearing layer:
o bitumenous crushed stone azv=0,35
o bitumenous gravel azv=0,28
- for lower bonded wearing layer:
o stone aggregate stabilized by:
 bitumen azv=0,24
 cement azv=0,20
- for lower not bonded wearing layer:
o crushed stone asn=0,14
o gravel asn=0,11*
 limited by height of the leyer of 40 cm
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DESIGN OF ROAD STRUCTURE

Determination of basic layers height

As foreseen, compaction will be performed for CBR≥15%. According to the Directives (page
136, drawing 9), the following initial values (dimensions) should be accepted:
- total height of asphalt layers da= 12 cm
- road base height (crushed stone) dt= 50 cm
Index of the height is:
D= dax apz+ dtx asn=12x0,38+50x0,14=11,56cm

Determination of road structure layers

Assumed layers:
a) asphaltic concrete course AB do =4cm ao = 0,42
b) bituminous binder bearing coat BNS dzv=8cm azv= 0,35
c) road base dsn =50cm asn= 0,14
 Project No. 5011 Road M6.1 Junction page.8

DESIGN OF ROAD STRUCTURE

Freezing Criterion

According to the Freezing Depth Chart (directive 1.1.7, chapter 2.2) freezing depth in the area
of the road is hm=70-90 cm.

Freezing depths chart

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DESIGN OF ROAD STRUCTURE

According to the tables 1 and 2 and criterions for hydrologic conditions (directive 1.1.7, chapter
2.2), could be concluded that designed structure is „strength enough“ and hydrologic conditions
are „favourable“.
Therefore, the minimum height of road structure, according to freezing criterion, is
hmin=0,6x90=54cm < husv=62cm.

Table 1. Minimum implied height of the road structure hmin

Strenght of material, Hidrologic Height of

under the road structure, conditions the road structure
on freezing and melting hmin
resistant favourable ≥0,6 hm
not favourable ≥0,7 hm
not resistant favourable ≥0,7 hm
not favourable ≥0,8 hm

Table 2: Classification of the material (aggregate) based on freezing susceptibility

Grading up to
Class Susceptibility 0,063 mm Classification1
% mass
F1 not susceptible <5 GW, GP
SW, SP
GC2, GM2
F2 low or medium susceptible 5... 15 SC2, SM2
CL, CH
SM- ML
F3 high susceptible > 15 ML, MH
 CL- ML

Legend:
¹_ Classification according to DIN 18 196 and USCS
G- gravel
S- sand
M- dust
C- clay
²_ F1 class, if the condition shown in the Chart 2 is applied.
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DESIGN OF ROAD STRUCTURE

Accepted dimensions (values)

According to before performed analyses, the following layers of road surface are accepted:

- Asphaltic concrete course SBM16 (22)..........4 cm (made of igneous rock)

- Bituminous binder bearing coat BNS 22 .......8 cm
- Road base ......................................................50 cm
TOTAL : 62 cm