Summary Chapter 3

Bernoulli equation Need to know

1
p + ρV 2 = const
2

Pressure coefficient Need to know

p − p∞
Cp = Definition
q∞
2
V 
Cp = 1−   For incompressible flow
 V∞ 

Laplace Equation Need to know

∂ 2φ ∂ 2φ ∂ 2φ
+ + = 0 ⇔ ∆φ = ∇ ⋅ ∇φ = ∇ 2φ = 0
∂x 2 ∂y 2 ∂z 2
∂ 2ψ ∂ 2ψ ∂ 2ψ
+ 2 + 2 = 0 ⇔ ∇ 2ψ = 0
∂x 2
∂y ∂z

Boundary condition for potential flow Need to know

∂φ
u= = V∞
∂x
at infinity
∂φ
v= =0
∂y
V ⋅n = 0 at body (Neumann BC), or
∂φ
=0 at body (Dirichlet BC)
∂n

Velocity components in Cartesian coordinates Need to know

∂φ ∂φ ∂φ
u= , v= , w= .
∂x ∂y ∂z

Velocity components expressed in the potential in polar coordinates Need to know

∂φ
ur =
∂r
1 ∂φ
uθ =
r ∂θ

Laplace equation in polar coordinates If necessary, these equations will be given

1 ∂  ∂φ  1 ∂ 2φ ∂ 2φ
∆φ = r  + +
r ∂r  ∂r  r 2 ∂θ 2 ∂z 2
Laplace equation in polar coordinates If necessary, these equations will be given
1 ∂ 2 ∂φ  ∂  ∂φ  ∂  1 ∂φ  
∆φ = 2   r sin θ +  sin θ + 
r sin θ  ∂r  ∂r  ∂θ  ∂θ  ∂ϕ  sin θ ∂ϕ  

Velocity components expressed in the stream function in polar coordinates Need to

know
1 ∂ψ
ur =
r ∂θ
∂ψ
uθ = −
∂r

Summary of some potential flows Need to know

Potential Stream function
Uniform flow in
φ = V∞ x ψ = V∞ y
the x-direction
Q Q
Source flow φ= ln r ψ= θ
2π 2π
κ cos θ −κ sin θ
Doublet flow φ= ψ=
2π r 2π r
−Γ Γ
Vortex flow φ= θ ψ= ln r
2π 2π

Circulation Need to know

Γ = −∫V ⋅ds

Lift per unit span of a body of arbitrary shape (Kutta-Joukowsky Theorem) Need to
know
L = ρV∞ Γ