Equations

dP GMencl p
= ⇢g = ⇢ E= p2 c2 + (mc2 )2
dr r2
dMencl p2
= 4⇡r2 ⇢ En.r. = mc2 +
dr 2m

3hP iV = Egrav Eu.r. = pc

p U = aT 4
Net distance ⇡ Nscat mfp
(Net distance)2 a 4
Total distance ⇡ Nscat mfp ⇡ P = T
mfp 3

1 3h3
mfp = p3F = ne
n 8⇡
✓ ◆2/3
L = 4⇡ 2 4
SB R T
h2 3
Pn.r. = n5/3
e
5me 8⇡
F = aT 4 ✓ ◆1/3
hc 3
Pu.r. = n4/3
e
4 8⇡
⇢
P = nkB T = kB T
m
2⇡mkB T 3/2
3 3⇢ n ⇡ g( ) exp [(µ E0 )/(kB T )]
Un.r. = nkB T = kB T h2
2 2m
1 dT 1 T dP
Pu.r. = U <
3 dr P dr

4acT 3 dT
3hP iV = Egrav Frad =
3⇢ dr
2 2⇡mkB T 3/2
Pn.r. = U nQ = ( )
3 h2

Constants

N m2 23
G = 6.674 ⇥ 10 11 kB = 1.381 ⇥ 10 m2 kg s 2
K 1
kg2 5
= 8.6 ⇥ 10 eV /K
34
h = 6.626 ⇥ 10 Js 16 3 4
a = 7.566 ⇥ 10 Jm K

ac 8 2 4
c = 2.998 ⇥ 108 m s 1
SB = = 5.67 ⇥ 10 Wm K
4

5
M = 1.99 ⇥ 1030 kg mp = 1.673 ⇥ 10 27
kg

R = 6.96 ⇥ 108 m
1 au = 1.5 ⇥ 1011 m
L = 3.83 ⇥ 1026 W
29
t,electron = 6.65 ⇥ 10 m2
14
< P > ⇡ 10 Pa

31
N
me = 9.109 ⇥ 10 kg 1 Pa = 1
m2