CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

A. Background
English is the international language. By mastering English well, we will
be able to communicate with other nations in this world. Besides that, we will also
be able to add insight and knowledge for the progress of our nation and country,
because we will be able to read English literature, listen to foreign radio
broadcasts, and watch other scientific films. Thus, in the end we can master
knowledge in all fields.
Of course, every language has rules or we often call them by their
respective grammatical terms, as well as in English there are lots of rules that
must be considered in its use, especially in the field of writing.

B. Problem Identification In this

Article, we summarize some of the things we will discuss, namely:
1. What is meant by Past Perfect Tense, Simple present tense formula and what
are the examples?
2. What is the definition of Present Perfect Continuous Tense, what is the formula
like, its division and examples?
3. What is Direct and Indirect Speech (direct and indirect speech)?
4. State the types of "modals"?

C. Purpose From the problem

Identification above, the author certainly aims to explain or explain these

points, according to the knowledge we get, both from source books and from our
teachers. Hopefully everything will benefit us. If there are errors in writing or
words in this paper, the author apologizes profusely.
 VALIDITY SHEET

This report entitled “Grammer English” has been read and approved. On
December 21, 2022 by :
Knowing :

Writer/author English subject lecturer

Rosa Nabila Andayani Mayka Morina, S.Pd.I., M.Pd.