HUMAN RESOURCE AND BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH

MID TERM

Celline Claudia
NIM B1024181005

INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT
FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS
UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA
PONTIANAK
2021
1. You explain and give examples the differences between Basic Rescarch and Applied
Research. (15%)
Basic research meaning research that seeks to advance the frontiers of knowledge
by creating new theories or modifying existing ones. Applied research is a research
methodology that creates practical solutions for specific problems while basic research is
an approach to research that seeks to expand knowledge in a field of study.
Based on the purposes between basic research and applied research, basic research
aim to expand knowledge of processes of business and management, results in universal
principles relating to the process and its relationship to outcomes, and the findings of
significance and value to the society in general. Besides, the purpose of applied research
which are improve understanding of particular business or management problem, results
in solution to problem, and findings of practical relevance and value to manager in
organization.
Basic research is driven by a scientist’s curiosity or interest in a scientific question.
The main motivation is to expand man’s knowledge, not to create or invent something.
There is no obvious commercial value to the discoveries that result from basic research.
Applied research is designed to solve practical problems of the modern world, rather than
to acquire knowledge for knowledge’s sake. One might say that the goal of the applied
scientist is to improve the human condition.
Basic research is giving additional to knowledge, while applied research is giving
solution to existing problems. Besides, basic research is more academic because it is based
on the theory, and applied research is used for solving problems. Applied research is useful
for finding practical solutions to defined problems while basic research is useful for
gathering novel information about a concept, phenomenon or field of study. Basic research
explores the functions and features of newly discovered phenomena in order to improve
the understanding of these concepts hence; it fuels scientific and technological innovations.
Applied research, on the other hand, helps to provide solutions to improve a specific
condition or create new technology.
Basic research is conducted in a controlled research environment such as a
laboratory while conceptual research is conducted in a real-life setting that is not sterile or
restricted. The sterile research context in basic research allows the researcher to strictly
 observe the behaviors and characteristics of the research subjects. In applied research,
however, the researcher allows the dependent and independent variables to freely interact
with one another in an unrestricted setting where other variables or third factors may
intervene. This allows the researcher to have a broader overview of the research problem
and arrive at valid and practical solutions.
Applied research is more limited in scope when compared to basic research. This
is because unlike basic research that can be applied to diverse concepts, applied research
largely focuses on a specific subject, and its research outcomes are primarily relevant to
this subject. Because it deals with diverse concepts across different subject matters, basic
research is considered a more universal research method than conceptual research.
Fundamental research explores knowledge across multiple dimensions in order to gather
new information and improve an existing body of knowledge.
Examples of basic research are about how did the universe begin, or the main factor
of high demand for a product. On the other hand, the examples of applied research are
investigating factors that improve worker's productivity and investigating factors that
increase the performance of workers in a company.

2. Describes and give examples the objectives of Human Resources and Behavioral
Research (15%)

a. It seeks to evaluate the present situation in the concerned area of research.

Human Resources and Behavioral Research about job performance during WFH
cause of Covid-19.
b. It facilitates prediction of future events and behavioral patterns.
Human Resources and Behavioral Research about high employee motivation post
Covid-19.
c. Evaluation of current programs, practices and policies is possible through
Human Resource research.
Human Resources and Behavioral Research about the program of training in
workplace virtually.
d. It facilitates evaluation of proposed Human Resource policies and programs.
 Human Resources and Behavioral Research about the evaluation about Human
Resources training program in workplace.

3. a You explain and give examiples view on research orientation. (20%)

Research orientation is a research directed at developing the science of Human
Resource Management, so implementation research is a systematic process in finding,
finding / developing and using knowledge to solve problems in Human Resource. Every
research is based on the problem that happen in one condition and the aims of research is
to find its solution towards the problem. There are 2 types of research orientation which
are research that stems from the problem and the research which is a systematic study of a
problem and all the facts that arise around it. Besides, research orientation also the
theoretical perspective which leads a researcher to a research, it oriented to theories which
are used. From a problem, researchers can develop a feasible and meaningful research
problem. Without problems, it is difficult to justify the possibility of a research problem
being formulated. Research problems and problems can arise from at least 2 reference
sources, namely field data and literature review or research findings.
The example of research orientation is about Covid-19. The research orientation is
about low job performance during Work From Home (WFH) because of Covid-19 and the
high work-balancing life for employee during Covid-19.

b. Definition and give examples of Problems in Research (20%)

A problem in research is a specific issue, difficulty, contradiction, or gap in
knowledge that will aim to address in research. Besides, a research problem is a statement
about an area of concern, a condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a
troubling question that exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to
the need for meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation. In some social science
disciplines the research problem is typically posed in the form of a question. A research
problem does not state how to do something, offer a vague or broad proposition, or present
a value question. The example of problems in research are what is the factor of high
turnover and factor of low motivation.
4. Explain and give examples how to determine the Criteria of the Problem (15%)

The way to determine criteria of the problem is that by putting the problem as a
starting point in Human Resource research process. For example the researcher know the
problem is about job performance in a company. Second, the researcher need to follow the
course of the flow which are symptom, problem, and make decision. The example of
symptoms is job performance in a company is decreased. Next, researchers need to get the
views of the parties companies and related parties in the human resource sector. For
example, the researcher can cooperate with the manager in the company in order to get the
valid data about the employee performance. The last but not least, researchers must
consider the sources and types of information whether it is available or not. For example,
the researcher need to find such as theory about job performance in order to get the right
research.

The criteria of the problem are the problem areas and topics of interest, its
theoretical or practical significance, it means that there is support for theoretical concepts
and previous research. This is for make the researcher has guidelines in doing research.
The researcher need to have relevant data available and can be obtained easily. The
contribution of research results to development theory or problem solving. The problem
can be tested through data collection and analysis and in accordance with the time and costs
available.

5. Describe and give examples common mistakes in making problems (15%)

1. Researchers collect data without a clear plan or purpose
One of the mistakes in making problem is that the researcher only collect lots of data
but the researcher do not have an idea what the data is for because it does not have a
clear purpose. For example, the researcher find a data about amount of poor people, but
the researcher cannot use the data because she or he does not have a clear plan.
2. Researchers obtained a number of data and tried to formulate research problems
in accordance with the available data
A research supposed not to formulate the problems only based on the available data,
because it is possible for a researcher get the different research results although the
problem is the same with previous researchers. The example is that when the researcher
 research about the effect of motivation towards job satisfaction, when the previous
research find the results that there is a relationship between effect of motivation and
job satisfaction, and the researcher follow its results, it is a mistakes for researchers.
3. Researchers formulate research problems that are too general and ambiguous,
making it difficult to interpret the results and make conclusions
It is really important for a researchers to determine and explain the research problem
in detail, in order the reader can know the purpose of the research. The example is that
the researchers want to research about job performance but the explanation about the
problem related job performance is not detail and it results, the researcher will be
confuse to make conclusion.
4. The researcher found the problem without first examining the results of similar
previous studies, so it is not supported by a theoretical framework.
The researcher do not read the previous research in making the research problem. It is
really important to learn from previous research in order to become a guide for the
researchers. Besides, the research need to be supported with the theoretical study based
on the previous research so that the result of the research will become a valid research.
The example is that when the research want to research about job performance, but not
based on previous research.
5. Researchers choose research problems whose results do not contribute to theory
development or practical problem solving
The researcher need to find the problem that can become the contribution in develop
the theory or solve the problem because it is the purpose of research. The example is
that the researcher problem about job performance but only paraphrase the results based
on previous researcher.