The impact on their academic performance of the students' decision to select the General

Academic Strand

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 APPROVAL SHEET

This project entitled:

The impact on their academic performance of the students' decision to select the General
Academic Strand

, prepared by

Chris Lawrence Galliguez.Lee Ann Khate Salazar,Lisandro Generosa,Mark Moen

Devera,Zanelyn Tiffany Valdez
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for our subject has been examined and is recommended
for Final Oral Presentation.

Mrs.Gloria Leoveras
Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS
Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of _________.

PANEL OF EXAMINERS ___________________________

Chairman
____________________
Member
____________________
Member
____________________
Date of Oral Examination: FEBRAURY 2023 Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
subject System Analysis and Design.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I would like to express my gratitude to God, the All-Powerful, for the
numerous blessings He bestowed upon us throughout our research and for making it
successful.

Additionally, the researchers would like to express our sincere gratitude to our research adviser
for providing us with invaluable supervision, support, and guidance throughout our study. We
would also like to express our gratitude to him for the compassion, patience, and knowledge he
imparts to us. It was a great honor and privilege to work and study under his direction.

The researchers are also indebted to the principal of the school and for providing us with the
opportunity to study 12th-grade students. Additionally, thanks to our statistician for sharing her
knowledge and technical expertise and to the senior high school teachers who have consented
to the full participation of the selected respondents in grade 12. Our research paper would not
have been possible without their assistance.

Additionally, we would like to express our gratitude to our respondents for their willing
assistance and complete cooperation, which contributed to the smooth conclusion of the
research study. We would also like to express our gratitude for your time and expertise in
conducting this study.

Last but not least, our most cherished parents for their unwavering support throughout the
research study's creation and their profound concern for the financial situation. in addition to
their words of encouragement throughout the nights spent conducting the research study.

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ABSTRACT

The objective of this research study is to determine what are the effects of choosing General
Academic Strand (GAS) in Senior High School Grade 12 students' Academic Performance of
SCCM during the School Year 2022-2023. The said study will be conducted inside St.Camillus
College of Manaoag and the respondents will be the grade 12 students in senior high school
level during the school year 2017-2018 and the aspects looked in to what is the effects if they
will choose GAS in their Academic Performance. This research can give an information on what
senior school students can benefit in to, if their decision in choosing GAS is made.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

A.INTRODUCTION
TItle page………………………………………………….……………………………………………...
……..1
Approval sheet………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………….2
Acknowledgement………………………………………………….
……………………………………..3
Abstract………………………………………………….………………………………………………...4
Background of the study………………………………………………….…………………………...5-7
● options for future career
● General Academic Strand In Senior-high school
● Academic aptitude of the student
Conceptual Framework………………………………………………….…………………………..…..8
● Figure 1
● Cause and Effect:
HYPOTHESIS………………………………………………….…………………………………
Statement of the problem………………………………………………….
……………………………………….
Definition of terms………………………………………………….…………………………….………9
significance of the study………………………………………………….
…………………………………………..
Scope and Delimitation………………………………………………….………………………..……10

B.REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Review of related literature………………………………………………….

………………………………..……… 11-13
● Local related literature
● Local Studies
● Foreign related literature
● Foreign studies

Synthesis and relevance to studies………………………………………………….

……………………………………….………14
C.Methodology

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 Chapter 1

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

OPTIONS FOR FUTURE CAREER

Many students don't have enough time to dedicate to career planning during their degree
course. They may be too busy working or raising a family to financially support themselves
through university, or they might be older students who are already established in their careers.
A study conducted by the Careers Service in the UK found that many of these students were not
regularly visiting the service due to other commitments such as work and school. In order for
students to choose an appropriate career, they need first understand what kind of person they
are--their values, interests, skills and abilities--before choosing a profession. in combination with
their personality type, make some occupations a good fit for them and others completely
inappropriate. Use self-assessment tools, often called career tests, to gather information about
their traits and, subsequently generate a list of occupations that are a good fit based on them.
Some people choose to work with a career counselor or other career development professionals
who can help them navigate this process.Some occupations are better suited for certain
personality types, while others would be completely inappropriate. Using self-assessment tools
can help you gather information about your traits and use that information to create a list of
occupations which match your interests based on those traits. Some people choose to work with
career counselors or other professionals who can assist them in this process.

In senior high school, students are typically studying a specific academic strand. This can be
anything from math to science to history.

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Cruz (2014) stated that the General Academic Strand is great for students who are still
undecided on which track to take.
There are a variety of academic subjects that students can choose from when pursuing their
high school diploma. These include humanities, social sciences, applied economics,
organization and management, and disaster preparedness. In the future however, it will be up to
the student to decide which electives they would like to take on under this track. The general
academic strand allows for electives taken from any other specialized strands in senior high
school.

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ACADEMIC APTITUDE OF THE STUDENT

Academic achievement is the degree to which an individual, teacher, or institution has achieved
their short-term and long-term educational goals. This can be measured through various
examinations or continuous assessments, but there is no single approach that everyone agrees
upon. In fact, it's up for debate on how best to measure academic success and which aspects
are most important.

When discussing "knowledge," one must consider all forms of knowledge, such as skills or
declarative information. Furthermore, there are many studies that have yet to produce a
successful model of predicting academic success based on individual factors alone; rather,
these elements should be taken into account when developing models of student achievement.

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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Figure 1. A schematic diagram that shows the relation between dependent and independent
variables.

Cause and Effect:

Students might alter the different pattern when they choose General Academic Strand which will
cause the results in Dependent Variables: Improvement of grades, Lower grades and the
stability of their grades.

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RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

If a student chooses General Academic Strand as their high school graduation course of study
in SCCM, there is an effect on their academic performance.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The objective of this study is to determine what are the effects of choosing General Academic
Strand (GAS) in Senior High-School Grade 12 students' Academic Performance of SCCM
during the school year 2022-2023
Specifically it answers the following questions:
What are the effects of choosing General Academic Strand in Grade 12 students:
Grades
What are the students’ basis when they chose General Academic Strand? Did they chose it by
forced or by choice?
What are its effects on their Academic Performance when they chose General Academic Strand
by forced/choice

DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
Effect - The effect is the result of something that causes a change, it can be a positive or a
negative effect.
Academic Performance - Every students have their grade or average every after the semester
and their output was based on their Academic Performance; Seat works, Activities, Quizzes and
Examinations.
Strand - The K-12 program curriculum has a track on which the students wants to pursue, one
of it was the Academic Track where in on that track, there are four strands that track, there are
four strands that the students can choose.
Education - Education has a big impact to the students because this is where they mostly rely
on for their future.
Success - The students was future-oriented that’s why they are more often focused for their
successful path career, this is why some of them are confused and difficult to choose a career
they want to pursue, but confusion - Every students were experiencing confusion in deciding on
what they want to pursue in Senior High as well as in college.
General Academics - Is the strand in Senior High School where in it can be chose by undecided
students because most of all the subjects inside this strand were majors and some of them are
already decided for what they want to be in the near future.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

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Choosing the right academic track is important; it can lead to success in your future. Education
is a right that should be taken advantage of, but it's also an essential stepping-stone on the way
to achieving your dreams. By doing research into this topic, we've been able to compile a list of
benefits that students who choose General Academic Strand will experience. These include
subjects covered in other courses too!
One of the goals of this research is to provide guidance to senior high school students in SCCM
about the various effects that choosing an academic strand will have on their future. The main
reason for conducting this study is to help seniors make more informed decisions regarding their
education paths.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This research study was conducted to determine what are the effects of choosing General
Academic Strand to the students’ Academic Performance. However, the said study will be
conducted inside St.Camillus College of Manaoag and the respondents will be the grade 12
students in Senior High School level during the School Year 2022-2023. The researchers used
the GPA (Grade Point Average) to measure the students’ academic Performance and will be
only used for Academic purposes and the grades of the students will remain its confidentiality.
The aspects looked in to what are the effects of the students’ decision in choosing General
Academic Strand in their Academic Performance.

The impact on their academic performance of the students' decision to select the General
Academic Strand

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 Chapter 2

review of related literature

LOCAL LITERATURE

“Never Get Bored With the Basics”Alan Stein, Jr. quotes retired NBA star, Kobe Bryant saying, “The
best never get bored with the basics.” For others the General Academic strand may mean ‘ordinary’ or
‘common’ which others may presume as not special, unsophisticated, or even inferior. Others may also
think the General Academic strand contains the fundamentals, the basic foundation to our specialties,
opinions vary. There are times when strands are generalized; each and every strand carries with it a
reputation, for GA, people may know the strand as sporty or basic, and may see other strands as more
intelligent or talented. But for many students, the GA strand is very important, it is a strand for the
undecided, where a student may explore more on what course he or she may want when entering college.
The General Academic strand is a way to further form our fundamentals, as Kobe Bryant said “the best
never get bored with the basics,” after all the basics are the foundation of unique abilities, and GA
students are still forming their fundamentals to best serve their community, until they can make up their
minds and decide on what track to take up, the General Academic strand is there to guide them.”
(Gino Yatco,2016)

LOCAL STUDIES

According to THE OFFICIAL GA STRAND MAGAZINE PUBLISHED BY MALABON GANG

SOCIETY-”The implementation of the K-12 program, introduced changes to the Philippine education.
One of the changes that K-12 has carried out, is the 4 different strands of the senior high school. STEM,
ABM, HUMMS, and GA are the four different strands senior high school students can choose from to be
able to get the kind of education they want and need for college. The General Academics Strand in
particular, focuses on students who are still in the process and still unfamiliar of what strand they want
and what course to take up in college. This strand provides students with basic electives from the other 3
strands to help them get a feel of what the different strands and courses have to offer”

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FOREIGN LITERATURE

Senior High School under the K-12 program started with a lot of pressure and expectations to them
acknowledging the students as the pioneer batch of this proposed program. Strands were introduced to
most schools, which separates students according to their choice of course. Mentioning the new
environments, culture shocks, and new educational programs, nervousness and pressure are inevitable not
just to the students of different strands but also to the teachers who belong to this program. One strand
had a rough start this first school year, which started on June 2016 following the issues of discrimination
and early stereotypes thrown at them because of the rejected students, and those who didn't pass the
ASHAPE forcing them to be placed in GA strand. This issue was researched qualitatively by a group of
students last semester explaining the effects of it to the involved students. During the course of the past
semester, the GA strand students who also bagged numerous academic awards in math, debate, and essay
contests together with the other strands proved this issue wrong. They were also competitors in both
academic and extracurricular activities particularly sports, which is also a characteristic embodied by the
other strands. They chose to stand up and proved that entrance exams or past grades do not measure an
individual's capabilities. They've set an example to the senior high school, breaking boundaries despite
the issues thrown at them.(Janfrey Loiz,2016)

FOREIGN STUDIES

different programs, assessments and job trainings at higher level. With the help of K to 12 Senior
High School, students were already exposed in broad subjects that made them be prepared for the
college environment or atmosphere.
According to Chait, R. and Venezia, A. (2009), with their journal entitled ‘’Improving
Academic Preparation for College.’’ Our society is moving toward a mode

l of preparing all students for some kind of education and training after high school. That is what
parents want for their children, what students say they want for themselves, and what analysts
and policymakers at all levels believe is needed for success in a global economy. The benefits to
the individual are clear college graduates earn more money, have better career opportunities,
engage in greater civic participation, and have a higher overall quality of life. High rates of
remediation, stagnant rates of college completion, and more time to degree completion suggest
that many students are not fully ready to succeed academically in college. Otherwise, weak
academic preparation is a growing concern in the research and policy communities.

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According
to Jay Greene (2009) of the Manhattan Institute defines college readiness as graduating with a
regular diploma, having completed a minimum set of course requirements (four years of English,
three years of math, and two years each of natural science, social science, and a foreign
language), and being able to read at the basic level or above on the National Assessment of
Education Progress reading assessment. While, federal policy could play an important role in
communicating the need for all students to prepare for college and providing the public
information about what that means. The federal government should invest in research and
development to support programs that align secondary and postsecondary education and improve
students’ preparation for college; provide funding to improve academic pr
eparation in struggling
high schools; and improve data collection and analysis and require public reporting

Synthesis and relevance to studies

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The World Education News and Reviews (2016) presented various basic
education curriculums in the world. The senior SHS curriculum is an entry point to
college/university life or business and industry, the later seen as the lesser of the two regarding
prestige (Bidwell, 2014, Peano et.al., 2008). In the Philippines for example, more students
would
prefer going into the academic track than any other track. In a study conducted, about half
chooses academic tracks while tech-voc courses are selected only by about 3% of their
prospective students (Lagajino et.al, 2015). Based on enrolment data from DepEd, 60.6% of
Philippine senior high school enrolees went to academic track while around 39% went to the
tech-voc track. In Japan, about 73% choose academic track compared to 24% going to tech-
voc.
track. The desire for many to go into college/university has resulted in huge unemployment and
underemployment. According to Mark Edwards, an executive director of Opportunity Nation,
"We've done a disservice in this country (USA) by suggesting that there's only one path to
success, which is to get a bachelor's degree." He further adds that "there are many good paying
jobs available today that, quite candidly, a four-year Bachelor of Arts degree does not prepare
them f or.” In the
Philippines, the K-12 program was implemented partly because of this reality.
There is a huge unemployment rate due to jobs-mismatch. The K12 program is even designed
to
let the student feel what techvoc. is an exploratory track in the junior high school level through
the Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) courses. The most preferred track in all of the
three countries is the academic track. Unlike US and Japan academic courses, the Philippines
are
more organized. These strands lead to specific courses in college except for the General
Academic Strand (GAS) which is for the undecided student. Courses in the Philippine model are
divided into four strands where the student can choose from. The said programs, however, may
not necessarily be available in the municipality or barangay (village) they are in and therefore
needs to take it in other towns or village. Furthermore, according to Sarmiento, D. and Orale, R.
(2016), The K-12 program is a more potent educational model compared to the old curriculum of
basic education in the Philippines. Students can prepare themselves for a more rigorous
training
in the higher education or go immediately to employment or be an entrepreneur. Being new in
the Philippines, it is marred with issues such as lacking qualified teachers and the much-needed
facilities for use in the highly specialized courses, specifically at the SHS level. There were,
however, interventions made and are expected to be in placed very soon

Chapter 3

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 methodology

METHOD OF RESEARCH TO BE USED

1 A clear statement of the problem/need that has given rise to the research
2 Constraints on the research (e.g. access, time, people, politics).
3 The general aims and purposes of the research.
4 The intended outcomes of the research: what the research will do and what is the ‘deliverable’
outcome.
5 How to operationalize research aims and purposes.
6 Generating research questions (specific, concrete questions to which concrete answers can
be given) and hypotheses (if appropriate).
7 The foci of the research.
8 Identifying and setting in order the priorities for the research.
9 Approaching the research design.
10 Focusing the research.
11 Research methodology (approaches and research styles, e.g. survey; experimental;
ethnographic/naturalistic; longitudinal; cross-sectional; historical; correlational; ex post facto).
12 Ethical issues and ownership of the research (e.g. informed consent; overt and covert
research; anonymity; confidentiality; non-traceability; non-maleficence; beneficence; right to
refuse/withdraw; respondent validation; research subjects; social responsibility; honesty and
deception).
13 Politics of the research: who is the researcher; researching one’s own institution; power and
interests; advantage; insider and outsider research.
14 Audiences of the research.
15 Instrumentation, e.g. questionnaires; interviews; observation; tests; field notes; accounts;
documents; personal constructs; role-play.
16 Sampling: size/access/representativeness; type: probability: random, systematic, stratified,
cluster, stage, multi-phase; non-probability: convenience, quota, purposive, dimensional,
snowball.
17 Piloting: technical matters: clarity, layout and appearance, timing, length, threat,
ease/difficulty, intrusiveness; questions: validity, elimination of ambiguities, types of questions
18 Time frames and sequence (what will happen, when and with whom).
19 Resources required
. 20 Validity: construct; content; concurrent; face; ecological; internal; external.
21 Reliability: consistency (replicability); equivalence (inter-rater, equivalent forms),
predictability; precision; accuracy; honesty; authenticity; richness; dependability; depth;
22 Data analysis. 23 Verifying and validating the data.
24 Reporting and writing up the research.

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