Environmental Issues

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND CORPORATE

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY.
Environmental issues of India:-
There are multiple environmental issues in India. Air pollution, water pollution,
garbage, domestically prohibited goods and pollution of the natural environment
are all challenges for India. Nature is also causing some drastic effects on India.
The situation was worse between 1947 through 1995. According to data
collected and environmental assessments studied by World Bank experts,
between 1995 through 2010, India has made some of the fastest progress in
addressing its environmental issues and improving its environmental quality in
the world. However, Pollution still remains a major challenge and opportunity
for the country.
Law and Policies:-
Indian laws from recent history include the Water (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act of 1974, the Forest (Conservation) Act of 1980, and the Air
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981. The Air Act was inspired by
the decisions made at Stockholm Conference. The Bhopal gas tragedy triggered
the Government of India to enact the Environment (Protection) Act of 1986.
India has also enacted a set of Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rules in
2000.
In 1985, the Indian government created the Ministry of Environment and
Forests. This ministry is the central administrative organisation in India for
regulating and ensuring environmental protection.
Despite the active passage of laws by the central government of India, the
reality of environmental quality mostly worsened between 1947 and 1990.
Rural poor had no choice, but to sustain life in whatever way possible. Air
emissions increased, water pollution worsened, forest cover decreased.
Environmental issues are one of the primary causes of disease, health issues and
long term livelihood impact for India.
MAJOR ISSUES:-
Major environmental issues are forests and agricultural degradation of land,
resource depletion (such as water, mineral, forest, sand, and rocks),
environmental degradation, public health, loss of biodiversity, loss of resilience
in ecosystems, livelihood security for the poor.
POPULATION GROWTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY:-
There is a long history of study and debate about the interactions between
population growth and the environment. According to a British thinker Malthus,
for example, a growing population exerts pressure on agricultural land, causing
environmental degradation, and forcing the cultivation of land of higher as well
as poorer quality. This environmental degradation ultimately reduces
agricultural yields and food availability, famines and diseases and death,
thereby reducing the rate of population growth.
GREEN HOUSE GAS EMISSIONS:-
India was the third largest emitter of carbon dioxide, a major greenhouse gas, in
2009 at 1.65 Gt per year, after China and the United States. With 17 percent of
world population, India contributed some 5 percent of human-sourced carbon
dioxide emission; compared to China's 24 percent share. On per capita basis,
India emitted about 1.4 tons of carbon dioxide per person, in comparison to the
United States’ 17 tons per person, and a world average of 5.3 tons per person.
What is CSR mean to Indian Corporate?

The India CSR provides updates on Corporate Social Responsibility. It has been
communicating to readers every detail of CSR law, major aspect of the CSR
domain and recent developments in the area of corporate social responsibility
and sustainability. It always keep the reader informed about CSR rules in simple
and easy-to-understand language.
The full form of CSR is Corporate Social Responsibility. The topic is largely
discussed and deliberated in Indian society in recent years. CSR is a law in
India. Under this law, corporates in the country have to do social work. CSR is
included in social work, which is necessary for the upliftment of society, to
uplift the needy sections of society. The CSR law was enshrined in the
Companies Act on 1 April 2014. Since then, CSR became mandatory in India
but even before that, a few Indian companies used to do social welfare of their
own volition.
CSR Expense:-
According to Section 135 of the Companies Act, those CSR activities which
only benefit the employees of the company and their families will not be
considered as CSR activities. Programmes like marathons / awards / charitable
contributions / advertising / sponsorship of TV programmes will not be eligible
for CSR expenditure.
ACTIVITIES OF CSR:-
This is among the most frequently asked questions by corporates. There are
strict rules regarding what constitutes corporate social responsibility. The
Companies Act prescribes the kind of social activities, which come under the
purview of CSR. This list is included in the 7th schedule of the rule. Companies
can choose from the following:
 Protection of national heritage, art and culture, including buildings and
sites and artworks of historical importance.
 Promotion and development of traditional arts and handicrafts.
 Establishment of public libraries.
 Establishment of orphanages and hostels, construction of buildings for
them, their maintenance and operation.
 Establishment of old age home, construction of buildings for them, their
maintenance and operation.
 Establishment of day care centres, construction of buildings for them,
their maintenance and operation.
 Setting up of houses and hostels for women.
 Training to promote rural sports, nationally recognized sports, Olympic
Games and Paralympic Games.
 Promoting education, including special education and employment
enhancing vocational skills especially among children, women, elderly
and Persons with Disabilities (PwDs) and livelihood enhancement
projects.
 Funding for technology incubators located in educational institutions
recognized by the Central Government.
 Activities to provide safe drinking water.
 Activities to maintain soil, air and water quality.
 Conservation of natural resources.
 Ensuring ecological balance.
 Conservation of flora, fauna, animal welfare, agricultural forestry.
 Rural Development Projects.
 Livelihood related projects.
 Promoting health and hygiene.
 Working for socially and economically backward groups.
 Interventions for the benefit of the widows of war martyrs, and their
dependents.
Contribution to the Prime Minister’s Citizen Assistance and Relief in
Emergency Situations Fund (PM CARES Fund) or any other fund set up by the
central govt. for socio economic development and relief and welfare of the
schedule caste, tribes, other backward classes, minorities and women.

An Evaluation of the Environmental Issues and Corporate

Social Responsibility of Indian Health Care Companies.
Taking any 3 Listed Companies of Indian Health Care Companies:-
1. APOLLO HOSPITALS.
2. FORTIS HEALTHCARE INSTITUTE.
3. WOCKHARDT LTD.

APOLLO HOSPITALS…

Across the country, Apollo Hospitals has a chain of hospitals. In 1983, Dr.
Pratap Reddy in Chennai founded the hospital, and it offers at least 2000 beds
across the country. You can get to see an Apollo hospital serving the people as
the chain of this hospital is growing quickly and now in every city. The
company is known to develop their own medicines, so it is quite popular.
FORTIS HEALTHCARE INSTITUTE…

In 2001, Fortis healthcare Institute was founded by Dr. Parvinder Singh. As of

now, the company has successfully established in different cities, including
Kolkata, Navi Mumbai, Amritsar, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Mohali, Kota, Chennai,
Bengaluru, Gurgaon, etc. Ideally, it is a chain of hospitals. It also has its
presence in Singapore, and the company aims to establish super-specialty
hospitals across the globe is a brand name in the healthcare industry.
WOCKHARDT LTD…
An Indian company founded back in the year 1960 is Wockhardt Ltd. Mr. Habil
Khorakiwala is the founder of the company. With its presence in all developing
countries like Mexico, Brazil, Russia, etc., the company has turned into a global
company. In several places, including the UK, US, Ireland, and France, the
company has established its manufacturing plants. To serve the people of the
country, this healthcare institute offers the state of the art treatment facilities.
Besides being a brand name in the pharmaceutical industry, the company also
manufactures formulations, Nutrition products, vaccines, etc.
APOLLO HOSPITAL:-
Various steps which had taken place in Apollo hospitals for social corporate
responsibility (CSR),and Environmental Issues.
The Apollo Foundation strives towards healthier humanity through a number of
philanthropic ventures and collaborations. It is steered by founder-chairperson
Dr Prathap C Reddy’s Total Health Cycle philosophy: to screen, diagnose, treat,
educate, and empower.
The Foundation works across the country, serving over a lakh people, in urban,
rural, and tribal settings. It pulls together different strands that lead to overall
wellbeing: preventive and curative health, lifestyle modification and behaviour
change, food and nutrition, life saving and life preserving services, education
and learning, skill training and development, local infrastructure building and
WASH.
Project Prashikshan conducts workshops on basic life support (BLS) for
individuals and groups engaged in public service; Project Suraksha equips
healthcare workers with essentials to help save lives. The foundation also has
critical care units in certain populated areas of public interest.
NEW DELHI:-Apollo hospitals launches the initiative exhale to fight air
pollution.
These are the major steps taken by the Apollo hospitals regarding CSR and
environmental issues.
Apollo Hospitals Group, India’s largest integrated healthcare chain, took
forward its comprehensive response plan to COVID-19, Project Kavach, which
was announced on 26th March
Isolation is an important part of #break the chain strategy
Project Stay I is an innovative initiative to strengthen the bulwark against
COVID-19 by creating isolation rooms in hotels with light medical supervision
for quarantine and creating a barrier to ensure people recover without spreading
the virus, and or be supervised so they can move to medical care at the right
time.
This also ensures that people who don’t need hospital beds are not using the
scarce resource if they are not critically sick. The objective is to create isolation
and quarantine facilities away from the main hospitals in cities across the
country and reduce the burden on hospitals providing acute care.
Dr Prathap C Reddy, Chairman, Apollo Group said, “Apollo Hospitals
congratulates the Central Govt. and state Governments on the state of readiness
and response to combat. The needs of our country are vast and we are helping in
our small way in supporting governments initiatives. I am happy that we are
launching another important part of project Kavach where technology and
innovation is helping create out of the box solution to help people. This is the
future of India where we are responsive, innovative and inclusive”
The proposed project by AHEL, which is among the largest integrated
healthcare groups in India, involves an investment of up to US$394 million over
the next four years to add about 2,900 beds to its hospital network and for
equipment purchases of its existing hospitals (“Project”). The funds will be used
to implement AHEL’s strategy for growth which includes: (I) expansion in
existing facilities that are reaching full capacity; (ii) setting up new facilities in
larger cities with growing and unmet demand; and (iii) expanding its network of
“Reach” hospitals, which include smaller, simpler facilities in less developed
population centres.
Yearly - Apollo Hospitals Enterprise Ltd.
Rs (in Crores)
Mar'22 Mar'21 Mar'20 Mar'19 Mar'18
INCOME
Net Sales Turnover 6098.33 9153.04 9794.43 8336.66 7183.01
Other Income 46.99 18.15 10.91 12.24 12.59
Total Income 6145.32 9171.19 9805.34 8348.90 7195.60
EXPENSES
Stock Adjustments .00 -127.63 -104.33 -72.00 -80.92
Raw Material Consumed 1929.33 1329.86 1532.12 1391.68 1268.00
Power and Fuel .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
Employee Expenses 1150.48 1275.11 1519.18 1295.09 1118.81
Administration and Selling .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
Expenses
Research and Development .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
Expenses
Expenses Capitalised .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
Other Expenses 1599.18 5728.29 5432.22 4703.75 4047.41
Provisions Made .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
TOTAL EXPENSES 4678.99 8205.63 8379.19 7318.52 6353.30
Operating Profit 1419.34 947.41 1415.24 1018.14 829.71
EBITDA 1466.33 965.56 1426.15 1030.38 842.30
Depreciation 363.42 435.95 482.26 299.89 272.00
EBIT 1102.91 529.61 943.89 730.49 570.30
Interest 244.04 343.80 425.88 268.02 240.17
EBT 858.87 185.81 518.01 462.47 330.13
Taxes 279.79 71.57 212.11 159.71 96.93
Profit and Loss for the Year 579.08 114.24 305.90 302.76 233.20
Extraordinary Items 85.95 -9.09 164.35 .00 .00
Prior Year Adjustment .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
Other Adjustment .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
Reported PAT 665.03 105.15 470.25 302.76 233.20
KEY ITEMS
Reserves Written Back .00 .00 .00 .00 .00
Equity Capital 71.89 71.89 69.56 69.56 69.56
Reserves and Surplus 6038.80 5129.60 3918.80 3813.85 3623.94
Equity Dividend Rate 235.00 60.00 120.00 120.00 100.00
FORTIS HOSPITAL
Over the years, Fortis Healthcare Ltd. and its subsidiaries through its hospitals
and Foundation across India, is committed towards providing healthcare for the
socially marginalized and deprived sections of the society. We not only make sure
that our programs are efficient, but also ensure that they are sustainable and
relevant to those meant to benefit from them.
CSR at Fortis Healthcare Limited
The CSR initiatives are driven by our vision, philosophy and the need of the
community, with health remaining our main focus. The CSR initiatives of Fortis
Healthcare are executed through Fortis CSR Foundation.
Fortis CSR Foundation a philanthropic arm of Fortis Healthcare focuses on four
programs namely AANCHAL, CHHAYA, SAVERA and SEWA.
AANCHAL is a child well-being program, which strives to ensure a healthier
start to a child’s life. To drive a deeper impact, Aanchal has identified target
intervention area under its “Umeed- Dhadkan” Initiative which supports the
treatment of children suffering from congenital heart defects.
CHHAYA is designed to provide primary and basic healthcare services to people
in need. The treatment is provided through charitable Clinics and outreach clinics
set up across different regions. Currently we run seven charitable dispensaries
and 3 outreach clinics

SAVERA with its focus on “Health Education and Preventive Healthcare” creates
awareness on health issues by leveraging on different channels of
communication. The purpose of the program is to design models on health
information dissemination to reach to vulnerable sections of the community.

SEWA is a program that aims to provide emergency medical relief services in an

organized and time sensitive manner to people affected by disasters. SEWA’s
core commitment is to support the government’s efforts in providing medical
relief during a calamity.

NEW DELHI: To support the national agenda set by the Prime Minister of India
following the demonetization, Fortis Charitable Foundation, under its SEWA
initiative, extended a helping hand to citizens queuing up at various banks and
ATMs across the country.
Through this SEWA, volunteers of the Foundation, along with volunteers from
Fortis Hospitals and other partner organizations of the Foundation, offered water,
eatables, medication and other assistance to over 50,330 people across India.

PROGRAM AND PROJECTS

More than 600 volunteers, including doctors & nurses, formed teams with 5-6
members each to drive this initiative. The groups offered mineral water bottles,
juices, biscuits, medication and first aid kits to the public standing at ATMs &
Banks. The volunteers reached out to people in as many as 1100 ATMs, Bank
branches and Post Offices across the country. Refreshments were offered
wherever needed with priority given to women, children and senior citizens.

In terms of the CSR rules issued by the MCA, the Company will be focusing on
undertaking the project /programs /activities listed below, as specified in
Schedule VII to the Act excluding activities undertaken in pursuance of normal
course of business of a Company:

i. Eradicating hunger, poverty and malnutrition, ‘‘promoting health care

including preventive health care’’ and sanitation including contribution to the
Swach Bharat Kosh set-up by the Central Government for the promotion of
sanitation] and making available safe drinking water.

ii. Promoting education, including special education and employment enhancing

vocation skills especially among children, women, elderly and the differently
abled and livelihood enhancement projects.

iii. Promoting gender equality, empowering women, setting up homes and

hostels for women and orphans; setting up old age homes, day care centres and
such other facilities for senior citizens and measures for reducing inequalities
faced by socially and economically backward groups.

iv. Ensuring environmental sustainability, ecological balance, protection of flora

and fauna, animal welfare, agroforestry, conservation of natural resources and
maintaining quality of soil, air and water including contribution to the Clean
Ganga Fund set-up by the Central Government for rejuvenation of river Ganga.

v. Protection of national heritage, art and culture including restoration of

buildings and sites of historical importance and works of art; setting up public
libraries; promotion and development of traditional art and handicrafts;

vi. Measures for the benefit of armed forces veterans, war widows and their
dependents, Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) and Central Para Military
Forces (CPMF) veterans, and their dependents including widows.
vii. Training to promote rural sports, nationally recognised sports, Paralympic
sports and Olympic sports viii. contribution to the prime minister's national relief
fund or Prime Minister’s Citizen Assistance and Relief in Emergency Situations
Fund (PM CARES Fund)] or any other fund set up by the central govt. for socio
economic development and relief and welfare of the schedule caste, tribes, other
backward classes, minorities and women;

ix. (A). Contribution to incubators or research and development projects in the

field of science, technology, engineering and medicine, funded by the Central
Government or State Government or Public Sector Undertaking or any agency of
the Central Government or State Government;

(b). Contribution to public funded Universities; Indian Institute of Technology

(IITs); National Laboratories and autonomous bodies established under
Department of Atomic Energy (DAE); Department of Biotechnology (DBT);
Department of Science and Technology (DST); Department of Pharmaceuticals;
Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy
(AYUSH); Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology and other bodies,
namely Defense Research and Development Organisation (DRDO); Indian
Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR); Indian Council of Medical Research
(ICMR) and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), engaged in
conducting research in science, technology, engineering and medicine aimed at
promoting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) .

x. Rural development projects.

xi. Slum area development. Explanation.- For the purposes of this item, the term
`slum area' shall mean any area declared as such by the Central Government or
any State Government or any other competent authority under any law for the
time being in force.

xii. Disaster management, including relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction

activities. The above list may also include the activities to be specified by the
Ministry of Corporate Affairs from time to time under the areas or subjects
specified in Schedule VII of the Act in exercise of its power under Section 135
of the Act. Further, it is hereby undertaken that the surplus, if any, arising out of
the CSR projects or programs or activities shall not form part of the business
profit of a company and shall be ploughed back into the same project or shall be
transferred to the Unspent CSR Account and spent in pursuance of CSR policy.

FORTIS HEALTHCARE Income Statement 2021-22

No. of Mths Year Ending 12 Mar-21* 12 Mar-22* % Change
Net Sales Rs m 40,301 57,176 41.9%
 Other income Rs m 466 273 -41.3%
Total Revenues Rs m 40,767 57,449 40.9%
Gross profit Rs m 4,057 13,840 241.2%
Depreciation Rs m 2,906 3,008 3.5%
Interest Rs m 1,659 1,468 -11.5%
Profit before tax Rs m -43 9,636 NA
Tax Rs m 995 1,978 98.9%
Profit after tax Rs m -1,037 7,658 NA
Gross profit margin % 10.1 24.2
Effective tax rate % -2,333.2 20.5
Net profit margin % -2.6 13.4

WOCKHARDT LTD
Wockhardt Foundation is a national, not-for-profit organization engaged in
social service and human welfare activities. Its 18 programmes have made a
perceptible change in its areas of operation to the lives of the underprivileged.

Its programmes like Wockhardt + Health Centres, Little Hearts, Pronto Toilet,
Pronto Bio Toilet, E-Learning, Khel Khel Mein, Wockhardt Skills Development
Institute, SHUDHU water purification tablets, Swachh Bharat Recycle
Machine, Adarsh Gram Yojana and various other initiatives have made
significant impact and it continues to expand its social coverage in areas where
the need is the most.

CSR Foundation:-

 Covid Test (2020-21) Project Budget: INR 0.08 Cr....

 Mobile 1000 (2020-21) Project Budget: INR 1.30 Cr....
 E-Learning (2020-21) Project Budget: INR 0.06 Cr....
 Bio-Toilet (2020-21) Project Budget: INR 0.12 Cr....
 Anaaj plus (2020-21) Project Budget: INR 0.56 Cr.

World Environment Day: Wockhardt Hospitals gift saplings to

patients to raise awareness:-
In a bid to spread awareness towards one of the biggest challenges of the current
time- Environmental Degradation, Wockhardt Hospitals, Nagpur gifted saplings
to the patients.
 “We should aim to plant more and more trees and also to protect the existing
ones. We are trying to contribute to the environment conservation by doing our
part in maintaining our carbon footprint as much as we can and having in-house
green initiatives”, said Abhinandan Dastenavar, Centre Head, Wockhardt
Hospitals, and Nagpur.
“This campaign has been conducted with an aim to drive people’s attention
towards climate change and the threat we are facing”, he added.
Wockhardt Hospitals have distributed the saplings with a message for people to
Grow Together in which people can grow along with plants and trees by taking
care of them. The pandemic that the world has been dealing with for almost 1.5
years now has shown how disastrous the consequences of ecosystem loss can
be. By shrinking the area of natural habitat for animals, we have created ideal
conditions for pathogens – including coronaviruses – to spread.

MUMBAI: Wockhardt Hospitals is the latest to join the “Swachh Bharat

Mission” launched under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. As a
part of the efforts, the hospital has organized a campaign ‘A step towards
cleanliness’ involving their employees and citizens of the city. This campaign is
their small contribution towards achieving the ‘Clean India’ vision of our Prime
Minister.

Wockhardt Hospitals is a chain of tertiary care super-specialty hospitals with

facilities in Goa, Nagpur, Nasik, Vashi (Navi Mumbai), Rajkot, Surat and South
Mumbai. All Wockhardt Hospitals have state-of-the-art infrastructure and
globally benchmarked processes to enable Patient Care & Safety. Wockhardt
Hospitals Ltd. is one of the few professionally managed corporate hospital groups
in the country which put patient safety and quality of care at the core of its
strategy. The overall 800 bedded hospitals have over 1000 Standard Operating
Procedures or Protocols for both clinical and non-clinical processes in place. The
guiding philosophy is to serve and enrich the Quality of Life patients.

FINANCIAL REPORT - WOCKHARDT HOSPITALS LIMITED

 Revenue / turnover of WOCKHARDT HOSPITALS LIMITED is Over

INR 500 cr
 Net worth of the company has decreased by -10.79 %
 EBITDA of the company has decreased by -16.36 %
 Total assets of the company has decreased by -3.77 %
 Liabilities of the company has decreased by -3.99 %

Operating Revenue Over INR 500 cr

 EBITDA -16.36 %
Net worth -10.79 %
Debt/Equity Ratio 0.67
Return on Equity -11.99 %
Total Assets -3.77 %
Fixed Assets -4.85 %
Current Assets -5.12 %
Current Liabilities -3.99 %
Trade Receivables 14.09 %
Trade Payables -5.76 %
Current Ratio 1.11

CONCLUSION-

Evaluation of Environmental Issues and Social Corporate Responsibilities of any

these 3 listed Indian Healthcare Companies is done on the basis of the
contribution made by these companies in resolving social corporate responsibility
and environmental issues of India.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:-
https://www.apollohospitals.com,https://www.fortishealthcare.com,
http://www.wockhardt.com/who-we-are/other-websites.aspx, GOOGLE ETC.