GEC 19

The Life, Works, and Writings of Jose Rizal

Cayde, Echil Jhon C.

Gealon, Jay Lou G.
Labayan, Ma. Bethel F.
Mercado, Razzle Roi
BSCE- 1B
▪ Identify the social context within which Rizal was
situated
▪ Analyze the various social, political, economic, and
cultural in the 19th century
▪ Explain how these changes affected and influence
Jose Rizal
▪ Rizal was born in the 19th Century
▪ Waning of Spanish colonizers and Spanish friars
▪ Industrial Revolution
▪ Form of middle-class Filipinos
▪ Friars became more influential and powerful
▪ Rizal and the nationalist exposed the abuses of friars
CHANGES IN THE PHILIPPINES DURING THE
19TH CENTURY
▪ Industrial Revolution turned the Philippines into an
export-oriented economy
▪ The economic development gave rise to merchants
and small-scale enterprise to become prominent in
the Philippines, giving birth to the influential middle-
class Filipinos.
▪ These middle-class Filipinos can afford to send their
children to have an education in the Philippines and
even in Europe.
▪ During the 19th century, the catholic church was still the
most influential institution in the Philippines
▪ Filipinos turned more to friars for moral and political
guidance
▪ The political leadership of Gov. General Carlos Ma. Dela
Torre infused the filipinos with the taste of democratic rule.
▪ When Gov. General Rafael Izquierdo replaced Gov. Gen,
Carlos Ma. Dela Torre, Filipinos were again deprived of
rights.
▪ Among the victims of Gov Gen. Izquierdo were the soldiers,
stripping them off their benefits. This led to the Cavite
Mutiny on January 20, 1872.
▪ Cavite Mutiny failed, which only resulted to
disarmed, imprisoned, and dead Filipino soldiers.
▪ The mutiny was instigated to the three secular
priests Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto
Zamora.
▪ The three prisest were executed in Bagumbayan
through garrote on Feb 15, 1872.
The industrial revolution can also be called
as one of the first changes that affected and
influenced Rizal. It affected him in the sense
that if it wasn't for the industrial revolution,
then Rizal's parents may not have become
part of the influencial group of middle class
people.
▪Carholic church The growing corruption
and abuses that the Catholic church
committed during the 19 century inspired
Rizal to expose their sickening abuses by
writing his 2 most famous novels, in which
it criticized the Catholic church the most.
▪Rizal experienced first hand the
extreme racial discrimination during his
time in Spain. It led to him in aiming
Philippines to be known as a country
of writers and intellectuals.
The Filipinos in the 19th century had suffered from feudalistic and master slave
relationship by the Spaniards. During the last decade of the 19th century, there are
lots of criticisms received in the educational system, rampant Prejudice against
Filipinos in the schools of higher learning, and Friar has the control over the
system. The number of economic, social, political, and cultural changes around the
world contributed to the formation of Jose Rizal’s national consciousness and his
reform agenda. His contribution in declining of the Spanish rule in the 19th
century during Philippine Revolution is recognized until today.

Today, in the 21st century, the Philippines is independent, following the

Democratic-Republic type of government, and has its own constitution that
articulates the right of every citizens in the country and must not infringe. Friars
are not that so influential and powerful like how they were used to be in the 19th
century. There’s no more rampant prejudice happening, everyone has an access to
public goods and education, as there are laws protecting the rights of every
Filipino.
Obias, R.W., Mallari, A.A., & Estella, J. R. (2018). The Life and Works of José Rizal. C & E
Publishing, Inc.
Central Mindanao University. (2022, August 10). Rizal in the 19th Century Philippines-1. Studocu.
Retrieved February 14, 2023, from https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/central-mindanao-
university/civil-engineering/rizal-in-the-19th-century-philippines-
1/29701614?fbclid=IwAR12Tt9DShGbMb4tOniK5-JYCfvOa26vAcMWShiiTi4mi0BpUS6oJa7lJYc