LESSON 3

ACTIVITIES IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

TOPICS
T1: Types of adventure travel
T2: Three categories of the Hospitality industry
T3: The four segments of Hospitality industry
T4: Various activities in Hospitality industries

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. Define the types of adventure travel.
2. Identify the different hospitality activities.

TOPIC 1: TYPES OF ADVENTURE TRAVEL

Adventure travel is a type of niche tourism, involving exploration or travel with a certain
degree of risk (real or perceived), and which may require special skills and physical exertion. In
the United States, adventure tourism has grown in recent decades as tourists seek out-of-the-
ordinary or "roads less travelled" vacations, but lack of a clear operational definition has
hampered measurement of market size and growth. According to the U.S.-based Adventure
Travel Trade Association, adventure travel may be any tourist activity that includes physical
activity, a cultural exchange, and connection with nature.

Access to inexpensive consumer technology, with respect to Global Positioning Systems,

flashpacking, social networking and photography, have increased the worldwide interest in
adventure travel. The interest in independent adventure travel has also increased as more
specialist travel websites emerge offering previously niche locations and sports.

Accessible tourism
There is a trend for developing tourism specifically for the disabled. Adventure travel for
the disabled has become a US$13 billion a year industry in North America. Some adventure
travel destinations offer diverse programs and job opportunities developed specifically for
the disabled.

Culinary Tourism
Culinary tourism or food tourism or gastronomy tourism is the exploration of food as
the purpose of tourism. It is now considered a vital component of the tourism experience.
Dining out is common among tourists and "food is believed to rank alongside climate,
accommodation, and scenery" in importance to tourists.

Cultural Tourism
A type of tourism activity in which the visitor’s essential motivation is to learn, discover,
experience and consume the tangible and intangible cultural attractions/products in a tourism
destination. These attractions/products relate to a set of distinctive material, intellectual,
spiritual and emotional features of a society that encompasses arts and architecture, historical
and cultural heritage, culinary heritage, literature, music, creative industries and the living
cultures with their lifestyles, value systems, beliefs and tradition.

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Disaster Tourism
It has been defined as the practice of visiting locations at which an environmental
disaster, either natural or man-made, has occurred. Although a variety of disasters are the
subject of subsequent disaster tourism, the most common disaster tourist sites are the areas
surrounding volcanic eruptions. Opinions on the morality and impact of disaster tourism are
divided. Advocates of disaster tourism often claim that the practice raises awareness of the
event, stimulates the local economy, and educates the public about the local culture, while
critics claim that the practice is exploitative, profits on loss, and often mischaracterizes the
events in question.

Ecotourism
Ecotourism can be defined as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserve the
environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and
education”.

Ethno Tourism
It is a travelling made to explore ethnic populace and gain knowledge of individual
culture and customs by visiting and living among local people.

Extreme Tourism
This often referred to as shock tourism, although both concepts do not appear strictly
similar) is a niche in the tourism industry involving travel to dangerous places (mountains,
jungles, deserts, caves, canyons, etc.) or participation in dangerous events.

Jungle Tourism
It is a subcategory of adventure travel defined by active multifaceted physical means of
travel in the jungle regions of the earth. Although similar in many respects to adventure travel,
jungle tourism pertains specifically to the context of region, culture and activity. According to
the Glossary of Tourism Terms, jungle tours have become a major component of green tourism
in tropical destinations and are a relatively recent phenomenon of Western international
tourism.

Overland Travel
Overlanding describes self-reliant adventure travel to remote destinations where the
journey is the primary goal. While expedition is defined as a journey with a purpose, overlanding
sees the journey as the purpose. Overlanding is about exploration, rather than conquering
obstacles.

Urban Exploration
The activity or pastime of exploring man-made structures, especially abandoned
buildings and areas not generally open to the public.

Spiritual Tourism
Spiritual tourism is to travel to find purpose and meaning in your life. It elevates your
physical, mental, and emotional energies. It develops, maintains, and improves your body, mind,
and spirit. In a nutshell, it connects your body, mind, and soul. Hence, spiritual tourism can be
defined as traveling on pilgrimage to acquire enlightenment, entertainment, and education to
leave your footprints and take your memories back to your home by expressing your gratitude
to God.

Long distance Hiking

A long-distance trail (or long-distance footpath, track, way, greenway) is a longer
recreational trail mainly through rural areas used for hiking, backpacking, cycling, horse riding or
cross-country skiing. They exist on all continents except Antarctica. Many trails are marked on
maps.

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Museum Tour
Whether it's the artist or the art itself, the tours use the guides own personal
preferences and group feedback to navigate the museum. The tour guide can choose to include
any items in the vast museum and share stories, anecdotes and personal experiences associated
with them.

Different Types of Museums

Archaeology museums. They display archeological artifacts. They can be open-air

museums or they can exhibit items in a building.

Art museums. Also known as art galleries. They are spaces for showing art objects, most
commonly visual art objects as paintings, sculpture, photography, illustrations,
drawings, ceramics or metalwork. First publicly owned art museum in Europe was
Amerbach-Cabinet in Basel (Now Kunstmuseum Basel).

Encyclopedic museums. They are usually large institutions and they offer visitors a wide
variety of information on many themes, both local and global. They are not thematically
defined nor specialized.

Historic house museums. A house or a building turned into a museum for a variety of
reasons, most commonly because the person that lived in it was important or something
important happened in it. House is often equipped with furniture like it was in the time
when it was used. Visitors of the house learn through guides that tell story of the house
and its inhabitants.

History museums. They collect objects and artifacts that tell a chronological story about
particular locality. Objects that are collected could be documents, artifacts,
archeological findings and other. They could be in a building, historic house or a historic
site.
Living history museums. Type of a museum in which historic events are performed by
actors to immerse a viewer and show how certain events looked like or how some crafts
were performed because there is no other way to see them now because they are
obsolete.

Maritime museums. Specialized museums for displaying maritime history, culture or

archaeology. Primarily archaeological maritime museums exhibit artifacts and preserved
shipwrecks recovered from bodies of water. Maritime history museums, show and
educate the public about humanity's maritime past.

Military and war museums. Museums specialized in military histories. Usually organized

from a point of view of a one nation and conflicts in which that country has taken part.
They collect and present weapons, uniforms, decorations, war technology and other
objects.

Mobile museums. Museums that have no specific strict place of exhibiting. They could
be exhibited from a vehicle or they could move from museum to museum as guests.
Also a name for a parts of exhibitions of a museum that are sent to another museum.

Natural history museums. Usually display objects from nature like stuffed animals or
pressed plants. They educate about natural history, dinosaurs, zoology, oceanography,
anthropology, evolution, environmental issues, and more.

Open-air museums. Characteristic for exhibiting outdoors. Exhibitions consist of

buildings that recreate architecture from the past. First opened in Scandinavia near the
end of the 19th century.

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 Pop-up museums. Nontraditional museum institutions. Made to last short and often
relying on visitors to provide museum objects and labels while professionals or
institution only provide theme. With that is constructed shared historical authority.

Science museums.
Specialized for science and history of science. In the beginning they were static displays
of objects but now they are made so the visitors can participate and that way better
learn about different branches of science.

Task/Activity

Homework: Identification.

____________1. Type of adventure travel that offers diverse programs and job opportunities
specifically for the disabled.
_____________2. It is the exploration of food as the purpose of tourism. It is now considered a
vital component of the tourism experience.
_____________3. A type of tourism activity in which the visitor’s essential motivation is to learn,
discover, experience and consume the tangible and intangible cultural
attractions/products in a tourism destination.
_____________4. It has been defined as the practice of visiting locations at which an
environmental disaster, either natural or man-made, has occurred.
_____________5. It can be defined as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserve the
environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves
interpretation and education”.
_____________6. It is a subcategory of adventure travel defined by active multifaceted physical
means of travel in the jungle regions of the earth.
_____________7. It is to travel to find purpose and meaning in your life. It elevates your
physical, mental, and emotional energies.
_____________8. It is a longer recreational trail mainly through rural areas used
for hiking, backpacking, cycling, horse riding or cross-country skiing.
_____________9. Type of museum that is known as art galleries.
_____________10. A museum that collects objects and artifacts which has chronological story
about particular locality.

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 TOPIC 2: THREE CATEGORIES OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

The hospitality industry's backbone is comprised of customer service, a concept shared

by all segments of the industry. Your small business may focus on one or all facets of hospitality.
How accomplished you and your staff are at serving others will determine your business' level of
success. You may find it easier to excel in just one category of the hospitality industry. However,
though costs and challenges will increase, owning or managing several facets of hospitality can
provide you with many more opportunities to generate success.

Food and Beverage

In hospitality, food and beverage reigns supreme. It is the largest element of the
hospitality industry and can take the form of high-end restaurants, fast-food eateries, catering
establishments and many other manifestations. The food and beverage trade can symbiotically
function as part of other businesses, such as in bowling alleys or movie theaters. When your
restaurant is part of a hotel, food and beverage can dramatically enhance the overall guest
experience by offering excellent food and first-class customer service.

Accommodations and Lodging

Hotels, bed and breakfast enterprises and other places offering lodging represent a
broad segment of the hospitality industry. Types of businesses run the gamut from extravagant
resorts to hostels and campgrounds. Your business' focus on providing lodging should integrate
comfort, efficiency and attentive customer service as its foundation.
Travelers value thoughtful treatment and simple amenities. When they feel appreciated and
catered to, your guests will tell others about their experience and may become repeat
customers.

Travel and Tourism

Another chief segment of the hospitality business encompasses transportation. This
includes airlines, trains, cruise ships and the staff for each. Flight attendants and cruise staff
function as food servers and hoteliers in their efforts to provide food or drink and a comfortable
experience. Business travelers and vacationers alike form the basis for this area of hospitality.

Travel and tourism requires knowledgeable employees in information technology, and

they are also considered a part of hospitality. Destinations such as amusement parks draw
thousands of people, all of whom want to benefit from great customer service while enjoying a
memorable adventure.

TOPIC 3: THE FOUR SEGMENTS OF HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

The hospitality industry is a multibillion-dollar industry that depends on the availability

of leisure time, disposable income, and complete customer satisfaction.
There are four divisions of the industry:

 Food and beverages

 Travel and Tourism
 Lodging
 Recreation

Food and Beverages

The food and beverage sector,  which is professionally and popularly known as F&B is
the largest segment of the hospitality industry. When a restaurant forms the part of a hotel, it
enhances the guest experience by supplying  first-rate food and customer service.

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Travel And Tourism
Travel and tourism deal with taking people in different places.  Buses, cabs, planes,
ships, trains etc. are all the part of the travel industry.

Leisure travel is when a person spends money on lodging, fooding, and recreation while
taking a vacation trip, and business travel is when a person travels for work only and spends
money on lodging and food purposely.  Some people also use up money on recreational purpose
while on a business travel. Whatever it may be, they spend on hospitality.

Lodging
Lodging means somewhere to stay for one or more nights. Luxurious hotels, youth or
elder hostels, camping site, motels and other businesses that provide a place for people to sleep
overnight are all in the lodging industry. Lodging businesses are related to other market
segments, for example leisure travelers, budget travelers, long-stay travelers, and special
travelers like government employers, airlines, and military.

Recreation
Recreation is activities that people do for relaxation and satisfaction as well as rest in
order to refresh their mind and body.  Entertainment or recreational businesses which provide
movie or theater, attractions are the places of special interest to visit. It can be zoos and
museums, sports and participatory sports etc. Entertainment businesses the part of
the hospitality industry which provide movie or theater, the places of special interest and
museums, spectator sports and participatory sports are all the parts of the leisure or recreation
business.

TOPIC 4: VARIOUS ACTIVITIES IN HOSPITALITY INDUSTRIES

The hospitality industry is complex. It covers a wide range of jobs, locations, activities,
and economic brackets. The four sectors of the hospitality industry: food and beverages, travel
and tourism, lodging and recreation.
Food and beverage activities
Food and beverage services providing complete meals
or drinks fit for immediate consumption, whether in
traditional restaurants, self-service or take-away
restaurants, whether as permanent or temporary stands
with or without seating.

Bartender
A bartender (also known as a barkeep, barman,
barmaid, bar chef, tapster, mixologist, alcohol server,
cocktologist, flairman or an alcohol chef) is a person who
formulates and serves alcoholic or soft drink beverages behind
the bar, usually in a licensed establishment.

Flairing

It is the practice of bartenders entertaining guests,

clientele or audiences with the manipulation of bar tools
(e.g. cocktail shakers) and liquor bottles in tricky,
dazzling ways. Used occasionally in cocktail bars, the
action requires skills commonly associated with jugglers.

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Baking
The process of cooking by dry heat, especially in some
kind of oven. It is probably the oldest cooking method.
Bakery products, which include bread, rolls, cookies,
pies, pastries, and muffins, are usually prepared from
flour or meal derived from some form of grain.

Bed-making

It is the techniques of preparing different types

of bed in making a patients/clients comfortable or
his/her position suitable for a particular condition. 

Flower arrangement

A decorative arrangement of flowers. floral
arrangement. bouquet, corsage, nosegay, posy -
an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a
present. decoration, ornament, ornamentation -
something used to beautify.

Table napkin folding

Napkin folding is a type of
decorative folding done with a napkin. It can be done as
art or as a hobby. Napkin folding is most commonly
encountered as a table decoration in fancy restaurants.
Typically, and for best results, a clean, pressed, and
starched square cloth (linen or cotton) napkin is used.

Table setting
Table setting (laying a table) or
place setting refers to the way to set a table with
tableware—such as eating utensils and for serving and
eating. The arrangement for a single diner is called a
place setting. It is also the layout in which the utensils
and ornaments are positioned.

Shoe polishing
Shoe polish (or boot polish) is a waxy paste,
cream, or liquid used to polish, shine, and waterproof
leather shoes or boots to extend the footwear's life and
restore, maintain and improve their appearance.

Spa packages
Non-medical procedures to help the health of
the body, such as massage, cosmetic and therapeutic
services like manicures, pedicures, and
facial treatments. 

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Sporting activities at the hotel
Our hotels boast well-equipped fitness studios,
a gym suitable for group exercise, an altitude training
room and pools with thermal water where water
aerobics is carried out. These are only some of the
countless possibilities on indoor, sporting activities.
Improve your physical fitness with a suitable cardio
workout.

Fitness studio
Workout on the latest device on your own, with
the help of a personal trainer or according to a
professionally prepared individual program.

Cardio Training
A workout on cardio devices with the helpof a
personal trainer. It is recommended to do cardiac
testing prior to cardio training in order to determine
the anaerobic threshold.

Pilates
Pilates is a method of exercise that consists of
low-impact flexibility and muscular strength and
endurance movements. Pilates emphasizes proper
postural alignment, core strength and muscle
balance. Pilates is named for its creator, Joseph Pilates,
who developed the exercises in the 1920s.

Table tennis
An indoor game based on tennis, played with
small paddles and a ball bounced on a table divided by
a net.

PACE Excercise
PACE is a fun, circuit group exercise program
with upbeat music that quickly and safely changes
your body shape. PACE alternates workout on
hydraulic resistance machines with step aerobics
resulting in burning fat, increased endurance and
strengthened cardiovascular system.

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Badminton
Badminton is played outdoors as a casual
recreational activity, often as a garden or beach
game

Water aerobics
Water aerobics (waterobics, aquatic fitness,
aquafitness, aquafit) is the performance of
aerobic exercise in water such as in a swimming
pool. Done mostly vertically and without swimming
typically in waist deep or deeper water, it is a type
of resistance training.

Outdoor sporting activities

Outdoor sporting activities are great form of
relaxation that takes care of your body and soul
simultaneously, no matter the season. These
include walking, cycling, basketball, snowshoeing,
tennis.

Tennis
Tennis is a racket sport that can be played
individually against a single opponent (singles) or
between two teams of two players each (doubles).
Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with
cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt
over or around a net and into the opponent's
court.

Miniature golf
Miniature golf, also known as mini-golf, mini-
putt, midget golf, crazy golf, or putt-putt, is an
offshoot of the sport of golf focusing solely on the
putting aspect of its parent game. ... The aim of the
game is to score the lowest number of points.

Ball games
Ball games (or ballgames), also ball sports, are
any form of game or sport which feature a ball as
part of play. These include games such as football,
cricket, baseball, basketball, and American
football.

Walking and cycling

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 Walking means travelling on foot – it can be
defined as never having both feet off the ground
at once! Cycling means to ride a manual (non-
motorised) bicycle, also known as a push bike.

Water Activities
Parasailing- also known as parascending or parakiting,
is a recreational kiting activity where a person is towed
behind a vehicle (usually a boat) while attached to a
specially designed canopy wing that reminds one of a
parachute, known as a parasail wing.

Wind Surfing- is a surface water sport that

combines elements of surfing and sailing. It
consist of a board usually 2.5 to 3 meters long,
with displacements typically between 60 and
250 litres, powered by wind on a sail. The rig is
connected to the board by a free-rotating
universal joint and consists of mast, boom, and
sail. The sail area generally ranges from 2.5m
to 12m depending on the condition, the skill of
the sailor, the type of windsurfing being
undertaken and the weight of the person.
Catamaran Sailing – is a multi-hulled watercraft
featuring two parallel hulls of equal size. It is a
geometry-stabilized craft, deriving its stability
from its wide beam, rather than from a
ballasted keel as with a monohull sailboat.

Banana Boat- A banana boat (or water sled), is an

unpowered, inflatable recreational boat meant
to be towed. Different models usually
accommodate three to ten riders sitting on a larger,
main tube and resting their feet on two laterally
flanking tubes which stabilize the boat. The main
tube is often yellow and banana-shaped.

Jet Skiing - Jet Ski is the brand name of a

personal water craft (PWC) manufactured by
Kawasaki, a Japanese company. The term is
often used generically to refer to any type of
personal watercraft used mainly for recreation.

Kneeboarding - Kneeboarding is an aquatic

sport where the participant is towed on a
buoyant, convex, and hydro-dynamically shaped
board at a planning speed, most often behind a
motorboat. Kneeboarding on a surf style board
with fin(s) is also done in waves at the beach.
Wave Surfing – is a discipline within surfing in
which experienced surfers paddle into or are

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towed onto waves which are at least 20 feet (6.2 meters) high, on surf boards known as “guns”
or towboards.

Reef Snorkeling - is the practice of swimming on

or through a body of water while equipped with
a diving mask, a shaped breathing tube called
a snorkel, and usually swimfins. In cooler
waters, a wetsuit may also be worn.

Sunset Dolphine Tour - this tour focus on

watching dolphins, wildlife, and watching the
sunset at the same time. All of our tours take a
maximum of 6 (six) guests for a more personal,
intimate, experience.

Helmet Diving - an ideal way for non-divers

and even non-swimmers to experience the
splendor of the undersea world.  Wearing an
astronaut style helmet that provides a constant
air supply from the surface, participants
descend 15 to 30 feet into the ocean.   The
weight of the helmet keeps divers submerged
as they explore fish, turtles, and other
underwater creatures under the guidance of a
certified master diver.  Unlike scuba diving, your head and face will stay completely dry, there is
no need for any special equipment, and you will breathe normally.  The diving helmet works by
constantly forcing air into the helmet which also prevents water from entering the helmet. 

Task/Activity

Homework: Essay. As we are experiencing pandemic, a lot of activities in the hospitality

industry were prohibited by the government. As a future hospitality graduate, suggest at
least five types of adventure tourism that locals can still do without violating the
protocols against covid-19. Elaborate your answer in not less than 100 words.

For this activity, rubric is provided as a guide to evaluate the quality of student’s
constructed responses. Rubric for essay is available on page 103.

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