SOCIAL SCIENCE 3

The Industrial Revolution as a World Event

MODULE 1 LESSON 2

At the end of this module, you will be able to:

 identify the key inventions that helped accelerate industrial development;
 discuss the importance of the inventions in improving people’s lives; and
 explain the economic and social effects of the Industrial Revolution then and today.

Suggested Time: 1 min | Actual Time Spent: ____min(s)

Riddle Leader (Non-graded Assessment)

Below are three riddles about significant inventions made during the Industrial Revolution. Match the
riddles with their correct names and images. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided

Riddle Image Name

1. I’m a star of the textile industry, I boast my spindles, so many.
I work for wool or cotton, I strive to finish them spot on!
2. I make textile work easy, Hands of slaves, I literally free.
With a spin here, and a roll there, Seeds of white gold no longer dare.
3. Slow work I tried to reduce,
More efficient weaving, I introduced.
With me, weavers work faster than ever,
Cloth they produce are even wider and better.
Image Options
A B C

(Photo credits:
(Photo credits: timetoast.com) (Photo credits: britannica.com) industrialrevolutionresearch.com)

Name Options
1 cotton gin 2 flying shuttle 3 spinning jenny

Suggested Time:3 min | Actual Time Spent: ____min(s)

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 The Industrial Revolution significantly changed the social and economic landscape of Britain,
specifically in agriculture, textile, transportation, and iron-making. Inventions and innovations were
made which turned Britain into an industrial country, and eventually the other parts of the world.

Agriculture
Revolution in agriculture was the result of the innovations employed by landowners and workers in this
field. Landowners and farmers tried new scientific methods of planting to improve crop production.

 Crop rotation, the process of rotating crops to gain greater yield, was improved. The three-field
system known during the medieval times was enhanced and included ways of alternating crops
that help restore soil fertility.
 Jethro Tull, an English farmer and inventor, invented the seed drill that enabled farmers to plant
seeds in rows, thus preventing the seeds to be scattered and wasted. The single-row feature of
the seed drill gradually improved into three rows, and the drill became drawn by horses. Jethro
Tull also invented the horse-drawn hoe, a farm implement that dug and loosened the soil in
preparation for planting.
 Robert Bakewell, a British agriculturalist, applied scientific ways of improving breeds of
livestock. His scientific breeding program led to better breeds of animals, particularly sheep
with finer wool, and cattle with more meat and better milk.

Textile Industry
The textile industry was the first British industry to be industrialized. The birth of textile
industries garbed the British, and eventually the rest of the world, with various textile products such as
cotton, linen, and wool, and others.

The invention of machines paved the way for faster textile production, and a more efficient way
of manufacturing that required less manual labor. Important machines made during this time were the
flying shuttle, the spinning jenny, the spinning mule, the cotton gin, among others.

Invention: Flying Shuttle Invention: Spinning Jenny

Inventor: John Kay Inventor: James Hargreaves
Operation Operation
 It was an attachment which was  A weaver turns one wheel with
controlled through a cord tugged spindles that spin eight threads at
or pulled by a weaver. A weaver once.
used paddles to move the shuttle Contributions
from one side to another.  It helped weavers to spin more
Contributions threads.
 It helped weavers produce wider  It increased the number of threads
cloth. that could be spun at a time, hence
 It enabled weavers to produce increasing production and
twice as much as what they weave decreasing work time.
at a time.

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 Invention: Spinning Mule Invention: Cotton Gin
Inventor: Samuel Crompton Inventor: Eli Whitney
Operation Operation
 The bunch of fibers is pulled and  The machine’s hooks around the
twisted, then wrapped into the revolving wooden cylinder strained
spindle the seeds from the cotton fibers.
Contributions Contributions
 It produced thread of better quality  It sped up the process of removing or
 It produced threads of larger separating the seeds from the cotton
quantity compared to manually spun fibers.
ones.

Transportation
Improvements in transportation also came to the surface as a result of the increasing developments in
industries during this period. New sources of power began to be used which made transportation more
efficient and more accessible.

 James Watt, a Scottish inventor, was known for developing a more efficient and cost-effective
steam engine. He improved on the steam engine developed by Thomas Newcomen in 1712 by
creating a separate condenser that solved the Newcomen invention’s trouble. In 1774, he
collaborated with the English manufacturer Matthew Boulton, and the innovation began to be
commercialized. This Watt invention significantly transformed not only transportation, but also
manufacturing and other industries.
 The construction of inland waterways in England made the transport of raw materials and
manufactured goods faster and less expensive.
 John McAdam, a Scottish engineer, improved road transportation by pioneering in
roadbuilding. He introduced the design of roads with layers of crushed compacted stone topped
with a smooth surface. The macadamization of roads transformed the soil-based tracks into
more durable roads, hence became the standard for road construction and the basis for
innovations in construction.
 George Stephenson, an English engineer, invented the early railway locomotive, which he
called the Rocket. He was also designated as the engineer in charge of the construction of the
first public railway that opened in 1825.
 The invention of the railway locomotive spurred immense effects in Britain: (1) it provided a
less-expensive mode of transporting raw materials and manufactured goods; (2) it created jobs
for railroad workers as well as miners; (3) it promoted the advancement of other industries such
as fishing and agriculture; and (4) it allowed people to travel distances for work, leisure, and
other purposes.

Iron Industry
The demand for iron increased as more iron were needed in making machines and factories. The process
of iron-making was also improved through the contributions of men in this field.

 Henry Cort, an English ironmaster, devised the puddling process which was a faster way of
producing iron, and at the same time, significantly improving the quality of the iron produced.
 Henry Bessemer, an English engineer, discovered the process of producing steel, a material
more durable and less expensive than iron.
Suggested Time: 12 min | Actual Time Spent: ____min(s)

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Inventor-for-a-Day (Graded Assessment, 25 points)
Assess the conditions and needs of your community. Think of an invention or an innovation that you
would like to create or introduce to improve the conditions of the people in your community.
Place your answer in the box below. Use Times New Roman, 11.

Please be guided by the following parts:

A. Title or Name of the Invention or Innovation
B. Description of how it works
C. Brief discussion on how it can address the needs of the people in your community

_____________________________________________________
Title or Name of Invention/Innovation

Description of How It Works

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Discussion of How it can Address the Needs of the Community

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

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Scoring Rubric
Criteria Excellent
CONTENT 15 pts.
15 pts. Context is well-
developed; Ideas are
well-supported and are
accurate and relevant.
ORGANIZATION 7 pts.
OF IDEAS
7 pts. There is an evidence
of clear, effective,
graceful, coherent
transition of ideas in
the essay. The
organization aids the
reader to clearly and
easily understand the
connections of the
ideas to each other.
3-SYNTAX 3 pts.
3 pts. The structure and the
use of words,
punctuations, and
capitalizations in the
sentence/s are correct
and appropriate.
Adopted from: Sir Erin Dela Cruz, Soc Sci Teacher, PSHS Main Campus
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not subject to update notification.
Satisfactory
14-10 pts.
There is an evidence
of a developed context
but there is a need to
add more details for a
strong support.
6-4 pts.
Ideas are organized.
However, minimal
inclusions of
irrelevant ideas are
evident. They do not
affect the essence of
the essay.
2 pts.
Minimal distractions
in regard to syntax are
present ie failure to
capitalize a letter,
misuse or lack of
punctuations in a
sentence, and
inappropriate
wording. But these
distractions do not
affect the essence of
the essay.
Suggested Time: 13 min | Actual Time Spent: ____min(s)
Poor
9-1 pts.
The context is not
clear. Ideas may have
questionable
factuality. Confusion
of the reader is a
possible outcome.
3-1 pts.
Coherence between
ideas is not evident.
The reader may find
difficulty in
understanding the
collective thought of
the essay.
1 pt.
Distractions in regard
to syntax is very
evident. Wrong use of
words, punctuations,
and capitalizations
hinder the reader to
understand the
thought/s.
 Significant changes have been made as a result of the industrialization in Britain. Inventions
and innovations have been made that immensely improved not only the process of production but
also the different segments of society.

These inventions and innovations have become the blueprint of the innovations and
advancements that we experience today. These contributions during the industrial revolution have
sparked the interest of others and improved what have already existed which now benefit not only
the people of Britain, but all of the world.
Suggested Time: 1 min | Actual Time Spent: ____min(s)

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References:

Beck, R. B., Black, L., Krieger, L. S., Naylor, P. C., & Shabaka, D. I. (2003). Modern World History
Patterns of Interaction. Evanston: McDougal Littell Inc.
Bellis, M. (2019, July 7). Inventor Samuel Crompton and His Spinning Mule. Retrieved September
12, 2020, from https://www.thoughtco.com/spinning-mule-samuel-crompton-1991498
Bellis, M. (2019, July 1). Jethro Tull and the Invention of the Seed Drill. Retrieved September 12,
2020), from https://www.thoughtco.com/jethro-tull-seed-drill-1991640

George Stephenson. (2014). Retrieved September 12, 2020, from

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/stephenson_george.shtml

Industrial Revolution – Eli Whitney. (n.d.). Retrieved September 12, 2020, from
https://www.industrialrevolutionresearch.com/industrial_revolution_eli_whitney.php

Kingsford, P.W. (2020, August 21). James Watt. Retrieved September 12, 2020, from
https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Watt

James Watt. (n.d.). Retrieved September 12, 2020, from

https://universitystory.gla.ac.uk/biography/?id=WH0018&type=P

McFadden, C. (2017, October 26). John Loudon McAdam: The Father of the Modern Road. Retrieved
September 11, 2020), from https://interestingengineering.com/john-loudon-mcadam-the-
father-of-the-modern-road

Perry, M. (1989). A History of the World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2019, August 7). Spinning Jenny. Retrieved September 10,
2020, from https://www.britannica.com/technology/spinning-jenny

The Flying Shuttle. (n.d.). Retrieved September 12, 2020, from https://spartacus-
educational.com/TEXflying.htm

*Lay-out and Design of Learning Guide Credit: Nneka B. Evangelista, SS 5 Teacher, PSHS-
CALABARZON Campus

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