Circuit Analysis Chapter 1 Notes

DEE 1124 Circuit Analysis I
Chapter 1A
Basic Concept
by
Nor Rul Hasma Abdullah
Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
hasma@ump.edu.my
Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

http://ocw.ump.edu.my/course/view.php?id=251
Chapter Description
Aims
This chapter is aimed to:
1. Introduce the basic component related to electric circuit analysis
2. Introduce the SI unit to the students
3. Explain the circuit elements in electric circuit
Expected Outcomes
Student should be able to
1. Recognize the electric circuit component
2. Use the SI unit correctly
3. Explain and recognize the basic circuit element in electric circuit
References
1. C. Alexander and M. Sadiku, “Fundamentals of Electric Circuits”, 4th ed.,
McGraw-Hill, 2008.
2. J. Nilsson and S. Riedel, “Electric Circuits”, 8th ed., Prentice Hall, 2008.

BASIC CONCEPT
1.1 Introduction of circuit analysis

1.2 Electrical quantities: Systems of units,
charge, current, voltage, power and energy
1.3 Circuit elements: Passive and active
elements, independent and dependent
sources

1.1 Introduction of circuit analysis
DC characteristics

BEE1113[CH1]: Basic Concept 4
AC characteristics

5
SIMPLE ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
Should consist of
a battery or allow for the any object that

difference or voltage.
A source of electrical potential
electrical resistance
A conductive path
electrical movement of uses electricity
charges. to do work
outlet (typically exp. a light
made of wire) bulb, electric
motor, heating
element,
speaker, etc.)

6
ELECTRICAL QUANTITIES:
SYSTEMS OF UNITS
International Multiplier Prefiz Symbol Quantity Basic Symbol
System of Units
Units(SI):
International 1018 exa E Length meter m
measurement 1015 peta P Mass Kilogram kg
language which
enables engineers 1012 tera T Potential Volt V
to communicate 109 giga G Electric Charge Coulomb C
their results.
106 mega M Time Second S
103 kilo k Power Watt W
102 hecto h Capacitance Farad F
10 deka da Inductance Henry H
10-1 deci D Resistance Ohm Ω
10-2 centi c Electric current Ampere A
10-3 milli m Thermodynamic Kelvin K

temperature
10-6 micro μ
Luminous intensity Candela cd
10-9 nano n
10-15 pico p
10-18 femto f

7
Opposite charge attract Like charge repel

FORCE FIELDS ASSOCIATED WITH
CHARGED PARTICLES
• Lines of force between charges

9
THE UNIT OF CHARGE
1 Coulomb=
Coulomb 6.25 × 1018
electrons
Unit of
Charge

10
CURRENT FLOW
• Analogy for the concept of current flow

11
Can you explain

CURRENT DEFINITION
Rate of charge Electric

flow Current
dq
i
dt
i = current flow (amperes)
q = charge (coulombs)
t = time (seconds)

13
CURRENT FLOW

14
CURRENT
Arrow
Direction of
current flow
i
3A
2 Informations
-3 A
Unit : Ampere Value

Variable or
a known value
15
ACTIVE ELEMENT: CURRENT SOURCE
The Is through the source is
Independent
completely independent of the

voltage across the source
DCS “2ix” depends on the

current “ix” which is at
another location in the circuit.
Dependent
R2 R3 The value of the current "3vx"

depends on the value of the
+ vx -
voltage “vx"
is
R1 3vx

16
VOLTAGE
When a current flows through a circuit element, it develops
a voltage drop across the terminals of that element.
The voltage across an element is the work (energy W) required to

move a unit positive charge from the –ve terminal to the +ve terminal.

17
VOLTAGE
+ / - sign
Voltage
reference direction
2 Informations
Unit : Volts Value

variable or
a known value
18
How to identify the voltage value?
Vx = 10 V Vx = - 10 V

19
Independent
Voltage Source
Dependent
Active
Independent
Capable of
generating Current Source
electrical energy
Ideal Basic
Dependent
Circuit Element
Resistor
Passive Capacitor
Receiving
electrical energy Inductor

20
ACTIVE ELEMENT: VOLTAGE SOURCE
The 5V across the source is
Independent
completely independent of the

current through the source.
R1 R2
+ v1 - DVS “100V1” depends on
R3 the voltage “V1” which is at
Vs another location in the circuit.
Dependent
+ 100v
1
-
R1 3ix The value of the voltage "3ix"

-
depends on the value of the
+
ix
current "ix"
5V R2 R3

21
Resistors
Source
http://slideplayer.com

22
Capacitors
Source
23
Inductors
Source

24
Author Information
Nor Rul Hasma Abdullah (Ph. D)

Senior Lecturer
Email:
hasma@ump.edu.my
Google Scholar:
Nor Rul Hasma
Scopus ID :
35791718100


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DEE 1124 Circuit Analysis I

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

1.1 Introduction of circuit analysis

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

a battery or allow for the any object that

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

103 kilo k Power Watt W

102 hecto h Capacitance Farad F

10 deka da Inductance Henry H

10-1 deci D Resistance Ohm Ω

10-2 centi c Electric current Ampere A

10-3 milli m Thermodynamic Kelvin K

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

• Analogy for the concept of current flow

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Rate of charge Electric

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Unit : Ampere Value

completely independent of the

DCS “2ix” depends on the

R2 R3 The value of the current "3vx"

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

The voltage across an element is the work (energy W) required to

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Unit : Volts Value

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

completely independent of the

R1 3ix The value of the voltage "3ix"

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

Nor Rul Hasma Abdullah (Ph. D)

Basic Concept by N.R.H. Abdullah

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