Fuels we use

Notebook work

Mind-Map

Fuels

(A material that is burned to produce energy)

Sources of energy

Non-Renewable sources of energy Renewable sources of energy

Fossil fuel

Coal oil natural gas Wind power Solar power Water/hydro power Biomass

Q1. Define:

i. Fuels: A substance that is used to produce heat and energy. E.g. Petrol, diesel etc.

ii. Fossil fuels: Fossil fuels are formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that got
buried deep under the ground millions of years ago. E.g. coal, petroleum, natural gas.

iii. Biogas: It is a mixture of gases made from biodegradable wastes such as cow dung, manure,
sewage, etc.

Q2. Differentiate between:

1. Renewable and non-renewable source of energy

Q3. Give reasons:

a) Coal is called fossil fuel

It is obtained from deep inside the earth through mining. It is a solid fossil fuel.

b) We should reduce our dependence on non-renewable fuel.

They are available in limited quantity in nature and cannot be created once finished.

c) CNG is called clean fuel.

It does not cause pollution. It is supplied directly from the gas fields through pipelines and used
as domestic and industrial fuel.

Q4.Answer the following questions:

i) What is petroleum and how is it obtained?

Petroleum is a black, smelly, crude mineral oil. It is formed from buried dead remains of
plants and animals that lived millions of years ago in the sea.

It is found in areas under the sea called reservoirs. It is taken out by drilling deep wells using oil rigs.
When they reach the oil reserve/reservoir, oil and gas rush out. After drilling, it is sent through oil
tankers to an oil refinery.

ii) What is an oil refinery? Name some oil refineries in India.

An oil refinery is an industrial process plant where petroleum is transformed and refined
into useful products such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas etc.
 Some of the oil refineries in India are at Digboi, Kochi, Mathura, Haldia, Barauni, Mumbai
and Chennai.

iii) What are alternate fuels? Give examples of few alternate fuels.
Alternative fuels are derived from sources other than petroleum . Often, they produce less
pollution than fossil fuels.
Some alternate fuels are:
(as given on page 113)

Q5. Turning off your vehicle when the traffic light is red light is a good habit. Suggest certain measures
on how to cut down the use of fuels. (HOTS)

(pg. 112)

Enhancement: Draw a poster and write a slogan too.

Topic: Save fuel -Save Earth- Save Mankind.