Forest Land Use Plan Municipality of GitAGUM

Forest Land Use Plan
2023-2027
FOREST LAND USE
PLAN MUNICIPALITY OF
GITAGUM PROVINCE OF MISAMIS
ORIENTAL
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Generally, the importance of this Forest and Land Use Planning (FLUP) is to
provide direction to the Municipality of Gitagum, the Department of Environment and
Natural Resources (DENR), and other stakeholders in managing the Forests and
Forest Lands (FFL) within the area of responsibility. Through this, it guides the
Local Government Unit (LGU) of Gitagum to mobilize and utilize the resources to
achieve its specific objectives, goals, and vision purposely for the Forest and
Forestland. The jurisdiction of LGU Gitagum approximately has a total land area of
4,010.41 hectares, of which 3,392.92 hectares are classified as Alienable and
Disposable Land, and 617.49 hectares are classified as Forestland. There is no
tenurial instrument issued within the forestland of Gitagum. While within the Forest
Land, an area of 365.53 hectares of open access is one of the main concerns of
this planning and management while continuing in protecting, conserving, and
sustainably managing the natural resources that have already been allocated.
The jurisdiction of LGU Gitagum lies within the four (4) sub-watershed,
namely: Gitagum Sub-watershed, Pangayawan Sub-watershed, Anibungon Sub-
watershed, and Taglaklak Sub-watershed. Out of four Sub-watersheds, Pangayawan
Sub-watershed has the biggest land area which covers the five barangays with an
area of 1,747.95 hectares or 43.59% of the total sub-watershed area. These
identified sub-watersheds are utilized mainly for hydrological values (domestic and
agricultural purposes), and economic and aesthetic purposes. Other benefits and
services such as ecotourism and other intangible benefits obtained by the residents.
This plan put these assets to their best use under appropriate management. This
is also the basis for monitoring, assessing, and reporting to ensure and check
the management performance all throughout the implementation process.
Problems being addressed is due to free access to all goods and services that
the forest and forest lands could offer; the stakeholders neglect its importance
and exploit its value. Based on the situational analysis, there are expanding
agricultural activities in the forest lands, resulting to the decline of natural forests,
degradation of water sources, forest fires, inadequate water supply, population
pressure, higher risks of disasters, and boundary conflicts/ conflicting land claims
Additionally, the following are the key issues, conflicts, and problems
identified in the FFL; non-creation of Municipal Environment and Natural resources
(MENRO), expanding agricultural areas, declining natural forests, forest fires,
higher risks to disasters, degradation of water sources and boundary conflicts. In
terms of financial requirements and sources of funds in implementing FLUP, the
LGU and DENR shall create ordinance for financing mechanisms. Sources of funds
are not only from the DENR funds; some are from the site beneficiaries that were
collecting users’ fees and
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payments for environmental services. The income will be used in managing the
forest land and for funding requirements in implementing the strategies activities
for consolidated five-year budgetary requirements.
The following are the corresponding strategies recommended that the

problems of FFL are being addressed are the following; to determine the open access
and place appropriate managements (specifically the protection and development of
forest and forest land). Stewarding the Forest and Forest Land will be a great
contribution for sustaining of finite resources to uplift the socio-economic and
ecological condition of the society. Also, there will be improved enforcement of
environmental laws and policies regarding illegal activities within the watersheds
and forestlands, the conduct of Communication Education and Public Awareness
(CEPA) on the benefits of managing watersheds and forestlands. Organizational/
Institutional arrangements will be participated by the local government unit and the
national agencies, particularly the involvement of the Department of Environment
and Natural Resources and selected Civil Society
Organizations/Stakeholders/Peoples Organizations. The FLUP Project Management
Committee shall be created to ensure that the programs and projects will run
smoothly in the implementation phase. On the financial, budgetary requirements and
source of funds for the first-year implementation budget will require a total of PhP
125,000.00, and for the end of the five-year implementation will need PhP
8,840,000. The said budgetary requirements for implementation will be sourced out
from the LGU funds based on the approved budget and external sources from the
national agencies.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary ………………………………………………………………………………… i
Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………………………… iii
List of Figures vi
………………………………………………………………………………………… List of Tables vii
…………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
Chapter II. SCOPE AND LIMIT OF THE FOREST LAND USE PLAN ……………….. 3
Chapter III. METHODOLOGY …………………………………………………………………… 5
Chapter IV. KEY FINDINGS ……………………………………………………………………… 9
4.1.1. Municipal Profile ………………………………………………………………….. 9
4.1.2. Topography and Slope …………………………………………………………. 12
4.1.3. Elevation …………………………………………………………………………….. 14
4.1.4. Climate and Weather Condition …………………………………………….. 17
4.1.5. Soil Characteristic ………………………………………………………………… 19
4.1.6. Sub-watersheds and Drainage ………………………………………………. 21
4.1.7. Socio-Economic and Cultural Profile ………………………………………. 23
4.1.8. Livelihood Sources ………………………………………………………………. 28
4.1.9. Economic Structure ……………………………………………………………… 32
4.1.10. Social Services …………………………………………………………………… 36
4.1.11. Sports and Recreation ………………………………………………………… 39
4.1.12. Educational Facilities …………………………………………………………. 40
4.1.13. Infrastructure Services ……………………………………………………….. 44
4.1.14. Peace, Order and Security Sector ………………………………………… 47
4.1.15. Power Sources …………………………………………………………………… 48
4.1.16. Water Resources ………………………………………………………………… 49
4.1.17. Communication ………………………………………………………………….. 51
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4.1.18. Geohazard …………………………………………………………………………. 52
4.2. Condition of Forest and Forest Land Assets ……..…………………………
54 4.3. Key Stakeholders …………………………………………………………………….
64
4.4. Institutional Assessment …………………………………………………………. 66
4.5. Summary of Key Issues, conflict, problems, needs, investment …… 67
/socio-economic opportunities
4.6. Needs …………………………………………………………………………………. 71
4.7. Investment / Socio-Economic Opportunities ……………………………….
71 Chapter V. VISION, MISSION, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES ……………………………..
72
Chapter VI. RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES ………………………………………………….
73 6.1. General Strategies ……………………………………………………………………
73
6.2. Specific Technical Strategies …………………………………………………….. 77
6.3. Climate Change adaptation strategies ……………………………………….. 80
6.4. Cross cutting strategies unsustainable forest practices …………………
80 Chapter VII. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND OPERATIONS …………………..
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82
IN SUPPORT OF FLUP IMPLEMENTATION
7.0.1. Forging partnership agreements or arrangements …………………….
87 Chapter VIII . ESTIMATED FIVE YEARS FINANCIAL REQUIREMENT
………………… 88
IMPROVING FLUP
Chapter IX. Periodic Monitoring and Evaluation of FLUP Implementation …………. 95
9.1. Baselines and indicators of performance…………………………………… 95
9.2. Multi-sectoral and inter-agency periodic assessment, analysis and
Reporting in support of the FLUP ………………………………………………
95
9.3. Periodic assessment of key FLUP Indicators for the implementation
FLUP ……………………………………………………………………………………… 96
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Appendices
1. Thematic Maps
2. MDC Resolution
3. Sangguniang Bayan Resolution Adopting the FLUP
4. Sangguniang Bayan Resolution Authorizing the LCE to sign and enter
into MOA with the DENR for FLUP Implementation
5. Memorandum of Agreement (MOA for FLUP Implementation)
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No. Figures Page No
1 Administrative Map, LGU Gitagum 10
2 Slope Map, LGU Gitagum 13
3 Elevation Map, LGU Gitagum 16
4 Climate Map, LGU Gitagum 18
5 Soil Map, LGU Gitagum 20
6 Sub-watershed and Drainage Map, LGU Gitagum 22
7 Settlement Map, LGU Gitagum 27
8 Infrastructure Map, LGU Gitagum 45
9 Geohazard Map, LGU Gitagum 53
10 Land Classification Map, LGU Gitagum 55
11 Open Access Map, LGU Gitagum 58
12 Tourism Map, LGU Gitagum 60
13 Landcover 2010 Map, LGU Gitagum 62
14 Landcover 2015 Map, LGU Gitagum 63
15 Conflict Map, LGU Gitagum 69
16 Issues Map, LGU Gitagum 70
17 Forest Land Zoning Map, LGU Gitagum 75
18 Proposed Allocation Map, LGU Gitagum 76
19 Proposed Organizational Structure of MENRO 82
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LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Tables Page No
1 General Information 9
2 Land Area by Barangay by Classification 11
3 Slope Category 14
4 Elevation Category 15
5 Annual rainfall data of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental from 2007- 17

2015
6 Extent of Sub-watershed and Estimated Length of Rivers and 21

Creeks (km.)
7 Historical population growth within the municipality of Gitagum, 23

Misamis Oriental (from CY 1970-2020)
8 Comparative Barangay Population Density within the 23

municipality of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental CY 2020
9 Comparative barangay population proportion within the 25

municipality of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental
10 Annual population growth rate within the municipality of 25

Gitagum, Misamis Oriental (CY 2015-2020)
11 Summary of agriculture crops by area and production within the 28

12 Comparative crop production within the municipality of 29

Gitagum, Misamis Oriental for CY 2008-2011
13 Projected food requirement per Capita per Annum for CY 2013- 29

2022 within the municipality of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental
14 Top five commodities within the municipality of Gitagum, 30

Misamis Oriental
15 Comparative livestock and poultry farms within the municipality 32

of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental
16 Livestock and poultry production within the municipality of 33

Gitagum, Misamis Oriental for CY 2011
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17 Inventory of commercial poultry farms within the municipality of 33

Gitagum, Misamis Oriental
18 Agriculture extension services within the municipality of 35

19 Current and projected requirement for Health personnel within 37

20 Current status and inventory of health facilities within the 38

21 Enrollment Participation Rate by Educational Level 37 41
22 Comparative number of Classroom in pre-school, elementary 41

and secondary levels for SY 2011-2012
23 Location and status of school facilities within the municipality of 42

24 Summary of road data within the municipality of Gitagum, 46

Misamis Oriental
25 Established bridges, within the municipality of Gitagum, Misamis 47

Oriental
26 Ratio proportion of the total population and the total number of 48

PCO and PNCO
27 Number of electric power consumers by type and average 49

consumption within the municipality of Gitagum,
Misamis Oriental
28 Water sources and its location within the municipality of 50

29 Number of landline telephones subscribers per barangays within 51

the municipality of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental
30 Land Classification Distribution 54
31 Prioritization of Sub-watershed 56
32 Land Cover 2010 v.s. Landcover 2015 61
33 Stakeholder Use and Management Action Table 65
34 Institutional Assessment Matrix 66
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35 First Year Work Plan 88
36 First Five Years Work Plan 91
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CHAPTER 1.0
INTRODUCTION
It is mandated under Republic Act 7160 that the local government unit shall
share with the national government the responsibility for the management and
maintenance of ecological balance within their territorial jurisdiction. Thus, the
formulation of the Forest Land Use Plan of the Municipality of Gitagum, Misamis
Oriental was crafted through an interactive, transparent and participatory process to
ensure sustainable management of forests and forestlands in the municipality.
1.1 Importance of the LGU’s FFL
With boundless importance, the Local Government Unit of Gitagum, Misamis

Oriental has to formulate FLUP to provide directions to manage the Forest and Forest
Land appropriately and sustainably to ensure the environment, social and economic
aspects, to facilitate harmonized management of protected areas within FFL and
integrated management of the ecosystem, to serve as a management tool for
establishing accountabilities, and promoting responsible forest resources
management. Also, it is apt to incorporate environmental considerations in preparing
our FLUP because of the pressing issues facing humankind nowadays. Moreover, the
initiative of the Municipality has to be pursued to reduce the risk of catastrophic
climate change impacts. Since the critical role of the LGU in mitigating and adopting
strategies to combat Climate Change is distinctly mandated in Sec. 14 of the Climate
Change Act of 2009 (RA 9729). The Local Government Unit of Gitagum, Misamis
Oriental, has to formulate, plan and implement Climate Change Action Plan/s, and
the integration of these strategies/ approaches and related forest projects and
programs in FLUP is very significant. FLUP shall be one of the tools of the LGUs in
promoting better management of the FFL in terms of commercial tree production,
which is in high demand considering the increased awareness of using reusable or
biodegradable bags and other items.
1.2 FLUP as a tool to align land uses and ensure effective on-
site management of the LGU’s Forest and Forest Land (FFL)
The FLUP is a tool to allocate the natural resource assets of the municipality
and put these assets to their best uses. These resource assets include the forests
and forest lands. Since the stakeholder must first be knowledgeable on how to
utilize the Forest land in the municipality, the LGU of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental, is
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necessary to ensure effective onsite management of forest land area. The FLUP of
LGU of Gitagum,
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Misamis Oriental, should align with the provincial and regional plans. In the same
manner, DENR, as the primary agency responsible for the conservation,
management, and development, should facilitate the implementation and monitoring
of forest land use programs under existing laws and regulations. The overall
concept of FLUP is to close open access areas and assign responsible on-site
managers by way of granting tenurial instruments to the recognized Peoples
Organization (PO).
1.3 FLUP in support on other Development

Plans
The FLUP of the LGU of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental shall be incorporated in the
Municipal Comprehensive Land Use Plan (MCLUP) 2023-2027 in support of other
development plans. The FLUP assigns accountable tenure holders and allocation
instruments based on their commitments, agreements, and plans in the management
of allocated areas. FLUP also requires the participation of stakeholders in the
situational analysis, forest management, and land allocation planning process,
including forest programs and policy.
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CHAPTER 2.0
SCOPE AND LIMIT OF THE FOREST LAND USE PLAN
The FLUP will serve as a guide in managing the Forest and Forestlands of the
LGU of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental. This is one of the envisioned plans of LGU that can
be incorporated into the CLUP but more focused on FFL. This will also serve
as a continuing collaboration and partnership with the DENR in all aspects of
Environmental and Natural Resource (ENR) programs and projects. It is a plan to
appreciate and recognize the value of the FFL and the watershed management
principles in the application and investment of the natural resources, particularly in
the protection and production areas.
2.1 FLUP Coverage

The FLUP covers a total land area of 4,010.41 hectares, of which 617.49
hectares are forestland, and 3,392.92 hectares are Alienable and Disposal, per
the Approved Comprehensive Land Use Plan of 2000-2010 as supported by SB
Resolution 128 S-2001. G. Pelaez, a rural barangay, has the biggest land area
covering 1,517.70 hectares of its total land area.
2.2 Duration of the Plan

Simultaneous with the CLUP 2023-2027 of the Municipality, the FLUP shall
have the same duration, which explicitly charts the medium and long-term plan.
And it is vital to incorporate these plans to determine the optimum and balanced use
of natural resources to support community development. However, the work plan as
presented shall have a duration of five (5) years and shall be reviewed and
updated after the period given.
2.3 Complementation with Other Plans

The FLUP shall be integrated into CLUP 2023-2027 and other thematic plans
since the ridge to reef approach of the plan contributes quality information,
particularly in forest land-use zoning and its implication to other developmental
plans. The FLUP can also contribute to decision-making with regard to
management, rehabilitation of forestlands, development, and rehabilitation of the
forest and forestland assets of the Municipality.
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2.4 Data limitations
The plan covers socio-profile within the forest and forest land, the vegetative
cover, and land use mapping, including other geo-spatial data only. Using the
secondary data from CLUP and primary data gathered from Focused Group
Discussion (FGD), maps from MGB, DENR, NAMRIA, and MPDO were used as
base maps to produce thematic and derived/composite maps. The collection of data
will focus mainly on FFL and the open access area of the municipality.
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CHAPTER 3.0
METHODOLOG
Y
The FLUP was prepared by the Municipality of Gitagum Technical Working

Group (TWG) headed by the MENRO with the Municipal City Planning and
Development Office as the Head Secretariat following the six (6) FLUP process
(module). The MTWG was represented by the Heads of the different departments
of the LGU. Likewise, technical assistance was provided by DENR thru Community
Environment and Natural Resources Office Initao and PENRO Misamis Oriental.
The specific activities conducted were as follows, to wit:

1. Preparatory Activities
● Coordination meeting with LGU re: discussion on FLUP;

● Conducted orientation and leveling-off meeting to prepare Action Plan and
budgeting requirements, and the passage of SB Resolution authorizing the
Local Chief Executive (LCE) to enter into MOA for FLUP formulation;
● Creation of FLUP Technical Working Group; and
● Crafting and signing of MOA in the formulation of the FLUP and Executive
Order formulating the Municipal Technical Working Group
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2. Profiling and Mapping
● Gathering of primary and secondary data thru Key Informant Interview

(KII), Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and consultation with department
heads of LGU of the Municipality of Gitagum;
FLUP Technical Working Group gather

primary and secondary data. KII was
conducted with key barangay officials
at the Municipal Hall and in the field
(Barangay G. Pelaez).
● Training for LGU TWG-Mapping Team on GIS-Mapping

(Manifold) conducted by DENR;
● Identification of data gaps for the preparation of thematic maps and
situational analysis; and
● Finalization of thematic maps by the Mapping Team of TWG
3. Situational Analysis
● Conduct of workshop for Situational Analysis, Identification and Prioritization

of Sub-watershed, Crafted Vision and Mission Setting, analysis on the
condition of FFL, and conduct of institutional and stakeholders’ assessments;
● Resource Assessment through map overlaying and analysis; and
● Allocation of open access and identifying strategies on the zoning forestlands
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4. Drafting/Preparation of FLUP
● Conduct of write shop on the formulation of FLUP

● Further analysis of data gaps and thematic maps
Analysis of thematic maps and identification of gaps with the participation of the barangay
officials and sectoral representatives. Integrating DRR-CCA into the plan
Field validation of thematic maps at

Barangay G. Pelaez
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5. Legitimization of FLUP by LGU and Approval of DENR
● Presentation of the draft FLUP to the Municipal Development

Council/Stakeholders/ for adoption and endorsement to the Sangguniang
Bayan for the issuance of the resolution adopting and approval;
● Presentation of draft FLUP to the Committee on Environment

and Appropriations;
● Presentation of the final FLUP to the Sangguniang Bayan for approval and
adoption, as well as the draft MOA for joint FLUP implementation;
● The signing of FLUP implementation MOA between DENR and LGU
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CHAPTER 4.0
KEY
FINDINGS
4.1.1 Municipal/LGU Profile
Geographical Location
The Municipality of Gitagum is a 5th class municipality in Western Misamis
Oriental located next to the Municipality of Laguindingan. It is approximately 36
kilometers from the highly urbanized centers of Cagayan de Oro City. It has a
shoreline of 6.2 kilometers stretching along Iligan Bay.
Gitagum is located within the geographic coordinates 8⁰32’00” north latitude

and 124⁰25’30” east longitude. It is bounded on the north by Iligan Bay, on the east
by the Municipality of Laguindingan, on the west by the Municipality of Libertad, and
on the south by the Municipality of Alubijid.
Table 1: General Information

General Information
Year Profiled : 2020
LGU Profile
Name of LGU : Municipality of Gitagum
Province : Misamis Oriental
Region : Region 10, Northern
Mindanao
Income Classification : 5th Class Municipality
Area (in square kilometres/sq.km) : 40.1. sq.km
Population : 17,920 (PSA)
Population Growth Rate : 2.27
No. of Families : 3,956
Average Household Size : 4 members
No. of Barangays : 11
Urban Barangays : 5
Rural Barangays : 6
Major Economic Activities : Agriculture and Services
LGU Income:
Actual Internal Revenue Allotment : 75,242,573.00
Locally Sourced : 3,918,460.28
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Figure 1. Administrative Map of Gitagum
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Gitagum comprises 11 barangays with a total land area of 4,010.41 hectares.

Table 2 shows the urban and rural barangays of LGU Gitagum with a corresponding
land area of 1,470.40 hectares for urban barangay and the rural barangays of
2,540.00 hectares. Quezon has the highest land area of 451.77 hectares, or 11% of
the total municipal area among the urban barangays. Considered as the rural
barangays of Pelaez, it has the largest land area that, covers 27% of the overall
land area or an equivalent of 1,095.44 hectares.
Table 2. Showing Land Area by Barangay by Classification

Name of Barangay A & D (has) Forestland Total (has)
(ha)
Urban 1,468.25 2.14 1,470.39
1. Poblacion 387.28 387.28
2. Matangad 390.88 390.88
3. Burnay 115.31 115.31
4. Pangayawan 125.16 125.16
5. Quezon 449.62 2.14 451.77
Rural 1,924.65 615.35 2,540.00
1. Cogon 503.50 503.50
2. Tala-o 218.34 218.34
3. C.P. Garcia 197.72 197.72
4. Ulab 288.16 288.16
5. G. Pelaez 480.09 615.35 1095.44
6. Kilangit 236.84 236.84
TOTAL 3,392.90 617.49 4,010.39
Source: NAMRIA Map & GIS generated data
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4.1.2 Topography and Slope

Gitagum is shaped like a native fan. Its broad limestone plain within 0-100
meters elevation stretches from Iligan Bay towards the eastern part, narrowing
down to rise 100-300 meters above sea level, forming low and high relief
shale/sandstone hills. Ultra-basic high relief hills at the southwestern most part of
the municipality serve as the fan’s handle.
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Figure 2. Slope Map, LGU

Gitagum
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Based on the slope profile of the municipality, the slope gradually becomes
very steep (>51%) in barangay G. Pelaez, with a total area of 128.33 hectares.
On the other hand, most rural Barangay is steep or gradually flat.
The slope of 0-18% is flatland; about 2,324.12 hectares of the municipality

are considered to be nearly level. It determines the suitability for human settlement
and better agricultural soils compared to steeper lands and is considered irrigable
and highly suitable for urban and industrial. The slope of 19- 30% comprises
about 1,557.96 hectares is rolling to hilly is another potential for seasonal or
permanent agricultural activities. Slopes of 50% and above with an area of 128.33
hectares are cliff-like or steep hills suitable for forest trees and should be maintained
as protection forests.
Table 3. Showing Slope Category
Category Area (ha) %

0-18 % 2,324.12 57.95
18-30% 1,557.96 38.85
30-50% 0 0
>50% 128.23 3.2
Total 4,010.56 100
4.1.3 Elevation
Based on the table below, a considerable area of 1,755.21 hectares (0-100

masl) is still feasible for the cultivation of agricultural crops and establishment of
forest plantations which shall be subject to future utilization. However, areas
above 400 masl, which is the highest elevation found in barangay G. Pelaez shall be
developed into tree plantations for protection purposes. They shall not be subject
to harvesting/utilization.
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Table 4. Showing Elevation Category
Category (masl) Area (ha) %
0-100 1,755.21 44
100-300 2,177.81 54
300-500 77.39 2
Total 4,010.41 100
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Figure 3. Elevation Map, LGU Gitagum
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4.1.4 Climate and Weather Condition

The climate of the Philippines is tropical and maritime. It is characterized by
relatively high temperature, high humidity, and abundant rainfall. Based on the
distribution of rainfall, four climate types are recognized. Based on the Corona
Climate Classification (Geohazard Report of Collantes, M.G.B., Lucero E.S. and Asis,
J.C.V.), the municipality of Gitagum falls under Type III, which means the seasons
are not very pronounced, dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the
year.
Heavy rains usually occur in January, February, September, and December.

The municipality receives 1,000-2,000 millimeters of rain per annual average and
124.4-
168.1 millimeters annual, monthly average.
Table 5. Annual rainfall data of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental from CY 2007-2015.

Month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
January 86 184 457 153.2 181.3 212.3 211.1 504.6 189.7
February 47 900 207.1 0.4 166.3 102.16 91.3 39.9 6.8
March 3 83 1 23.3 130.8 48.22 61.2 84 3.4
April 24 166 155 16.4 34.9 79.26 89.3 89.3 66.4
May 248 171 233.7 153.4 118.3 184.88 201.1 201.1 40.4
June 213 228 189.9 155.3 231.6 203.56 268.2 305.8 179.8
July 233 241 308.1 353.2 182.5 263.56 268 305.8 111.9
August 182 193 198.6 212.2 226.8 190.52 211.4 409.9 47.2
September 210 279 209.7 264.8 232.2 239.14 162 232.7 192.3
October 161 253 107.1 297.7 194.1 202.58 173.6 76.7 112.7
November 99 101 329.3 62.8 115.6 141.54 103.5 88.9 37.9
December 98 143 36.2 131.8 333.6 148.54 13.7 137.1 81.3
Source: PAGASA-El Salvador City (2016)
Based on table 5 from PAG ASA, the wettest month are from January, August,
July, and September recorded in the calendar year 2014, with monthly rainfall
varying from 504.6, 409.9 305.8, and 232.7 millimeters (mm). On the other hand,
the driest period runs from March and February having monthly rainfall ranging
from 3.4 mm and 6.8 mm for the year 2015.
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Figure 4. Climate Map, LGU Gitagum
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4.1.5 Soil
Characteristic
The Department of Agriculture – Bureau of Soil and Water Management (DA-

BSWM) has identified only two (2) types of soils in the Municipality: the Bolinao clay
and the Lourdes clay loam. These types of soil provide good anchorage and root
penetration for various crops. Bolinao clay is very abundant and less rugged hill
mountain, while Lourdes clay loam is in the hinterland portion of the municipality.
The organic matter of the phosphorus level and the potassium content
together with the medium texture was not specifically measured. The soils of
Gitagum are generally suitable for cultivating annual crops and perennial trees and
vines. Only a minor portion, six percent (6%), are suitable for plantation forest and
are scattered in the sloping and high relief areas of barangay Quezon, Kilangit, and
Burnay. Based on existing use, only the land in Quezon which are planted for trees
is over-utilized. On the other hand, lands suitable for annual crops such as trees
and vines are underutilized. Therefore, these areas are considered for further
development.
The geological makeup of the municipality is classified into three times scales.
The most dominant, which covers more or less 60%, is the Pliocene- Pleistocene
scale with a parent material of Coraline limestone and mineral composition of calcite.
These are found in barangays Poblacion, Burnay, Pangayawan, Matangad and
Quezon.
The second formation covering 35%, belongs to the upper Miocene Pliocene,
composed of quartz. Iron oxide and clay minerals are set up in the upper portions of
the municipality within the barangays of Cogon, Ulab, G. Pelaez and parts of Tala-o,
C.P. Garcia, Kilangit and Quezon. A negligible portion, 5% along the southwestern
boundary, are rocks belonging to the upper Cretaceous-Paleocene scale; Mineral
compositions in these areas are talc, chloride, olivine, amphibole, pyroxene, and
biocide
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Figure 5. Soil Map, LGU Gitagum
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4.1.6 Sub-watersheds and Drainage
Watershed represents a unique ecosystem that can provide various goods

and services. There are four (4) Sub-watersheds in the municipality, namely to wit;
1. Gitagum Sub-watershed with an area of 838.91 hectares extending from

barangay Poblacion, G. Pelaez and Cogon.
2. Pangayawan Sub-watershed with an area of 1,747.95 hectares extending

from barangays Tala-o, Burnay, G. Pelaez, Cogon, Quezon, Pangayawan,
C.P. Garcia, Kilangit and
Ulab.
3. Anibungan Sub-watershed with an area of 632.69 hectares extending from

barangay Matangad, Pangayawan, C.P. Garcia, Kilangit and Ulab.
4. Taglaklak Sub-watershed with an area of 790.86 hectares from barangay

G. Pelaez, Quezon, Matangad, Kilangit and Ulab.
The abovementioned sub-watershed contributed to water supply for domestic

and agricultural use and was drained towards the Macajalar bay.
Table 6. Extent of Sub-watershed and Estimated Length of Rivers and

Creeks (km.)
River/Creek
Name of Sub-watershed Area (ha) Percentage (%)
(km)
Gitagum 838.91 20.92 1.99
Pangayawan 1,747.95 43.59 13.59
Anibungan 632.69 15.78 6.35
Taglaklak 790.86 19.72 9.86
Total 4,010.41 100 31.79
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Figure 6. Sub-watershed and Drainage Map, LGU Gitagum
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4.1.7 Socio-Economic and Cultural Profile
Historical Growth of the Population
The 2020 PSA Census of Population in Gitagum indicates a total of 17,920

persons. This represents 2 percent of the total population of Misamis Oriental
Province or 0.36 percent of the overall population of Northern Mindanao.
Represents an increase of 1,547 persons over the total population of 16,373 in
2015. The 2020 data translated to an average growth of 1.82 % from the period
2015 to 2020, which is higher than the national, regional and provincial growth
rate of 1.63%, 1.46% and 1.57%, respectively.
Table 7. Historical population growth within the municipality of Gitagum,

Misamis Oriental (from CY 1970-2015).
Year Population Increase/ Growth Growth Rate (%)
Decrease Rate Provincial Regional National
(%)
1970 8,000 3.08
1975 9,288 1,288 3.03% - - 2.78
1980 9,639 351 0.74% - 3.40 2.71
1990 10,994 1,355 1.13% - 2.36 2.35
1995 11,327 333 0.60% - 2.44 2.32
2000 13,522 2,195 3.61% 2.67 2.00 2.34
2007 14,355 833 0.86% 2.06 1.67 2.04
2010 16,098 1,743 3.89% 1.66 3.09 1.90
2015 16,373 275 0.34% 1.68 1.68 1.70
2020 17,920 1,547 1.82% 1.57 1.46 1.63
Source: Philippine Statistic Authority (PSA)/MPDC
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Population Density
Based on the municipality’s population land area of 4,010.41 hectares,

the population density of Gitagum is 4 persons per hectare or 377 inhabitants per
square meter or 977 inhabitants per square mile. The most densely populated
barangay is Barangay Burnay with a population density of 14 persons per hectare.
It is followed by Barangay Pangayawan and Barangay Poblacion. Barangay G. Pelaez
has the lowest population density of about 1 person per hectare.
Table 8. Comparative barangay population density within the municipality

of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental (CY 2020).
Barangays Population Population density
(Person per ha.)
Burnay 1,597 14
Carlos P. Garcia 828 4
Cogon 1,519 3
G. Pelaez 1,124 1
Kilangit 608 3
Matangad 4,021 10
Pangayawan 1,205 10
Poblacion 3,091 8
Quezon 1,472 3
Tala-o 1,361 6
Ulab 1,094 4
Total 17,920 4
Based on the gathered demographic data in 2020, the total population of

Gitagum is 17,920. The population of Gitagum is distributed among its eleven (11)
barangays. Barangay Matangad has the highest number of population (4,021),
which is 22.44 % of the total population. The second populous barangay is
Barangay Poblacion, with 3,091, 17.25 % of the total population. Barangay
Kilangit has the lowest population of 608, which is 3.39 % of the total population.
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Table 9. Comparative barangay population proportion within the municipality
of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental (CY 2020).
Barangays Population Percent (%)
Burnay 1,597 8.91%
Carlos P. Garcia 828 4.62%
Cogon 1,519 8.48%
G. Pelaez 1,124 6.27%
Kilangit 608 3.39%
Matangad 4,021 22.44%
Pangayawan 1,205 6.73%
Poblacion 3,091 17.25%
Quezon 1,472 8.21%
Tala-o 1,361 7.59%
Ulab 1,094 6.10%
Total 17,920 100%
Table 10. Annual population growth rate within the municipality of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental
(from CY 2015-2020).
Barangay Population Population Population Change Annual
Percentage (2020) (2015) (2015- Population
(2020) 2020) Growth Rate
(2015-2020)
Burnay 8.91 % 1,597 1,315 21.44 % 3.96 %
CP. Garcia 4.62 % 828 764 8.38 % 1.62 %
Cogon 8.48% 1,519 1,470 3.33 % 0.66 %
G. Pelaez 6.27 % 1,124 1,087 3.40 % 0.67 %
Kilangit 3.39 % 608 562 8.19 % 1.59 %
Matangad 22.44% 4,021 3,386 18.75 % 3.5 %
Pangayawan 6.72 % 1,205 1,199 0.50 % 0.10 %
Poblacion 17.25 % 3,091 3,294 -6.16 % -1.26 %
Quezon 8.21 % 1,472 1,166 26.24 % 4.77 %
Tala-o 7.59 % 1,361 1,197 13.70 % 2.60 %
Ulab 6.10 % 1,094 933 17.26 3.24 %
Total 100 % 17,920 16,373 9.45% 1.82 %
There is a -6.16% decrease in the population of Barangay Poblacion,

representing -1.26% annual growth rate between 2015-2020. Barangay Quezon
registered the highest increase in the population with a 26.24%, with the highest
annual population growth rate between 2015-2020.
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Combining age groups together, those aged 14 and below, consisting of the
young dependent population, which includes infants/babies, children, and young
adolescents/teenagers, make up an aggregated of 31.75% (5,690). Those aged 15
up to 64, roughly the economically active population and actual or potential
members of the workforce, constitute a total of 61.81% (11,076). The old
dependent population consists of the senior citizens, those aged 65 and over, total
6.44% (1,154) in all.
The age dependency ratios mean that among the population of Gitagum,
there are 51 youth dependents to every 100 of the working-age population; there
are ten aged/senior citizens to every 100 of the working population; and overall,
there are 62 dependents (young and old age) to every 100 of the working
population.
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Figure 7. Settlement Map, LGU Gitagum
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4.1.8 Livelihood Sources
Agriculture and Development
Agricultural lands cover a significant portion of the total land area, with
3,790 hectares or 87.32% of the municipality’s total land area. Out of the total
land area devoted to agriculture, only 2,634.50 hectares are cultivated. The
dominant crop grown is coconut. The actual area planted with corn is 1,062.91
hectares, while tobacco is about 494.27 hectares. About 75% of the area is
intercropped with coconut trees.
Root crops are also planted as food substitutes and as an additional
source of income. Many land owners with bigger land areas plant permanent crops
and fruit trees such as mango and senequilas (Spanish plums) to augment their
income.
In 2010, the requirement per capita for cereals, fruits, vegetables, and
root crops was 1,757.90, 1,233.91, 881.37, and 975.38 metric tons,
respectively. It indicates that a deficit in all commodities has been experienced due
to the irreversible effect of climate change, lack of support in terms of farm
inputs, and infertility of agricultural lands. The table below shows the 2011
agricultural crops by area planted and production.
Table 11. Summary of agricultural crops by area and production within

the municipality of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental.
No. CROPS AREA (has.) Production (MT)
1. Coconut 1,334.24 6.537.78
2. Corn 1.064.91 2,928.51
3. Tobacco 139.47 108.79
4. Mango 64.00 768.00
5. Banana 40.00 400.00
6. Peanut 14.75 40.57
7. Senequelas 87.75 8,77500
8. Squash 15.00 300.00
9. Mongo 45.00 56.25
10. Vegetable Assorted 12.00 69.60
Total 2,778.12 18,984.50
Source: MAO-Gitagum, Misamis Oriental
For a four (4) year period of production, it can be observed that there was a
significant decrease in the production of all food items. Rice farming has no area
suitable for lowland rice production. The table below illustrates the four-year
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production of selected food items.
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Table 12. Comparative crop production within the municipality of
Gitagum, Misamis Oriental for the CY 2008-2011.
Selected Production Year (Metric Ton)
Food Item 2008 2009 2010 2011
Corn 2,901.25 2,915.00 2,906.75 3,150.00
Banana 300.00 400.00 450.00 450.00
Vegetables 50.00 62.00 75.00 75.00
Cassava 500.00 600.00 200.00 100.00
Mango 360.00 600.00 600.00 624.00
Peanut 13.75 13.75 13.75 13.75
It is expected that based on the prescribed standard, the food requirement

per capita will generate an average increase of less than one (1%) percent annually.
This is attributed mainly to the slow growth rate of the municipality’s population.
The table below projects the food requirement per capita per annum in metric tons.
Table 13. Projected food requirement per Capita per Annum for the CY
2013- 2022 within the municipality of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental.
Food Items Requirement/ 2013 2015 2020 2022
Capita/Kg/yr
Cereal 109.20 1,803.65 1,834.80 1,915.07 1,948.15
Sugar 30.66 506.41 515.16 537.69 546.98
Root
60.59 1,000.76 1,018.05 1,062,58 1,080.94
Crops/Tubers
Fruits 76.65 1,266.02 1,287.89 1,344.23 1,367,45
Meat 33.13 547.21 556.66 581.01 591.05
Milk & Milk
24.42 403.34 410.31 428.26 435.66
Products
Eggs 3.98 65.74 66.87 69.80 71.00
Fish 30.66 506.41 515.16 537.69 546.98
The Source of agricultural inputs comes mainly from Cagayan de Oro City.
However, some purchase their farm inputs from the Laguindingan and Libertad,
Misamis Oriental. There are also poultries in the municipality, mainly for ducks and
chickens. Backyard and egg production are common projects where residents
usually invest as an alternative livelihood
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Table 14. Top five (5) commodities within the municipality of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental.
COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL GROSS PRODUCTIO FARM GATE PER CAPITA SUFFICIENC CONSTRAINS
LAND AREA OF PRODUCTIO N COST PER PRICE CONSUMPTIO Y LEVEL % TO
PRODUCTION N HECTARE/ N PRODUCTIVITY
(Ha.) YEAR
Coconut 2,092 2,510 MT 14,000.00 P 32 Senile trees
Unstable prices
Competition with
palm oil
Tobacco 188..05 171.13 MT 108,970.00 300 Pest and disease

Limited financial
assistance
Weather Condition
Marketing
Limited extension
workers for
financial
assistance
Corn 546 1,911 MT 30,000 12 20.9 KP 10.15 High cost of production
inputs
Lack of capitalization
Pest infection
climate condition
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Poultry 227,600 birds/cycle 412.5 MT P 65,000 75.00/kilo 7.19 kg 2.19 Disease

per cycle High cost of
inputs Adverse
weather condition
Fisheries Municipal 371.52 MT 48,000 80 /kilo 2.88 kg 1 Degraded fishing

Waters; 15 km Motorized grounds
from the Encroachment of
shoreline commercial
170.88 MT 19,200
fishing vessel
Non-Motorized
Illegal fishing
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4.1.9 Economic Structure
Livestock and Poultry
production
Majority of the farm households in the municipality engaged in backyard

raising
of livestock and commercial poultry raising. This is practiced because farmers believe
that backyard raising is one of the farming activities that can augment their income.
In the latest survey conducted by the Municipal Agriculture Office, the livestock
population was posted at 5,770, while 63,301 fowls for poultry. Of the total
livestock, population hogs registered a total population of 2,391, 1,376 for cattle; 2
for carabao; and 2,000 for goats. On the other hand, the poultry population
constitutes 13,270 native chickens. All registered poultry farms have been required
to secure an Environmental Compliance Certificate as a requirement for issuance of
permits such as zoning, building, and occupancy.
Table 15. Comparative livestock and poultry farms within the municipality of
Gitagum, Misamis Oriental.
No Animal 2008 2009 2010 2011
. Production
1. Cattle 1,089 1,351 1,365 1,376
2. Carabao 2 2 2 2
3. Goat 2,110 2,217 2,290 2,000
4. Hog 2,335 2,380 2,375 2,391
5. Horse 1 1 1 1
6. Chicken 10,510 13,700 52,500 63,270
7. Duck 25 20 30 31
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The municipality’s existing meat production posted at 468.60 metric tons

based on the data. Hence, it results in an average production surplus of 51.76
metric tons of meat. The table below shows the 2011 poultry and livestock
production in Gitagum.
Table 16. Livestock and poultry production within the municipality of

Gitagum, Misamis Oriental for the CY 2011.
No Type Population (Heads) Production (MT)
.
1. Cattle 1,376 237.00
2. Swine 2,391 141.56
3. Goat 2,000 69.68
4. Poultry 63,301 20.36
Total 69,068 468.60
Table 17. Inventory of commercial poultry farms within the municipality

of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental.
NAME TYPE LOCATION
Osin Poultry Farm Broiler Barangay Tala-o
Gordiel Poultry Farm Broiler
Victorio Chavez Poultry Broiler
Barangay CP Garcia
Farm (Formerly Catalina
Foods Poultry Farms)
Roberto Bongcas Agri Layers Barangay Kilangit
Poultry Farm
Nestor R. Illana Poultry Farm Broiler Barangay Quezon
Resohia Poultry Farm Broiler Barangay Cogon
Aside from farming, fishing is another means of livelihood. Gitagum municipal

waters comprise 5,230 hectares with a more or less 7 kilometers of shoreline
distance. Significant parts of the municipality’s coastal population are marginal
fisherfolks.
There are about 245 fisherfolk comprising 49% of the coastal population are
catching fish within the municipal waters. The majority of them are doing full-time
fishing as the primary source of livelihood. These fishermen are using locally made
fishing gears that include multiple and single hook and line, set gill nets; bottom,
multiple and set long line, drill gill net, fish pots, scoop net, and spear fishing. There
are 45 motorized and 350 non-motorized fishing boats in the municipality, disclosing
a ratio of 100 fisherfolk to 161 fishing boats.
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In the conduct of PCRA in five (5) coastal barangays of Gitagum, it shows that
there was a significant reduction in fish catch and other marine products compared
to previous years. This indicates that the quality of life in this fishing population
is correspondingly declining.
Land Use Map with SAFDZ is presented to show the scenario of the economic
industry in the municipality via agriculture. There have been techniques and
strategies introduced to fight poverty incidence in every barangay of the
municipality.
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Agricultural Support Facilities and

Services
The LGU has extended services to some groups of farmers and fishermen by
providing farm and livestock inputs, draft animals, fishing gear, and technical
assistance. The services have been regularly monitored to ensure that the
program/project objectives will be successful. The table below presents the
agricultural support services for a group of farmers and fishermen.
Table 18. Agriculture extension services within the municipality of Gitagum,

Misamis Oriental.
Agricultural Extension Services Barangays Served
1. Fertilizer Loan Assistance Program Municipal Wide
Technical Support to Crop Production Municipal Wide
Technical Support to Sustain Fishermen Poblacion, Burnay,
Pangayawan, Matangad,
Technical Support to livestock Municipal Wide
(Animal Health Care and
Vegetable Production (Assorted Quezon, Ulab, Matangad, G. Pelaez,
Vegetable Seeds) C.P. Garcia
Crop Production (Provision of Corn Municipal Wide
Seeds- OPV/Hybrid)
Cattle Dispersal Matangad – 2 Ulab – 2
Kilangit - 1 Quezon – 1
Pangayawan –
1
Acquisition of HDPP (High- Kilangit, C.P. Garcia, Burnay,
Density Polyethylene pipes) Cogon, Matangad
Communal Vegetable Garden Matangad
Mangrove Rehabilitation Burnay, Pangayawan, Matangad
Training/Seminars (Organic Municipal Wide
Farming, Rural Women,
The need to upgrade and maintain existing road networks of the barangay
farm to market roads is palpable. It is highly recommended that the Local
Government Unit take action towards this urgent concern. This will reduce travel
time and provide ease of transport of farm inputs and transportation of farm
produce. FMRs that are gravel roads need to be upgraded to concrete because they
are susceptible to erosion during the rainy season. The opening of new roads to
serve some of the potential productive areas would encourage increased production.
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4.1.10 Social Services
Health Facilities
Along with the municipality's growth and development comes the increase in
demand for health services. The vast majority of patients look up to the more
affordable health services offered by government-run institutions like the Municipal
Health Centers and Barangay Health Stations. The health sector of the Municipality
of Gitagum operates through its Municipal Health Center and Barangay Health
Stations. It serves a total population of 16,373 residents, divided among the eleven
barangays. The presence of functional health infrastructures provides access to
essential health services by the community. Indigency rate of about 20%, about
87% of these are beneficiaries of the Philhealth Indigency Program (PHIP), which
enable them to avail of free medical services both in the out-patient and hospital
in-patient care setting. Our Local Government Unit enrolls about 28.8% of these
beneficiaries (LGU).
In support of the health agenda of the current administration, coined as the

Universal Health Care of the Department of Health (DOH) has deployed several
nurses and midwives to the municipalities with identified poorest of the poor
(quintile one economic classification) constituents where Gitagum has identified
more than 900 families. For the year 2011, there were nine (9) nurses and four (4)
midwives deployed in Gitagum, and this will be sustained until the year 2018, with
the expectation that the Philippines will have attained its Millennium Development
Goals of reducing infant and maternal mortalities as well as reducing the prevalence
of communicable diseases.
Currently, the health personnel ratio as prescribed by DOH is as follows;

1 MHO : 20,000 population
1 PHN : 20,000 population
1 RHM : 5,000 population
2 Ambulance drivers : 20,000 population
1 RSI : 20,000 population
1 BHW : 20-40 households
1 BNS : 1 Barangay of 2,500 population
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Health Manpower and Projected Requirements
The LGU has one Municipal Health Officer (MHO), one public health nurse,
one sanitary inspector, and one medical technologist for every 20,000 residents,
which is within the prescribed ideal threshold of (1:20,000). There are 6 Rural Health
Midwives where the ideal ratio is 1:2,500-5,000). There are two ambulance drivers
where the ideal ratio is 1:20,000. Likewise, there are 100 Barangay Health
Workers and 12 Barangay Nutrition Scholars. DOH Region 10 augmented the
manpower of the Municipal Health office with five (5) nurses, two (2)
midwives, 1 Family Health Associate, one (1) Public Health Associate, and one (1)
universal health care implementation.
Most of the MHO personnel, specifically Public Health Nurse (1), Medical
Technologist (1), Ambulance Driver (1), and Utility worker (1), are all job orders. No
plantilla position can be created due to the financial constraints brought about by
the Internal Revenue Allocation of a 5th class municipality. The human resources
augmentation by DOH X enabled the deployment of at least one professional health
worker for every barangay in the municipality, albeit temporarily, considering these
personnel works on a contractual basis.
Table 19. Current and projected requirement for Health personnel

within Gitagum, Misamis Oriental.
HEALTH PERSONNEL CURRENT PROJECTED REQUIREMENT
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Municipal Health Officer 1 1 1 1 1 1
Rural Health Physician 0 0 0 0 1 1
Public Health Nurse 1 1 1 1 1 1
Public Health Dentist 0 1 1 1 1 1
Dental Aide 0 1 1 1 1 1
Medical Technologist 1 1 1 1 1 1
Laboratory Aide 1 1 1 1 2 2
Rural health Midwife 6 9 11 11 11 11
Rural Sanitary Inspector 1 1 1 1 1 1
Sanitary Aide 1 1 1 1 3 3
Health Educator 0 0 0 0 1 1
Physical Therapist 0 0 0 0 1 1
Ambulance Driver 2 2 2 2 3 3
Utility Worker 1 2 2 2 2 2
Clerk (IT) 0 2 1 1 1
Nurses(NDP – DOH) 5 11 11 11 11 11
Midwives (RHMPP – DOH) 2 2 0 0 0 0
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Family Health Associate 1 1 1 1 1 1

Universal Health 1 1 1 1 1 1
Care Implementor
Public Health Associate 1 1 1 1 1 1
Drug Dispensing Aide 1 1 1 1 1 1
Municipal Nutrition Officer 1 1 1 1 1 1
Encoder (IT) 1 1 1 1 1 1
Source: MHO – Gitagum, Misamis Oriental
The municipality has health stations located in barangays outside Poblacion;

though some need repair, others need construction of a new one. These stations
lack instruments required, equipment, and supplies and thus need upgrading. The
table below shows the inventory of health facilities and their current status.
Table 20. Current status and inventory of health facilities within the municipality
HEALTH LOCATION STATUS REMARKS
FACILITY
Municipal
Health
Center & Lying-in Functional, For Completion of
Clinic & TB-DOTS Poblacion upgraded Needs additional
Facility renovation
Barangay Health
Lacking Equipment,
Burnay instruments
Center
Functional
Barangay Health Functional/hazardo
Need to transfer area
us location (Flood
and construction of new
Center prone)
one
Pangayawan Needs repair
Barangay Health
Matangad Lack instruments/
Station
Functional equipment Needs repair
Barangay Health Lack instruments/ equipment
Quezon Needs repair
Center Lack instruments/ equipment
Functional
Barangay Health Needs relocation
Kilangit
Center
Functional
Barangay Health Functional
Barangay Health
G. Pelaez Hazardous location
Station (Landslide prone)
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Construction of a new one Needs instruments/equipment

Construction of a new one
Cogon Lack instruments/ equipment
Station
Functional
Barangay Health Functional Needs upgrading
Tala- Lack instruments/ equipment
Center
o
Barangay *
Functional
Health Center C.P. Garcia Construction of a new one
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Barangay * Functional
Ulab Construction of a new one
Health Center
Source: MHO – Gitagum
Legend: * - no health center constructed previously
4.1.11 Sports and Recreation
Tourism
The Municipality of Gitagum is a 5th class municipality in the province of

Misamis Oriental. It is situated along with the coastal areas and is blessed with
beautiful beaches and mangroves surrounded by clear and clean water. A number
of beach resorts have been established, namely Hannah Beach, Ocean View
Resort, Lagoon Beach Resort, and more.
Marine conservation and environment protection is one of the advocacies

embraced by the officials of the municipality and has therefore established marine
protected areas such as mangrove sanctuaries which are located in Barangays
Pangayawan and Burnay. These sanctuaries can be visited by tourists who love to
bask in nature's beauty. Some areas have good coral cover and have the potential
to be developed into underwater diving spots.
Gitagum is known for the abundance of its Sineguelas or Spanish plum found
in the upper barangays of the Municipality. It has a distinct taste and is found
dominantly in Gitagum, making it a good source for the production of local
merchandise such as candies, wines, and other products.
Gitagum has developed a distinct culture and tradition worthy of cultural

enhancement and national consciousness development. Gitagumnons have
developed a fervent religious faith. Every third Sunday of the year, the people
of Barangay Poblacion, Gitagum, celebrate the annual Feast Day of their Patron
Saint Seňor Santo Niňo. This festival parade attracts massive numbers of devout
Roman Catholics and tourists from all over Misamis Oriental.
The uplands of Gitagum also offer the scenic Mt. Anggas range, ideal for
trekking and camping. Furthermore, Gitagum is less than an hour away from the
highly urbanized city of Cagayan de Oro. Likewise, it is only ten (10) kilometers
away from the Municipality of Laguindingan, which hosts Laguindingan airport.
The upcoming Ayala Aeropolis development includes a techno hub, and the port
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locates Gitagum in
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a strategic location for development. This strategic location gives it a strategic

advantage in accessibility and proximity to developed urban areas. With
Laguindingan Airport and the upcoming Laguindingan Seaport a few minutes away
from Gitagum, this puts the latter in a wonderful position that will attract local
and international tourists and investors, which will boost the local autonomy and
tourism activity.
Over the years, the LGU has been inspired to include tourism as one of the
town’s economic program pillars. Overall, the need for a comprehensive
tourism development and management master plan becomes imperative to
sustain the municipality's eco-tourism sites and socio-cultural heritage amid the
challenges brought about by the fast-evolving landscape and climate change
impacts on its natural assets. The said plan will push for the diversification of
Gitagum’s potential tourism destinations, attractions, and products to expand the
resource base and the market.
4.1.12 Educational
Facilities
Education
For the SY 2012-2013, the student population of pre-school, elementary, and
high school generated an average enrollment participation rate of 54.35%, 95.28%,
and 71.37%, respectively. Barangay Matangad got the highest enrollment rate at
the pre-school level, while barangay Pangayawan got the highest at the elementary
level. The table below shows the enrollment participation rate by level of education
for the entire municipality.
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Table 21. Enrollment participation rate by education level within the municipality
SY 2011-2012
Level of
School Going-
Education Enrollment EPR
Age
Pre-School 653 355 54.35
Elementary 3348 3190 95.28
Secondary 1433 1023 71.37
Source: DepEd-Gitagum district
The table below shows the SY 2011-2012 data where the ratio between
students and teachers for the public elementary and secondary levels were 1:42 and
1:35, respectively. Likewise, the classroom pupil ratio in the same period was 1:44
and 1:59, respectively, for secondary. This implies that the Teacher-Pupil ratio in
Gitagum District has met the DepEd Standard while the Classroom-Pupil Ratio has
failed to meet the standard.
Table 22. Comparative number of classrooms in pre-school, elementary, and secondary levels for SY
2011-2012.
Private Public
Level of Class-
Teacher No. of Teacher No. of Classroom
Education No. of room No. of
Pupil class Pupil class pupil
Teachers pupil Teachers
Ratio rooms Ratio rooms ratio
ratio
Pre-school 2 1:35 2 1:35 9 1:26 9 1:26
Elementary 6 1:25 6 1:25 72 1:42 70 1:44
Secondary 24 1:20 12 1:41 15 1:35 9 1:59
Source: DepEd-Gitagum district, 2011
Anent to the availability, location, and condition of educational facilities, a

total of 98 classrooms was reported in 2010. The report showed that at least
84.69% or 83 classrooms are in good condition while the remaining 15.3% (15
classrooms) are dilapidated. On the other hand, about 18% are located in areas
moderately susceptible to rain-induced landslides (3 classrooms in Kilangit, nine (9)
classrooms in Cogon, six
(6) classrooms in G. Pelaez), and 6% are located in areas prone to flooding (6
classrooms in Pangayawan Elem School). Table 10 describes the availability and
condition of educational facilities in Gitagum
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Table 23. Location and status of school facilities within the municipality of
Gitagum, Misamis Oriental.
Name of Location Good Dilapid Admin Library Med/ Guidanc Compute Home School/
School Conditio - ated Office Dental e Room r Room Economic shop
n Clinic s
Gitagum Brgy. 12 5 ● ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ● ◊
Central Poblacion
School Cogon Brgy. 7 2 ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ● ◊
Elementary Cogon
School
Tala-o Brgy. 4 3 ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊
Elementary Tala- o
School
Burnay Brgy. 8 ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊
Elementary Burnay
School
Pangayawan Brgy. 6 ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊
Elem. Pangayawa
School n
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C.P. Garcia Brgy. C.P. 7 ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊

Elementar Garcia
y School
Ulab Elem. Brgy. Ulab 2 3 ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ● ◊
School
G. Pelaez Brgy. 6 ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊
Elementar G.
y School Pelaez
Kilangit Brgy. 3 ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊
Elementary Kilangit
School
Matangad Brgy. 13 2 ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊
Elementary Matangad
School
Quezon Brgy. 6 ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊
Elementary Quezon
School
Matangad Brgy. 9 ● ● ◊ ● ● ◊ ◊
High Matangad
Source: DepED – Gitagum District, 2011
Legend: ● – Present, ◊ - Absent
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4.1.13 Infrastructure Services
Gitagum has a road network of 67.9385 kilometers, of which 67.07% is

categorized as barangay roads. The remaining is classified as provincial road
(21.34%), national road (9.13%), and municipal road (2.83%). More than half of
these roads are unpaved (earth-filled and graveled). 6.2 km are classified as a
national roads, 14.5 kms. are provincial road, 1,945 kms. are municipal roads and
45,.5635 kms are barangay road, respectively. Generally, the road widths of existing
roads are within the prescribed width of 30 meters for national roads, 10 meters for
municipal roads, and 6-10 meters for barangay roads. On the other hand, the road
width of the provincial roads varies from 8-10 meters, which is not in accordance
with the road standard.
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Figure 8 . Infrastructure Map, LGU Gitagum
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The national highway passing through the four (4) coastal barangays also
Table 24. Summary of road data within the municipality of Gitagum,
Misamis Oriental
Road Name Lengt ROAD SURFACE
and h
administrative (m)
Paved Unpaved
Classification
Concrete Asphalt Gravel Earth fill
Length % Length % Len % Length %
gth
National 6.2 6.2 23.44 - - - - - -
Provincial 14.50 7.74 2926 - - - - 6.76 32.
97
Municipal 1.945 1.895 7.17 - - - - 0.05 0.2
4
Barangay 45.5635 10.6125 40.13 - - 21.2 100 13.696 66.
55 79
Total 67.9385 26.4475 100 - - 21.2 100 20.506 100
55
Source: MEO-Gitagum, Misamis Oriental
serves as the main thoroughfare. Buses that ply the Iligan City, Pagadian, Ozamis
City, Cagayan de Oro City, Dipolog, and Zamboanga routes, as well as jeepneys and
vans, pass through the main highway contributing to its moderate traffic. Residents
in the inner streets are served by three-wheeled motorcycles and improvised
bicycles. The main terminal for the three-wheeled motorcycle and the improvised
bicycles is in front of the public market.
The barangays along the coast are traversed by the national highway, while
the interior barangays are accessible by provincial and barangay roads, which serve
as Farm – to – market roads. With the existence and proper maintenance and
improvement of these roads, transporting farm products to the market is enhanced.
At present, there are two (2) bridges connecting the national highway and one
(1) on the provincial road located in Barangay G. Pelaez. To date, the current
conditions of bridges are functional.
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Table 25. Established bridges within the municipality of Gitagum, Misamis
Oriental.
Bridge Location Type Qty Lengt Capacity Year Current
Name h Buil Conditio
Gitagum Poblacion RCDG 1 25 20 1976 Functional
Pangayawan Pangayawa RCDG 1 25 20 1976 Functional
n
G. Pelaez G. Pelaez RDDG 1 40 15 1976 Functional
The need to upgrade and maintain existing road networks of the barangay
farm to market roads is palpable. It is highly recommended that the Local
Government Unit act toward this urgent concern. This will reduce travel time
and provide ease of transport of farm inputs and transportation of farm produce.
FMRs that are gravel roads need to be upgraded to concrete because they are
susceptible to erosion during the rainy season. The opening of new roads to serve
some of the potential productive areas would encourage increased production.
4.1.14 Peace, Order, and Security Sector
Gitagum is one of the peaceful towns in the province of Misamis Oriental

conducive to live in, and do business and one of the centers of development along
the Cagayan-Iligan Corridor. Investors will be attracted to invest and put up high-
rise buildings, subdivisions may be built, different establishments may be
established, and more jobs will be offered. An influx of job seekers will happen, and
residence may be established once employed.
On the other hand, the crime incidence may rise due to the accumulation of
population, inflation of prime commodities, and the recurrence of recent calamities
that devastated the different areas of our country. Many people are trying to recover
and make some ways in order to regain their composure to exist and survive. The
lucrative persons may engage in lawlessness to acquire instant money targeting
those unwary investors and business sectors.
The Crime Prevention Program focuses on preserving public safety and

enhancing neighborhood liability to meet the needs of each neighborhood or
business area. To ensure the prevention and control of crime as well as
safeguarding the lives, properties, and natural resources will be achieved through;
1. The employment of proactive measures to those accident and crime-

prone areas with the maximum utilization of force multipliers;
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2. Protection of natural resources not only to prevent flash floods but also to
preserve biodiversity, threatened habitats, and sanctuaries of endangered
and rare species, allow natural regeneration of residual forest and
development of planted forest, to stop the denudation and minimize the
obliteration of the municipal natural forest; and
3. Prevention and mitigation during the occurrence of calamity are the primary
concern of the LGU and the Law Enforcement Agencies with the
collaboration of the environs.
Gitagum Police Station has a personnel strength of 20 personnel, wherein 19

are effective, and one is ineffective, with a total Police Ratio of 1:994. The ideal
police ratio to the population is 1:500; thus, the ideal personnel strength of
Gitagum Municipal Police Station is 39.
Table 26. Ratio proportion of the total population and the total number of PCO and PNCO.
Total Strength Total Current Ideal Ideal
Population Police to Police Personnel
population Population Strength
Effective Ineffective Ration Ration
PCO PNCO PCO
PNCO
1 18 0 1
16,098 1:804 1:500 32
20
Source: CDP-Gitagum, Misamis Oriental
4.1.15 Power Source
The households of Gitagum are served by MORESCO I, which has the

franchise to operate within the western part of Misamis Oriental. All barangays in
Gitagum have already been provided with electricity. However, some sitios have not
been energized due to right of way issues. Some 25% of the total households don’t
have electricity. This limits the economic opportunities, thereby resulting in the
inadequacy of generating additional income. Hence, electrification of all sitios in the
town shall be undertaken
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Table 27. Number of electric power consumers by type and average consumption within the municipality
LOCATION Residential Small Large Pob Bldg Street Lights Water System TOTAL
Commercial Commercial Facilities
HHs KWH HHs KWH H KWH HH KWH HH KWH HH KWH HHs KWH
Hs s s s
Poblacion 1 538 31,532.66 42 8,060.1 1 2,842.0 25 6.744.8 41 2,418.5 6 11,651.4 653 63,279.
0 60
Poblacino 2 238 14,296.73 10 1,517.30 3 8,066.3 6 551.00 1 61.20 2 2,037.00 260 26,529.
63
Pangayawan 177 8,315.60 2 350.30 - - 7 427.50 1 61.20 2 1,953.50 189 11,108.
10
Matangad 483 22,684.21 28 4,029.4 - - 13 2,084.9 2 244.60 3 6,419.10 529 35,462.
23
Burnay
C.P. Garcia 94 2,946.20 - - 1 2,253.6 3 103.00 1 61.20 1 1,038.00 101 7,035.0
8
Ulab 165 6,113.60 - - - - 4 71.60 1 61.20 2 2,786.00 172 9,032.4
0
G. Pelaez 90 1,612.60 - - - - 5 590.00 1 61.20 - - 96 2,263.8
0
Quezon 175 6,915.90 - - - - 3 74.90 1 61.20 4 2,585.20 183 9,637.2
0
Kilangit 153 3,926.50 2 439.80 - - 2 4.50 1 61.20 6 1,918.70 164 6,350.7
0
Cogon 250 8,667.16 - - - - 5 266.80 1 61.20 2 3,652.00 258 12,647.
16
Tala-o 174 6,014.40 2 486.00 - - 5 133.10 3 185.40 2 2,200.00 186 9,018.9
0
Sikiton G.Pelaez 70 1,255.60 - - - - - - - - - - 70 1,255.6
0
TOTAL 2,60 114,281.1 87 15,516.0 5 13,162.0 11,082.12 54 3,338.1 30 36,240.9 2,861 193,62
7 0.4
Source: MORESCO-I
4.16 Water Resources
Water supply is a minor problem experienced by the town populace though it

is endowed with substantial water sources. Some 2,989 households (81%) have
access to Level II and III water systems leaving the 19% of the household
inaccessible with potable water supply either Level II or Level III water systems.
This leaves them vulnerable to water-borne diseases. There is a need to identify and
develop a potential source of potable water to cater to the needs of the whole
municipality.
Only 26 submersible pumps and 26 functional reservoirs are available for the
11 barangays, one spring water source located at Barangay G. Pelaez.
A number of these water pumps are located in the coastal barangays, which
are prone to get damaged and contaminated during coastal flooding due to various
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waste materials and substances. Of the five coastal barangays which are flood-
prone,
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there are 113 households in level I, 399 households in level II, and 1,526 level III,
which totals to 2,038 households representing 56.96% of the total households of
Gitagum, implying a moderate risk status.
In ten (10) years, it is anticipated with no interventions, the present water

system of the Municipality will be polluted and dangerous to human health because
of the possible destruction of water pipe connections, reservoirs, pumps, and
accessories; damage to submersible pumps and intake boxes; diversion of water
flow; saltwater intrusion; and possible damage/collapse of reservoirs resulting to
outbreaks of water-borne diseases.
Table 28. Water sources and its location within the municipality of Gitagum, Misamis
Oriental.
BARANGAY Water Source Capacity and Kind Households Served
and Location of Pump Level II Level III
of No. % No. %
Poblacion Pump
Deepwell, Purok 2 hp/3 hp/ 5 hp 31 3.53 541 22.79
1,7,9
Burnay Deepwell, 2 hp/ 1/12 hp 51 5.80 239 10.07
Purok 3,6 Submersible
Pangayawan Deepwell, Purok 3 hp Submersible 35 3.98 176 7.41
5
Matangad Deepwell, Purok 1 ½ hp/2 165 18.77 374 15.75
3,5 hp/3hp
Quezon Deepwell, Purok 2-2 hp Submersible 117 13.31 196 8.26
3,1
C.P. Garcia Deepwell, Sitio 2-1 ½ hp 41 4.66 123 5.18
Pig-olotan & Submersible
Brgy. Proper
G. Pelaez Spring, Purok 6 - 138 15.70 - -
Cogon Deepwell, Purok 1 ½ hp/2hp 47 5.35
1,3,8 Submersible
Tala-o Deepwell, Purok 1 hp/2 hp 69 7.86 194 8.17
P5, P2-B, P2-A Submersible
Kilangit Deepwell, Purok 3-1 ½ hp & 2 hp 53 6.02 109 4.59
5,1,7 Submersible
Ulab Deepwell, Purok 3-1 ½ hp 132 15.02 158 6.66
2,7,1 Submersible
Total 879 100 2,110 88.88
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4.17 Communication
The municipality is served by the following communication facilities: three

(3) mobile telephone companies (Smart Communications, Globe Telecom, Sun
Cellular; one telephony company (PLDT); PLDT, PARASAT, and other three mobile
companies provide internet services. All of these companies contribute to the
economic growth of the municipality.
Table 29. Number of landline telephone subscribers per barangay within

the municipality of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental.
Barangay No. of Land Line Telephone Subscribers
Poblacion 29
Burnay 7
Pangayawan 0
Matangad 0
Quezon 0
C.P. Garcia 0
G. Pelaez 0
Cogon 0
Tala-o 0
Kilangit 0
Ulab 0
Total 36
Source: MPDO-Gitagum, Misamis Oriental
The average volume of mailed letters received and delivered daily is 16,819
and 12,352, respectively. Two (2) letter carriers working in the local postal stations
handled these mails and messages. Based on the projected population, the number
of mails and messages showed no significant difference in terms of volume due to
the present telecommunication technology.
A good telecommunication system is vital to the municipality’s economic

growth and development. A more comprehensive and efficient flow of
information and communication is an integral part of improving the economic
condition of the people. The inadequacy of telecommunication hampers the growth
of the local economy. To improve the communication services, the municipality
needs the participation of the private sector. Hence, the promotion of private
participation is encouraged.
Providing an adequate infrastructure with due consideration of the principles

of sustainable development is the municipality's infrastructure development
general direction. With the integration of green technologies, the infrastructure
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development
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of Gitagum will undoubtedly result in the community’s improved mobility and

access to goods and services, reduction of risk and disasters; reduction of the
impact of climate change; and optimized limited resources of the LGU.
4.1.18
Geohazard
The Municipality of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental, is subject to the different

geohazards such as hydro-meteorological hazards (soil erosion, rain-induced
landslide, and flood), geologic hazards (earthquake), and climatic related hazards
(drought and extreme precipitation). Based on the results of the MGB, the
municipality can be considered more prone to landslide susceptibility than flood
susceptibility. This is attributed to the municipality’s area, which is flat to gentle
terrain. Susceptibility to rain-induced landslides is also experienced in the area.
On the other hand, based on Figure 9, about 1,179.07 hectares are

considered highly susceptible to landslides covering the barangay of G. Pelaez
and part of barangay Cogon and Quezon areas and 543.25 hectares within the
Forest land. The rest barangay was susceptible to moderate landslides, covering
an area of 798.34 hectares and 63.39 hectares in the forest land, and about an area
of 1,849.76 hectares was covered by low susceptible to landslides. Flood-prone
areas are along the flood plains of the area. Although flood-prone areas are
only confined to creeks and riversides, flooding will potentially affect the crops and
livestock located in these areas.
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Figure 9. Geohazard Map, LGU Gitagum
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4.2 Conditions of Forest and Forest Land Assets
Land is a finite resource, while the human population utilizing and managing
this resource is continually increasing. This scenario triggers human intervention in
the forests that result in its subsequent destruction.
Land Resources
The LGU of Gitagum, Misamis Oriental, is predominantly Alienable and

Disposable Land, covering an area of 3,392.92 hectares or 85% of the total land
area. On the other hand, forest land has an area of 617.49 hectares representing
15% of the total land area located in Barangay G. Pelaez.
It’s unfortunate that there is an absence of forestry programs in Barangay

G. Pelaez where timberland of Gitagum is located. Forestry programs such as
tree planting, mangrove planting and establishment of tree nursery intiated by the
LGU and stakeholders are concentrated in alienable and disposable lots (Barangay
Matangad, Pangayawan, and Quezon) . This are due to several limitations imposed
on a 5th class municipality, specially financial, technical knowhow and lack of
manpower. This plan will provide a roadmap for proper management of forest and
forestland in Gitagum. G Pelaez, in particular plays a very important role in the
Gitagum watershed.
Table 30. Land Classification Distribution

Class Area (has.) %
Alienable and Disposable 3,392.92 85
Forestland 617.49 15
Total 4,010.41 100
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Figure 10. Land Classification Map, LGU Gitagum
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Prioritization of Sub-watersheds
The prioritization of the sub-watershed is reflected in the table below.

Identification and ranking of sub-watershed are significant to determine their status,
which can be used for management and development. As shown in Table 31, the
Gitagum Sub-watershed, which covers an area of 838.91 hectares or about 20.92%,
ranked number one (1) on the sub-watershed prioritization, followed by the
Pangayawan Sub-watershed, about an area of 1,747.95 hectares and Anibungan
Sub- watershed with the total area of 632.69 hectares while Taglaklak Sub-
watershed which covers an area of 790.86 hectares is the least sub-watershed
prioritized based on the seven (7) criteria. These sub-watersheds are utilized
mainly for hydrological values (domestic and agricultural use), aesthetic, and
biodiversity purposes. The Pangayawan Sub-watershed has the highest cover for
aesthetic value with 20 weights against the perfect weight of 20, while the
Taglaklak Sub-watershed is the least prioritized Sub- watershed in terms of
aesthetic value. Other benefits and services such as ecotourism and other intangible
benefits are obtained by the residents.
Table 31. Prioritization of Sub-watershed

NAME OF SUBWATERSHED
CRITERION WTS
Gitagum Pangayawan Anibungan Taglaklak
1. Biodiversity Value 10 4 3 2 1
10 7.5 5 2.5
2. Hydrological Value 20 4 2 3 2
20 10 15 5
3. Economic Value 12 3 4 2 1
9 12 6 3
4. Protection of 13 4 3 1 2
Infrastructur 13 9.75 3.25 6.5
e
5. Protection of Lives and 15 4 3 2 1
Properties 15 11.25 7.5 3.75
6. Aesthetic Value 20 3 4 2 1
15 20 10 5
7. Potential Threats 10 4 3 2 1
10 7.5 5 2.5
TOTAL 100 92 78 51.75 28.25
RANK 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
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Tenured Areas in Forest Lands
Based on the record from the DENR-CENRO Initao, there are no existing
tenurial instruments issued in LGU Gitagum. As for the CADT status in the
municipality, there are no ancestral domain titles in the municipality. Cadastral lots
have been issued in parts of G Pelaez, this have not been included in the FLUP.
Open Access in Forest Land
The open-access is essential for the stakeholders and forest managers for
possible allocation either to extend/expand the existing project allocated in the
areas, CBFM areas or Co-Management, Forest Land Agreement on Tourism
(FLagT) and Special Land Use Permit (SLUP). It is also noted that the generated
land area of open access is subject to actual ground validation and survey.
The forest land with no issued tenurial instruments/arrangements and those

that have not been allocated for certain uses are considered open access. Most
likely, these areas are susceptible to degradation, abuse, and misuse. That is why
this Forest and Forest Land Use Plan is a great tool to appropriately manage these
open accesses with a significant linkage between stakeholders and the government
agencies. Out of the 617.49 hectares of the total forest land, 169.5 hectares
have been issued a cadastral survey and 82.46 hectares is covered with CLOA.
Relative to this, the GIS- generated maps indicate 365.53 hectares as open access.
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Figure 11. Open Access Map, LGU Gitagum
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Nature-based Tourism Assets
Tourism is a social, cultural, and economic phenomenon that entails the

movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for
personal or business/professional purposes. Thus, the LGU of Gitagum is gifted with
natural scenery that pulls local/ foreign tourists to indulge and experience the
untouched nature. One of the most prominent tourist attractions in the municipality
is endowed with its legendary landmark- the Mt. Anggas. However, no proper
delineation of site except for the trekking ordinance, which only contains fees for
guides and porters based on the enacted Municipal Resolution No. 16-2019,
“Enacting Municipal Ordinance No. 01-2019- Mt. Anggas Range Trekking Ordinance
of the municipality.
Another potential natural tourist attraction is Abaga falls in Barangay G.

Pelaez. It features multi tiers and small cool basins. It is located a few minutes from
the foot of Mt. Anngas.
Moreover, other nature-based tourism sites include the beach areas along
the seashore and the mangrove areas in barangay Pangayawan.
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Figure 12. Tourism Map, LGU Gitagum
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FOREST LAND USE PLAN
MUNICIPALITY OF GITAGUM
PROVINCE OF MISAMIS ORIENTAL
2023-2027
Land Cover/Vegetative Cover
Figure 13 shows the status of forest cover for 2010, wherein 66% or 2,649.79
hectares are Annual crops, which are agricultural crops like tobacco and corn,
followed by the Perennial crop with 834.41 hectares and grassland area with 408.87
hectares.
On the other hand, there were changes when comparing the vegetative/land
cover map of 2010 and 2015, as shown in table 32. There was a significant decrease
(30%) of annual crops from 66% to 36% of cover. On the other hand, a significant
26% increase was noted in perennial crops from 21% to 47% land cover. This is
due to the high demand for commercial crops reflecting a shift to tobacco and corn.
A 3% increase in built-up areas has been noted, from 1% to 4%, proportional to the
growth of the population and increased economic activity. A 1% increase was
evident for shrubs and coastal areas in the municipality. No changes significant
changes for inland water and mangroves, respectively.
Table 32. Showing Landcover 2010 VS Landcover 2015

2010 2015 Change
LAND COVER AREA (HA) AREA% AREA (HA) AREA%
Inland water 9.75 0% 0.05 0% 0%

Built-up area 36.12 1% 150.90 4% 3%
Annual crop 2,649.79 66% 1,453.97 36% -30 %
Perennial crop 834.41 21% 1,881.89 47% 26 %
Grassland 10% 9% -1%
408.87 369.44
Shrubs 58.87 1% 87.16 2% 1%
Mangrove 0.04 0% 8.10 0.20 % 0%
Coastal area 12.56 0% 58.90 1% 1%
TOTAL 4,010.41 100 4,010.41 100

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Figure 13. Land Cover 2010 Map,LGU Gitagum
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Figure 14. Land Cover 2015, LGU Gitagum
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4.3 Key Stakeholders
Stakeholders are people living in the Forest and Forest Lands either by groups
or individual which have mandates and interests to gain economic activity over
forest land and can potentially influence how the forest lands and watersheds
will be effectively managed. Therefore, they should be considered in any
development plans and proposals of the LGU and DENR. In general, people are
dependent on water for existence and sustenance. In other words, they are people
residing and cultivating within the forest land for economic purposes as their
interest. For the aquatic resources, the Fisher folks as stakeholders greatly
benefit from the watershed considering fish catching as the source of livelihood.
However, the water quality and water level of the water bodies affect the aquatic
organisms and give low catch. The lowland community residents engage in
livelihood and increase the source of income from the forest services and are
highly anticipated to participate in sustaining, protecting, and conserving the
watershed. The local government extends technologies, programs, and projects to
other stakeholders to protect the watershed from degradation.
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STAKEHOLDER USE AND MANAGEMENT ACTION TABLE
Table 33. STAKEHOLDER USE AND MANAGEMENT ACTION TABLE

Stakeholder Interest in Issues/ Problems/ Management
name the forests Constraints actions/
Water users -Water -Water scarcity Recommendations
-Awareness of stakeholders
availability -Poor water quality towards water conservation
and water develop water sources
quality improve water catchment
Upland Land Deforestation, soil -Strict forest/ forest land laws -
farmers erosion Restore and rehabilitate the FFL
-Sustainable farming
Fisher folks Aquatic -Low catch -To manage the fishery and
resources -Water turbidity and aquatic resources
pollution
Lowland Land -Risk of - Strong adherence to
community environmental environmental ordinances
residents hazards and policies
Private Raw Continuous cutting -Improvement and enrichment of
enterprises/ materials for of trees planting the second-growth
Forest-based Furniture plantation
Industries Industries
and Housing
Sector
People’s Engaged in -Problem of land tenure -Settle land conflict in affected
Organization livelihood -Presence of conflict barangays
to Increase of land ownership - Access capital to government
food - Limited capital agencies & other financing
production for financing institutions
and
income of
members
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LGU/MAO Increased - Low production due to -Implementation of Sloping

food soil degradation Agricultural Land Technology
production caused by improper (SALT) and intercropping -
without farming practices of Implementation of sustainable
degrading farmers in rolling/hilly integrated farming practices
the forest areas - Limited for crops, livestock & poultry
and forest resources of some supported by SB ordinances
land farmers such as land, -Implementation of
organic farming
labor, and capital
technologies
4.4 Institutional Assessment
The DENR has the mandate to manage forests and forest lands and can
provide technical assistance, technology transfer through training, and linkage
with key agencies and potential funding institutions to fund the identified
programs and projects. Though the LGU has yet to create the Municipal
Environment and Natural Resources Office and the creation of the position and
appointment of MENR officer but the LGU still ensures the sustainable
implementation of FLUP and the mandated environment-related
Programs/Projects/Activities. The table below shows the different institutions and
their respected mandates/ interest, manpower, budget, skills, projects and policies,
and plans in the forests and forest lands.
Institutional Assessment Matrix
Table 34. Institutional Assessment Matrix

Institutions/ Mandates FFM
Past/Curren
Stakeholders / Units/ Funds/Annua Policies/Plans
FFM Skills t FFM Remarks
Interests Staff/manpower l Budget on FFM
Projects
DENR EO 192 CENRO GIS, Nursery NGP, Issuance of With proper

DENR has (Forestry unit) establishments PAMANA, tenurial coordinatio
jurisdictio , ISF, instrument n with
n over community CBFM, Provincial
FL organizing Assisting in and
FLUP, FLUP Municipal
community Governmen
formulation
mapping, t Unit
PLGU RA PENRO responsible Community FLUP Provincial Close
7160 for organizing capacity, Environment collaboratio
forestry n with
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concerns Seedling Code MLGU,
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(1 focal person) inputs; PO DENR and

trainings POs
MLGU RA MPDO, MAO, SB General GIS, Agro- Tree Create

7160; Public community forestry planting and FLUP
JMC 98- Services mapping projects growing implemen
01 and (Support to tation
2003-01 Clean and committe
Green e,
Program) designatio
n of
MENRO
WATER USER Manages Technical Community Tree planting PD 198, RA Mainly
the Organizing activities 1067 concerned
water is for
system water
BLGU RA Barangay Captain Has Nursery tree -Tree planting -distribution
7160; budget establishments planting before Environmen
JMC 98- under activities issuance of tal
01 and 20% BDF Barangay Committee
2003-01 Environmenta Certification -
l (marriage Coordinatio
Development requirements) n
- Tree planting
with
activities
(once a year) LGU and
DENR
-Creation
of Bantay
Gubat and
dagat
4.5 Summary of key issues, conflict, problems, needs, investment

/socio-economic opportunities
The current situation of the LGUs forest and forestland assets is to determine
key issues, conflicts, problems, and needs for possible investment opportunities. The
analysis was undertaken through collected data, overlaying of maps, interviews with
key informants, and focus group discussions with members of the Technical Working
Group. This is the output during the conduct of the situational analysis workshop.
Based on the situational analysis, the following are the key issues, conflicts,
problems, and needs for interventions directly affecting the Forest and Forest Land
status.
● Non-creation of Municipal ENRO- the Local Government Unit has not

yet created a position of MENRO. A MENRO have been designated
by is swamp with other task as the Municipal Agriculturist and the
Cooperative
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Development Officer. The LGU has already drafted an ordinance

creating the creation of the position of MENRO.
● Expanding agricultural areas and settlements in forest lands and illegal

encroachments in forest lands are searing as far as the FFL is
concerned. Among the underlying factors affecting the conversion
of forests to agriculture include population growth, agricultural
development, lack of land tenure security, and governance of land-use
change.
● For most farmers, expanding agricultural areas in forest lands is the

cheaper and preferred way of increasing crop production to meet the
ever-increasing demand for food due to the increase in population.
Rampant conversion of forest lands to agricultural areas, population
pressure, and the lack of farmers’ knowledge on proper ecosystem
management.
● Antiquated farming practices not ideal for the terrain have also been
noted. Hence, the need to provide technical assistance and
information and education campaigns for the upland farmers.
● High landslide susceptibility in Barangay G. Pelaez
● Climate change leads to unpredictable dry and rainy season

causing water cycle disruption
● Degradation of water sources quality and quantity of water resources

degrade through time due to damage to watersheds.
● Grassfire-prone areas have been identified in Barangay G. Pelaez.

These grass fires historically occur during summer. This affects the
livelihood of the stakeholders and those involved in tourism. The
LGU and the stakeholders need to take measures to prevent the
recurrence of grass fires.
● Boundary conflict covering 329.59 hectares with adjacent

municipalities of Alubijid and a portion of Laguindingan, Misamis
Oriental.
● A total of 169.59 hectares within forestland have cadastral survey and

another 89.94 hectares was issued with CLOA.
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Figure 15. Conflict Map, LGU Gitagum
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Figure 16. Issues Map, LGU Gitagum
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4.6. Needs
To protect the Municipality from the adverse effect of climate change

due to environmental degradation, the Municipal Government must exercise
the political will to protect its environment by way of supporting the
implementation of herein FOREST LAND USE PLAN (FLUP); increasing
budgetary requirements for IEC activities on environment-related projects;
capacitate/motivate Civil Society Organization’s (CSOs), stakeholders and
populace. Strong support of the Legislative Committee on environmental
programs and projects; institutionalize the Watershed Management Council,
which is tasked to recommend environment policies and guidelines; create
Municipal Environment and Natural Resource Office and appoint Municipal
Environment and Natural Resource Officer (MENRO) who can implement all
environment and resource-related activities.
4.7 Investment/Socio-Economic Opportunities
LGU Gitagum is endowed with its legendary landmark- Mt. Anggas,

with latent tourism sites - with the amazing scenic view that is
potential for ecotourism destinations. Ecotourism will boost the tourism
industry of LGU Gitagum through diversifying employment opportunities,
increasing investment opportunities, and attracting grants (financial support)
from national agencies to any tourism-related developmental projects.
Private investors Investment in tourism services are an opportunity.

Nature-based tourism areas like the boardwalk in Barangay Pangayawan are
some of the eco-friendly tourism areas of the Municipality that could attract
local and foreign tourists to visit. Potential areas for plantations are also
considered potential areas for agroforestry plantations and are located
explicitly in production zones. Most of the 50% above slopes areas are
suitable for enrichment planting or assisted natural regeneration and rain
forestation projects. It is also encouraged to plant indigenous/native species
in the area.
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CHAPTER 5.0
VISION, MISION, GOALS, AND OBJECTIVES
Vision
A restored natural resource, sustainably managed by empowered local

communities in partnership with public and private sectors within CY 2023-
2027
Mission
Implement effective Forest Land Use management measures to sustain

the supply of ecosystem goods and services for the benefit of ENR –
dependent communities
Goals
1. To uplift the socio-economic conditions of low generating income for families

living in the forest lands.
2. To strengthen sustainable developmental plans, programs, and activities that
promote pro-people and pro-environment
3. To appropriately classify production and protection zone in forest land areas;
Objectives
1. To reforest the timberland by 20% and improve the quality of natural

resources by 2023-2027;
2. To prioritize the rehabilitation of Gitagum and Pangayawan watershed by the
year 2024;
3. To improve and implement forest and other environmental laws by 2023;
4. To attract and collaborate with investors for Agri-tourism and forest
production by providing incentives and engaging the stakeholders; and
5. To recommend alternatives allocation and management of forest land.
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CHAPTER 6.0
RECOMMENDED
STRATEGIES
As population pressure increases in the forestlands, resources likewise are

pressured for economic sustenance, and conversion of these areas is expected to
expand. The remaining vegetated regions will be threatened with continuous
destruction if no action is taken. In the same manner, climate change is now evident
in the area, and there is a need to mitigate its impact. The lowland areas of the
Municipality have been devastated by flooding during the occurrence of typhoons
(Pablo, Sendong, Ondoy) and heavy rains where the major rivers have experienced
siltation. The strategies in implementing this FLUP shall follow the concept of a
ridge- to-reef ecosystem approach where the watershed serves as the basic
framework. It should complement other plans such as the CLUP, Coastal
Resource Management Framework, Solid Waste Management Plan, etc., to
address the environmental protection needs and economic development. In this
context, the implementation of FLUP shall have the following strategies, to wit:
6.1 General Strategies
The recommendations and strategies provided below set the long-term

program of the LGU Gitagum to manage the forest and forest lands on a sustainable
basis. LGU Gitagum shall manage forestland and other natural resource assets
through strong collaboration and involvement with the local communities and
various stakeholders. The Upland Forest and Forestland shall be further
improved and developed to increase economic production, restore trees for the
overall improvement of the watershed (soil and water conservation), and
contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation. Protection, development,
and management of the forests will be done through the active participation of
the local communities and stakeholders.
a. Forest Management Zoning
The two (2) important zones in the forest management framework are
the production and the protection zones.
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The Production zones in the municipality have a total area of 489.16

hectares, where annual crops, built-up areas, fishpond, grasslands,
open/barren, perennial crops, shrubs, and other unclassified areas are
located. These areas can be used for forest management and investments for
the local government unit and the stakeholders.
The protection zones have a total area of 128.33 hectares; this will
include mangrove forests, those areas with steep slopes, natural forests,
critical habitats, riverbanks easement, and other vulnerable and nature-based
tourism areas. (see Figure 17.)
b. Allocation of open access forest

lands
Open access area in Gitagum is composed of 365.53 hectares, this will

be allocated to reforestation, agroforestry, and ecotourism development.
Specifically, a total of 224.67 hectares will be subject for reforestation within
the protection zone that is covered with grassland based on the Land Cover
Map 2015. Bamboo establishment covering 6.91 hectares is also proposed
along the riverbanks of Brgy.G. Pelaez. Both reforestation and bamboo
establishment are identified by the Gitagum Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan to mitigate the effects of climate change and to reduce the
risk of natural hazards.
A total of 133.95 hectares open access, which is mostly covered with
annual and perennial crops based on Land Cover 2015 will be subject for
agroforestry. This will be implemented through the LGU-recognized PO in the
area to improve their livelihood and socio-economic condition. Soil analysis
will be conducted to determine suitable species to be planted.
Formation, implementation, and development of agro-eco-cultural
tourism will also be implemented under this FLUP. Identified potential sites
are Abaga FAlls and MT. Anggas.
Moreover, mangrove rehabilitation is among the identified significant
projects under this FLUP. Although the mangrove area of Gitagum is located
in A&D land classification, this is included in the FLUP considering the ridge-
to- reef approach. Thus, the identified 11 hectare mangrove area in
barangays Burnay, Pangayawan and Matangad will be
rehabilitated/developed by the MLGU, BLGU, National Agencies and other
stakeholders.
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Figure 17. Forestland Zoning Map, LGU Gitagum
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Figure 18. Proposed Allocation Map, LGU Gitagum
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6.2 Specific Technical Strategies
A. Demarcation of protection and production of forest lands.
The area categorized for protection and production zones shall form part of
the municipal forest management and protection program. Areas allocated under
the protection zone are those with 50% and above the slope, 1000 masl elevation
that high susceptibility to hazards, the presence of indigenous species of trees,
water sources, and other areas prescribed by law. At the same time, the production
zones are areas open for human activities interacting harmoniously with the forest
resources therein. These include areas with a slope less than 50% and areas
located at an elevation lower than 1000 masl. The delineation of protection and
production zones is needed to establish the actual sites on the ground.
The protection areas identified have an area of 128.33 hectares. To somehow

achieve the balance in use, some productive uses or activities will be allowed in the
protection zone, where areas under occupation or being claimed by the upland
settlers and presently used the area for farming will be developed for planting fruit
trees so that even they cannot harvest the trees, but they can harvest high valued
fruit. The remaining area, which is 489.16 hectares, is allocated to production
forests like communal forests and other uses. The method of delineation was done
using map overlaying of the different thematic maps. To effectively carry out the
management of these forest zones, the following shall be undertaken:
· The Barangay and the Sanggunian Bayan will create an ordinance on how
to Delineate/demarcation of the border for protection and production area.
· Intensify Information Education Campaign (IEC) for stakeholders.
· Propose to use vegetative strips to demarcate forest management zones.
· Propose to collaborate with DENR Survey Mapping Division Land Evaluation
and Survey Party (SMD-LESP) for approved delineation.
· Validation of Open Access on existing allocation and tenured areas (CLOA,
Cadastral Survey)
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B. Issuance of local policies and management agreements/

contracts/permits
a) Pass a local ordinance prohibiting extraction of forest products;
b) Issuance of resolutions for the proposed co-management between LGUs,

and settlement of boundary disputes in accordance with Section 118 of RA
7160;
c) LGU will assist stakeholders in the application for any tenurial agreement
identified
d) Identifiication/Accreditation of PO’s and other stakeholders thru a resolution
e) Identification of water permits
C. Protection of existing natural forest
a) Strict implementation of national and local policies relevant to the protection

of natural forest
b) Deputation of qualified Barangay Forest Officers
c) Establishment of checkpoints to minimize illegal activities within the area
d) Conservation and development of water production areas and biodiversity

resources of priority sub-watersheds to enhance the aesthetic value and
preservation of its natural resources.
D. Rehabilitation and development of Forestland
To increase land productivity while conserving soil and water and increasing
forest cover, grasslands in the forest zone will be developed into agroforestry and
wood and fire/fuelwood production areas. Adopting a sustainable upland farming
system (agro-forestry) shall be the primary strategy for promoting on-farm
productivity and soil and water conservation. Encouraging barangays to actively
participate in strengthening their barangay tree park/s to build a strong partnership
with the different stakeholders (PLGU, MLGU, and BLGU) and with constant
collaboration and coordination through Memorandum of Agreement and/or
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Memorandum of Understanding. Establishing barangay tree park/s will address

climate change mitigation and serve as environmental protection.
Mangrove rehabilitation will be conducted in Barangays Pangayawan,

Matangad and Quezon in partnership with NGAs, LGU and other stakeholders..
A healthy mangrove will enhance food security, promote eco-tourism and
strengthen the disaster mitigation in Gitagum.
E. Conservation and development of water production areas

and biodiversity resources
Forest land development activity directly contributes to watershed

development. The stakeholders should make the specific implementation of rules
and regulations to ensure in management of conservation and development of
water production, such as:
a) Issuance and enforcement of the ordinance on riverbank protection and

Development
b) Propose maintenance, protection, and rehabilitation of water production

resources/areas
c) Conduct identification/inventory of water resources/areas
d) Conduct tree growing activities and strongly encouraged to plant indigenous/

endemic species
F. Nature-based tourism development
a) Preparation of Comprehensive Ecotourism Development Plan, particularly in

Mt. Anggas and Abaga Fall.
b) Tree growing of indigenous and premium species, particularly in ecotourism

destinations
c) Institute collection scheme (user’s fee) for environmental protection
d) Conduct climate change vulnerability assessment in ecotourism areas
e) Technical Assistance from the DENR in securing ecotourism permits and

other tenurial instruments.
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G. Water user identification
a) Conduct activity on water permit identification
b) Strict policy implementation for a water permit.
c) Pass a local policy/ordinance to inhibit operation for those who do not have a
water permit and impose appropriate penalty thereof.
d) Accept, verification of water permit application
6.3 Climate change adaptation strategies Climate change is one of the

most fundamental challenges ever to confront humanity
Global warming, or the increase of the earth’s atmospheric temperature, is

one of today's most pressing issues. Climate change can have extensive
consequences due to its detrimental effects on human society and ecosystems. For
vulnerability assessment and anticipating climate change, pursuant to RA 10121, the
Disaster Risk Reduction Management Act, the following recommendations will be
adopted by the LGU:
1) Develop Disaster Preparedness Program consistent with the Local

Disaster Risk Reduction Management Plan;
2) Identification/establishment/development of relocation sites and or

resettlement areas in case of natural disasters.
3) Adoption of climate changes resilient crops to increase crop production

and crop diversity.
4) Disaster management includes administrative decisions and

operational activities that involve prevention, mitigation
preparedness, early warning systems, response, recovery, and
rehabilitation.
6.4 Cross-cutting strategies unsustainable forest practices caused by

forest degradation
It complements forest renewal and ensures that the remaining forests will not
be destroyed. Following a community-based approach, the LGU shall enjoin all
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stakeholders with a recognition that forest degradation impacts each one and,
therefore, must contribute toward this end. It focuses on the following
responsibilities:
1. Strict enforcement of national and local policies related to illegal forest

resource extraction (e.g., timber and non-timber forest products),
unsustainable forest land conversion.
2. Enforce and implement zoning ordinance (including management

restrictions for each management zone).
3. Conduct Information Education Campaign on forest/environmental

policies, rules, and regulations.
4. Encourage capability enhancement to upland settlers
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CHAPTER 7.0
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND OPERATIONS

IN SUPPORT OF FLUP IMPLEMENTATION
The proposed organizational structure of the Municipal Environment and

Natural Resources Office is composed of the Municipal Environment and Natural
Resources Officer (MENRO), who shall take charge of the office on the environment
and natural resources and shall implement the following to wit: Forestry Section,
Solid Waste Management Section and Foreshore Management Section as shown
Figure 17 below.
Municipal Protection and Management

Council (MEPMPC)
Mayor, SB Chair on Environment, DENR-CENRO,

MENRO, MPDC, MA, Mun. Tribal Chieftain, CADT
Chairman, NCIP, ABC Pres., Academe, Religious
Sector, CBFMA-PO, CSOs & Private Sector
MUNICIPAL
ENVIRONMENT Admin Staff
AND
NATURAL
RESOURCES
Forestry Section Solid Waste Foreshore

Management Section
Management
Section
Figure 19. Proposed Organizational Structure of MENRO
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The MENRO shall:
1. Formulate measures for the consideration of the Sanggunian Bayan and

provide technical assistance and support to the Mayor, as the case may be,
in carrying out measures to ensure the delivery of basic services and
provision of adequate facilities relative to the environment and natural
resources as provided under Section 17 of RA 7160 or the Local Government
Code;
2. Develop plans and strategies and, upon approval thereof, by the mayor, as
the case may be, implement the same, particularly those which have to do
with the environment and natural resources programs and projects
which the mayor is empowered to implement and which the
Sanggunian Bayan is empowered to provide for under this Code;
In addition to the foregoing duties and functions, the environment and natural
resources officer shall:
1. Establish, maintain, protect and preserve communal forests, watersheds, tree

parks, greenbelts, and similar forest projects and commercial forests, like
industrial tree farms and agro-forestry projects;
2. Provide extension services to beneficiaries of forest development projects and

technical, financial, and infrastructure assistance;
3. Manage and maintain seed banks and produce seedlings for forest and tree
parks;
4. Provide extension services to beneficiaries of forest development projects and

render assistance for natural resources-related conservation and utilization
activities consistent with ecological balance;
5. Coordinate with government agencies and non-governmental organizations in

the implementation of measures to prevent and control land, air, and water
pollution with the assistance of the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources;
6. Be in the frontline of the delivery of services concerning the environment and

natural resources, particularly in the renewal and Forest Land Use Plan
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(FLUP);
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7. Recommend to the Sanggunian Bayan and advise the Mayor, as the case may
be, on all matters relative to the protection, maximum conservation
utilization, application of appropriate technology, and other issues related to
the environment and natural resources; and
8. Exercise such other powers and perform such other duties and functions as
may be prescribed by law or ordinance.
Municipal Environment and Natural Resource Officer Qualifications,

Powers, and Duties:
(a) No person shall be appointed environment and natural resources officer

unless he is a citizen of the Philippines, a resident of the local government unit
concerned, of good moral character, a holder of a college degree preferably in the
environment, forestry, agriculture or any related course from a recognized college or
university, and a first-grade civil service eligible or its equivalent. He/she must have
acquired experience in environmental and natural resources management,
conservation, and utilization, of at least five (5) years in the case of the provincial or
city environment and natural resources officer and three (3) years in the case of the
municipal environment and natural resources officer.
(b) The Environment and Natural Resources Management Officer shall take
charge of the office on the environment and natural resources and perform the
stipulated duties and responsibilities as stated above.
Duties and Responsibilities of Sections
A. Forestry Section
1. Implementation of community-based forestry projects, such as integrated

social forestry, the establishment of new regular reforestation projects,
except for those located in protected areas and critical watersheds,
completed family and community-based contract reforestation projects,
subject to policies and procedures prescribed by the DENR, in accordance
with DAO No. 71, Series of 1990 and other guidelines that the DENR may
adopt and Community Forestry Projects, subject to the concurrence of
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financing institutions, if foreign assisted,
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pursuant to Section 3.1 (a) of DAO 30, Series of 1992;
2. Establishment and maintenance of the municipal’s tree parks, greenbelts, and

other tourist attractions through beautification projects, except those in
protected areas and the collection of fees for their services and the use of
facilities established therein, pursuant to Section 3.2 (a) of DAO 30, Series of
1992;
3. Implement plans and programs for the protection and preservation of natural
resources, rehabilitation of beauty of natural spots, and maintaining the
ecological balance of the man and his surroundings;
4. Ensure optimization as well as promote conservation in the use and utilization

of all-natural resources found within the territorial limits of the municipal
through education and training of the citizens for the preservation and
protection of the natural beauty of the environment and the resources it
provides and perform other duties that may be assigned by law ordinance.
5. Maintain, or whenever applicable, restore the beauty of nature spots within

the territorial jurisdiction of the municipal through the conduct of regular
surveys and inventory of flora and fauna found within the boundaries of the
municipal and make the same available to the public.
6. Implement forest protection and law enforcement activities in coordination

with CENRO Initao, Misamis Oriental.
B. Solid Waste Management Section
1. Establish and manage a comprehensive solid and liquid waste management

information database and dissemination system;
2. In collaboration with technically responsible government and private agencies

relative to solid and liquid waste generation and management access
techniques as well as the management, technical and operational approaches
to resource recovery;
3. In collaboration with processors/recyclers, access the list of materials being

recycled or bought by them and their respective prices;
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4. In coordination with the National Government Agencies and other technically

responsible government and private agencies, access information on cleaner
production/cleaner technologies that promote efficient solid and liquid waste
management.
5. Promote the development of a recycling market through the establishment of

a recycling network that will enhance the opportunity for recycling;
6. Act as the hub for networking of other local government units and barangays
(especially within the province), non-government organizations, and industry
on the voluntary compliance of the pertinent provisions of the solid and liquid
waste management act and clean air act as well as this ordinance;
7. Provide, facilitate technical assistance in pilot modeling of solid and liquid

waste management facilities, including technologies and techniques for
effective solid waste management;
8. Develop, test, and disseminate model waste minimization, emission control,

and Reduction auditing procedures for evaluating options;
9. Recommend policies to eliminate barriers to waste reduction programs and

maintain service and operate the Ecological Center and all facilities within it
and those attached to its operation, such as the garbage collection, the
Materials Recovery Facility (MRF), the Residuals Processing Facility, the
Sanitary Landfill, the Receiving Area and Sorting Area and other facilities and
equipment within the Facility. This also includes the temporary storage
and processing of household hazardous wastes such as but not limited to
fluorescent bulbs, toy and appliance batteries, and paints until their final
purchase or disposal.
C. Foreshore Management Section
1. Assist in the preparation of the Municipal Integrated Fishery/Coastal

Development Plan and submit such plan to the concerned Municipal
Development Councils;
2. Recommend the enactment of Municipal Integrated Fishery/Coastal

Ordinances to the concerned Sangguniang Bayan through its Committee on
Agriculture and Cooperative;
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3. Assist in the enforcement of fishery laws, rules, and regulations in concerned

municipal waters;
4. Advice the concerned Sangguniang Bayan on fishery matters through its

Committee on Agriculture and Cooperative; and
5. Perform such other functions which may be assigned by the concerned LGU.
7.0.1 Forging partnership agreements or arrangements
In line with the FLUP implementation with the DENR and LGU as a partner in
the Forest and Forest Land Plan, the Memorandum of Agreement and other
agreements and contracts shall be executed for forestry programs and projects. In
addition, the Municipal Steering Committee of the Municipal Environmental Council
shall be formed to be composed of representatives from various
sectors/stakeholders and agencies. This body shall provide overall policy
recommendations, resolve forest management issues, help enforce forest
regulations, and discuss the possibility of issuing management agreements to
secure a tenurial instrument for forest land development.
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CHAPTER 8.0
ESTIMATED 5-YEAR FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS

FOR IMPROVING FLUP
The LGU Gitagum has targeted activities and corresponding financial allocation for these undertakings as reflected in the
Work and Financial Plan. The sources of funds are from the LGU-approved budget, the private sector, and the concerned national
agency such as the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) and the Department of Agriculture as
counterparts for the FLUP Plan.
Table 35. FOR FIRST (1) YEAR WORK PLAN

OBJECTIVES/ STRATEGIES/ TARGETS RESPONSIBLE YEAR 1 BUDGET FUND SOURCES
ACTIVITIES AGENCIES REQUIREMENT
Bio-physical Protection and Development
Reforestation
● Site preparation MLGU/DENR/
44.94 hectares per year at G.
● Seedling production maintenance and BLGU/ MLGU and DENR
Pelaez 651,630.00
protection of Indigenous trees Stakeholders
Bamboo plantation MLGU/DENR/

● Site Preparation 6.91 hectares at G. Pelaez BLGU/ 108,072.00 MLGU and DENR
● Bamboo Stakeholders
Clean up drive for Watershed Barangay G Pelaez MLGU /
BLGU/ DENR / 5,000.00 MLGU
Stakeholders
Soil Collection and Analysis Soil samples collected MLGU 15,000.00
MLGU
and analyzed at G.
Pelaez
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Ground validation of Open Access and existing allocation Fieldwork / Validation / Ocular MLGU / BLGU / 161,914.00 MLGU / DENR /
and tenured areas (CLOA and Cadastral Survey) Inspection / Key Informant DENR / DAR DAR
Interviews in Barangay G.
Establishment and Operations of checkpoints Two checkpoints Pelaez
in Barangay G. MLGU / 20,000.00 MLGU
Pelaez BLGU / DENR
Promote Awareness of the protection and Two barangay assemble provided MLGU / BLGU 4,000.00 MLGU
production forest (IEC) with IEC on FFL for all 11
barangays;
Number of Information and
Education Campaigns
Seed collection of indigenous species and Conducted of seedlings
Number of MLGU / BLGU 10,000.00 MLGU
seedlings production indigenous species produced
Mangrove Rehabilitation Number of propagules planted; 2 MLGU / BLGU 30,000.00 MLGU
Hectares per year at Quezon,
Pangayawan and Matangad
Regular water quality assessment / monitoring Conduct of water MLGU / BLGU 37,500.00 MLGU
quality assessment
Socio-Economic-Cultural Improvement for surface water
Implementation of Agro-Eco-Cultural Tourism Barangnay G Pelaez, Kilangit and MLGU/BLGU 20,000.00 MLGU
Ulab
Identification and development of Agro-ecotourism sites Number of seminars and LGU and DA 20,000.00 MLGU and DA
workshops, key informant
interviews, and site inspections
conducted for potential local
operators
Conduct activity on water permit identification Survey of current water user; MLGU and BLGU 20,000.00 MLGU and BLGU
Survey on the number of water
permit granted;
Institutional Development and Strengthening
Integration and/or mainstreaming of FLUP to the CLUP FLUP integrated into the CLUP and MLGU MLGU
10,000.00
and CDP CDP
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FOREST LAND USE
ORIENTAL
Strengthening of the MENRO

Creation of the MENRO One functional MENRO created MLGU 304,475.52 MLGU
Maintenance and other Operating Expenses for MENRO Number of trainings, meetings, MLGU
and workshops attended; Office 322,400.00
supplies procured
Capital Outlay for MENRO ICT equipment and furniture MLGU 65,000.00 MLGU
Conduct Semi-Annual monitoring Semestral Monitoring Report MLGU and BLGU MLGU
20,000.00
Creation and support of and for Bantay Barangay G. Pelaez MLGU and BLGU MLGU/BLGU and
50,000.00
Gubat/Fire Bridgade for Barangay G. Pelaez DENR
Deputization of Forest Guards (Bantay Gubat) Number of Forest Guards MLGU and BLGU MLGU/BLGU and
20,000.00
deputized by DENR DENR
Conduct of Climate Change vulnerability assessment Climate and Disaster Risk MLGU / BLGU / MLGU / BLGU /
in tourism areas Assessment (CDRA) conducted MGB / OCD / 25,000.00 DENR-MGB /
for Eco-Tourism areas DILG OCD
Information and Education Campaign 11 Barangays, IEC during the /MLGU / BLGU 10,000.00 /MLGU
DILG and BLGU
annual Barangay Assembly
Identification/ accreditation of 11 Brgys. MLGU/ BLGU/ - MLGU
● PO and other stakeholders in FFL Stakeholders
Strict implementation of environmental 11 Brgys. MLGU/DENR/ 20,000.00 MLGU/BLGU
ordinance (signage installation) BLGU/
Stakeholders
Conduct various International, national, and local Number of environmental events MLGU-MENRO 10,0000.00
environmental events (Environmental Month, Earth organized and conducted annually
Day, Arbor Day, etc.)
Enactment of the Gitagum Environmental Code One Environmental Code Enacted MLGU- SB 10,000.00 MLGU
by the SB
TOTAL FOR ONE (1) YEAR WORK PLAN PhP 1,969,991.52
Page 90 of 107
FOREST LAND USE
ORIENTAL
Table 36. FOR FIVE (5) YEAR WORK PLAN

BUDGET REQUIREMENTS FUND
STRATEGIES/ ACTIVITIES
SOURCE
2023 2024 2025 2026 2027
S
Bio-physical Protection and Development
Reforestation
● Site Preparation
MLGU/DENR
● Seedling production, maintenance 651,630.00
and protection of indigenous trees
● Maintenance 224,700.00 224,700.00 224,700.00 224,700.00 MLGU/DENR
Bamboo Plantation
● Site preparation
108,072.00 MLGU/DENR
● Bamboo planting
● Maintenance 34,550.00 34,550.00 34,550.00 34,550.00
Establishment and operation of Municipal
Nursery and distribution of forest tree
- 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 MLGU/DENR /DA
seedlings to individual farmers/lot owners in
upland and lowland communities (20,000)
Adoption of Sloping Agricultural 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00
- MLGU / DA
Forest Plantation
Adoption of Agro-Forest plantation - 15,000.00 15,000.00 15,000.00 15,000.00 MLGU and DA
Clean up drive to watershed 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00 MLGU
Soil collection and Analysis 15,000.00 15,000.00 15,000.00
- - MLGU
Ground validation of Open Access and existing

allocation and tenured areas (CLOA and
161,914.00 - - - - MLGU
Cadastral Survey)
Establishment and operation of

20,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 MLGU
checkpoints (one checkpoint)
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FOREST LAND USE
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Promote awareness on the protection and

4,000.00 4,000.00 4,000.00 4,000.00 4,000.00 MLGU
production forest (IEC)
Seed collection of indigenous species and
10,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00 MLGU
seedling production
Mangrove Rehabilitation (2 hect//year) MLGU / BLGU /
30,000.00 30,000.00 30,000.00 30,000.00 30,000.00
Stakeholders
Boundary planting on forest protection zone MLGU /
30,000.00
(3.97 km) BLGU / DENR
Regular water quality assessment / monitoring 37,500.00 37,500.00 37,500.00 37,500.00 37,500.00 MLGU / BLGU
SUB TOTAL PhP 1,005,616.00 505,750.00 490,750.00 475,750.00 490,750.00
Socio-Economic-Cultural Improvement
Formation and implementation of Agro-Eco-

20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 MLGU
Cultural-Tourism Development
Identification and Development of Agro Eco-
20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 MLGU / DA /DOT
Tourism Sites
Ecotourism Management (Formulation of MLGU and
Municipal Eco-Tourism Plan) - 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 Congressional
fund
Establishment and management of - 20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 MLGU, DENR
Barangay Tree and DA
Parks (at Barngay G. Pelaez)
Conduct activity on water permit identification 20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 MLGU and BLGU
SUB TOTAL PhP 60,000.00 160,000.00 180,000.00 160,000.00 180,000.00

Institutional Development and Strengthening
Integration and/or mainstreaming of FLUP to 10,000.00 - - - - MLGU

the CLUP and CDP
Page 2 of 107
FOREST LAND USE
ORIENTAL
Strengthening of the MENRO
● Creation of MENRO 304,475.52 304,475.52 304,475.52 304,475.52 304,475.52
● MOOE MENRO 322,400.00 322,400.00 322,400.00 322,400.00 322,400.00 MLGU

● Capital Outlay for MENRO 65,000.00 65,000.00 65,000.00 65,000.00 65,000.00
Conduct semi-annual monitoring 20,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 MLGU
Creation and Support of Bantay Gubat 50,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 MLGU
Deputation of Forest Guard (Bantay Gubat) MLGU

20,000.00 - 20,000.00 - 20,000.00
Capability Building for Bantay Gubat and MLGU/
50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00
Bantay Dagat BLGU/ DA /
Conduct climate change DENR
vulnerability assessment in tourism 25,000.00 25,000.00 25,000.00 25,000.00 25,000.00 MLGU/DENR
areas
IEC/Drive 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 MLGU
Capacity building of POs and CSOs
on agroforestry
- 25,000.00 25,000.00 25,000.00 25,000.00 MLGU and DA
production and
SALT/NVS
Strict implementation of
20,000.00 15,000.00 10,000.00 5,0000.00 5,0000.00 MLGU
environmental ordinances (installation
Packaging of project proposal and linkaging
and implementation of project proposal in - 25,000.00 25,000.00 25,000.00 25,000.00 MLGU
year 3 to year 5
Adoption and implementation of
Provincial Ordinance for slopes 18% and
- 25,000.00 25,000.00 25,000.00 25,000.00 MLGU and DA
above not suitable
for agricultural use
Page 3 of 107
FOREST LAND USE
ORIENTAL
with recommended soil erosion

control measures through Sloping
Agricultural
Land (SALT) and
Natural Vegetative
Strips
Conduct(NVS)
of various International, national,
and local environmental events 10,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 MLGU
(Environmental Month, Earth Day, Arbor day,
etc.)
Enactment and enforcement of the Gitagum
10,000.00 MLGU
Environmental Code
Monitoring and Evaluation of FLUP
20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 MLGU
SUB TOTAL PhP 866,875.52 956,875.52 971,875.52 946,875.52 916,875.52
GRAND TOTAL PhP 1,969,991.52 1,622,625.52 1,642,625.52 1,582,625.52 1,587,625.52
Page 4 of 107
FOREST LAND USE
ORIENTAL
CHAPTER 9.0
PERIODIC MONITORING AND
EVALUATION OF FLUP
IMPLEMENTATION
Monitoring and evaluating FLUP implementation is a substantial tool that will

lead to project completion under the established standards for the parties involved.
The municipality will organize a Project Monitoring and Evaluation Team, which will
take charge of the regular inspection/update of projects implemented. This is to
ensure those project activities undertaken are in accordance with the approved
guidelines.
9.1 Baselines and indicators of performance
The information provided by thematic maps shall serve as the indicators in

Forest and Forest Land Use Plan implementation. Performance indicators in
forestland development or restoration shall be based on the total number of
hectares planted or reforested against the total target in a year. The MENRO is the
responsible office for maintaining the baseline information and indicators by
producing a documentation or progress report of the target projects that were
implemented. Annual accomplishment reports shall be submitted to the DENR and
LGUs for scheduling of monitoring and evaluation, particularly in the area with
MOA in partnership/co-management with LGUs/other stakeholders. Moreover, the
annual work and financial plan as the basis for measuring the accomplishment of
the FLUP implementation.
9.2 Multi-sectoral and inter-agency periodic assessment, analysis, and

reporting in support of the FLUP
There will be once a year of assessment and evaluation in monitoring and

implementing FLUP and must create a schedule of meeting regularly by the Forest
Land Use Plan with different sectors and agencies. with the presence of CBFM
holders, CADT, CLOA, CSC, and other groups in the LGU with the DENR
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FOREST LAND USE
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9.3 Periodic assessment of key FLUP indicators for the implementation of

FLUP
Periodic monitoring and evaluation of FLUP Implementation must be a

calendar activity since it is deemed necessary for future development plans. With
the help of DENR (PENRO and CENRO), this will be evaluated properly. The plan
itself can’t be said to be perfect, but through periodic monitoring and evaluation,
some of the things that are in need to develop or a new management scheme can
be discussed and be prioritized. The monitoring and evaluation scheme can also
help sustain the undertaken programs and projects.
Standard procedures and tools will be used for monitoring the indicators, and
results will be publicly disseminated through periodic publication. The MENRO will be
the team leader and will provide leadership and coordination of the sub-monitoring
teams headed by sub-team leaders. Since the membership of the MMT can become
so large, an executive committee can be formed consisting of the team leader and
sub-team leaders, other officers, and selected members of MMT as may be so
decided by MMT in plenary. The executive committee will meet as frequently as
necessary to decide on the day-to-day concerns of the MMT. Details of the MMT
organization and protocols, especially on selecting team leaders and sub-team
leaders, acceptance of new members, tenure of MMT officers, and other similar
concerns, will be developed during the plan's implementation.
Page 2 of 107
FOREST LAND USE
ORIENTAL
APPENDICES
1. THEMATIC MAPS
2. MDC RESOLUTION
3. SANGGUNIANG BAYAN RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE FLUP
4. SANGGUNIANG BAYAN RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING THE LCE TO
SIGN AND ENTER INTO MOA WITH THE DENR FOR FLUP
IMPLEMENTATION
4. MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT (MOA FOR FLUP IMPLEMENTATION)
Page 3 of 107
FOREST LAND USE
ORIENTAL
SWOT Analysis
STRENGTH WEAKNESS
-Presence of 617.49 -No local ordinance/policies regarding FFL management;

hectares Forest land; - Inadequate water sources;
-Interested POs to participate; - Most of water users have no water permits;
- FFL areas are accessible to all - Unmanaged open access;
motorized vehicle (for - Illegal conversion of FFL into other use;
monitoring); - Above 18% slope - Uncontrolled occupation of informal
(for forest settlers/ encroachers in FFL;
protection); -Unsuccessful tree-planting/tree-growing activities
LGU Gitagum being undertaken;
FOREST AND -Presence of Mt Anggas - Absence Bantay Gubat/Dagat;
FOREST LAND - Inadequate implementation of programs
(FFL) for watershed development and protection;
- Lack of concern among land owners to
protect and preserve water resources;
- Lack of erosion control measures;
- Non creation of MENR Officer.
STRENGTHS- WEAKNESSES- OPPORTUNITIES STRATEGIES

OPPORTUNITIES OPPORTUNITIE
S STRATEGIES
Available -Presence of 617.49 has. of -Formulation of local ordinances/policies re-FFL
programs/projects from the Forest land available for management on eco-tourism potential
local and national reforestation projects and areas/spots;
government and other other related support programs -Crafting common agricultural policies associated
agencies; and activities; with good practices to counter declining biodiversity
- Eco-tourism and thinning of the forest; - Oblige water users to
potential -Development of secure water permits to regulate and protect water
areas/spots; ecotourism destination; resources;
-increasing investment - Pursue favorable -Incorporating FLUP in CLUP 2023-2027;
opportunities; investments, particularly in - Availing programs/projects from the local
-Common agricultural FFL; and national government and other agencies to
policies associated with - Grasp good agricultural address inadequacy in the implementation of
good practices for the practices; programs for watershed development and protection;
maintenance of - Formulation of Soil & Water -Dissemination of common agricultural policies
biodiversity and Protection Management Plan associated with good practices for the maintenance of
landscape, soil and water for timberland areas; biodiversity
resources protection; -Accreditation of PO’S interested and landscape, soil, and water resources to address
- Available access to in managing PPAs forwarded the lack of concern among landowners on their
planting materials by local and national protection
government agencies; and preservation;
from different agencies
-Improvement and maintenance - Available access to planting materials from
for reforestation and
of all access roads to eco- different agencies for reforestation and Agroforestry
Agroforestry cropping
tourism potential areas/spots; cropping systems in watershed areas will help solve
systems in watershed inadequate implementation of programs for
areas. watershed development and protection;
-Common agricultural policies associated with good
practices for the maintenance of soil and water
Page 4 of 107

Forest Land Use Plan Municipality of GitAGUM

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Forest Land Use Plan

The following are the corresponding strategies recommended that the

Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………………………… iii

………………………………………………………………………………………… List of Tables vii

Chapter III. METHODOLOGY …………………………………………………………………… 5

Chapter IV. KEY FINDINGS ……………………………………………………………………… 9

4.1.1. Municipal Profile ………………………………………………………………….. 9

4.1.2. Topography and Slope …………………………………………………………. 12

4.1.3. Elevation …………………………………………………………………………….. 14

4.1.4. Climate and Weather Condition …………………………………………….. 17

4.1.5. Soil Characteristic ………………………………………………………………… 19

4.1.6. Sub-watersheds and Drainage ………………………………………………. 21

4.1.7. Socio-Economic and Cultural Profile ………………………………………. 23

4.1.8. Livelihood Sources ………………………………………………………………. 28

4.1.9. Economic Structure ……………………………………………………………… 32

4.1.10. Social Services …………………………………………………………………… 36

4.1.11. Sports and Recreation ………………………………………………………… 39

4.1.12. Educational Facilities …………………………………………………………. 40

4.1.13. Infrastructure Services ……………………………………………………….. 44

4.1.14. Peace, Order and Security Sector ………………………………………… 47

4.1.15. Power Sources …………………………………………………………………… 48

4.1.16. Water Resources ………………………………………………………………… 49

4.1.17. Communication ………………………………………………………………….. 51

4.1.18. Geohazard …………………………………………………………………………. 52

4.2. Condition of Forest and Forest Land Assets ……..…………………………

54 4.3. Key Stakeholders …………………………………………………………………….

4.4. Institutional Assessment …………………………………………………………. 66

4.5. Summary of Key Issues, conflict, problems, needs, investment …… 67

4.6. Needs …………………………………………………………………………………. 71

4.7. Investment / Socio-Economic Opportunities ……………………………….

71 Chapter V. VISION, MISSION, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES ……………………………..

Chapter VI. RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES ………………………………………………….

73 6.1. General Strategies ……………………………………………………………………

6.2. Specific Technical Strategies …………………………………………………….. 77

6.3. Climate Change adaptation strategies ……………………………………….. 80

6.4. Cross cutting strategies unsustainable forest practices …………………

80 Chapter VII. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND OPERATIONS …………………..

IN SUPPORT OF FLUP IMPLEMENTATION

7.0.1. Forging partnership agreements or arrangements …………………….

87 Chapter VIII . ESTIMATED FIVE YEARS FINANCIAL REQUIREMENT

Chapter IX. Periodic Monitoring and Evaluation of FLUP Implementation …………. 95

9.1. Baselines and indicators of performance…………………………………… 95

9.2. Multi-sectoral and inter-agency periodic assessment, analysis and

Reporting in support of the FLUP ………………………………………………

9.3. Periodic assessment of key FLUP Indicators for the implementation

1 Administrative Map, LGU Gitagum 10

2 Slope Map, LGU Gitagum 13

3 Elevation Map, LGU Gitagum 16

4 Climate Map, LGU Gitagum 18

5 Soil Map, LGU Gitagum 20

6 Sub-watershed and Drainage Map, LGU Gitagum 22

7 Settlement Map, LGU Gitagum 27

8 Infrastructure Map, LGU Gitagum 45

9 Geohazard Map, LGU Gitagum 53

10 Land Classification Map, LGU Gitagum 55

11 Open Access Map, LGU Gitagum 58

12 Tourism Map, LGU Gitagum 60

13 Landcover 2010 Map, LGU Gitagum 62

14 Landcover 2015 Map, LGU Gitagum 63

15 Conflict Map, LGU Gitagum 69

16 Issues Map, LGU Gitagum 70

17 Forest Land Zoning Map, LGU Gitagum 75

18 Proposed Allocation Map, LGU Gitagum 76

19 Proposed Organizational Structure of MENRO 82