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[cpukelnm Kfelvmrlmhm gc Pchczucem


Lhstuf Pchczfemhf gc efs ^cjurfs ^fnlmecs
Afsplme Gr. Mgfe`f Tfhs

Shlvcrslgmg
^crvlnlf gce Jchcrme
gc Nlrujém Ruelm

Mhmtfiém ]ulròrjlnm gc
Wþrmx y Icglmshf

I.N. Mhafhy ^levm


[cslgchc gc =cr mýf gc Nlrujém Jchcrme
J chcrme
Imrmnmlkf, @ckrcrf ;4;=
 

Fkbcvfs2
 Lgchtnmr efs glsthfs nfipfhchcs
mhmþilnfs gce þrmx.

 Gchlr y gcelilmr em mhmfiém


icglmshlnm.

 Gcsnrlklr efs Þrjmhfs Lhrmfrínlnfs.


 

CIK[LFJCHC^L^
Csþ`mjf, tríqucm, krfhqulfs y pueifhcs sfh gcrlvmgfs gce
lhtcstlhf mhtcrlfr,
mhtcrlfr, gc frljch chgfgìrilnf

Nfipfhchtcs iusnuemr y nmrtlemjlhfsf sfh frljlhmgfs ch ce


icsfgcrif pmrmxlme y ce nfrmzþh gce icsfgcrif emtcrme.
 

Wþrmx
Nmbm Wfrínlnm

  - @frim nlelhgrfnþhlnm

* Nfh`ljurmnlþh Cxtcrhm
 
- Nmrm mhtcrlfr f
nfhgrfcstcrhme

- Nmrms emtcrmecs f nfstmecs


nfstmecs

  - Nmrm pfstcrlfr f gfrsme

Nfh`ljurmnlþh Lhtcrhm
 

Nfh`frimnlfh Gc Em
Nmbm Wfrmnlnm
Nmbm Wfrínlnm

Mkcrturm ^upcrlfr (Ncrvlnf-tfrínlnm


(Ncrvlnf-tfrínlnm))

  - Afrquleem cstcrhme
- M efs emgfs em =ª nfstleem
  - Kfrgc supcrlfr gc W=

 Mkcrturm Lh`crlfr (Wfrmnf-mkgfilhme)

  - Mpìhglnc xl`flgc (W0)


  - [ckfrgc nfhgrfnfstme y gfs nfstleems `eftmhtcs
  - Nucrpf gc W=;
 

Elhcms Gc [c`crchnlm

Mhtcrlfr 
 
 

ELHCM^ GC [C@C[CHNLM

Emtcrme  Tfstcrlfr  
 

Temhlictrém Gce
Wþrmx
 

Eéhcms Gc [c`crchnlm

Rfhm G f Írcm Wfrmnf-mkgfilhme


 

Mhmtfiém ]ulròrjlnm gc Wþrmx


y Icglmshf

Fstcfefjém
 

MHMWFIÉM GCE
MHM GCE
WÞ[MQ
C^]SCECWF
• =; Nfstleems.

• =; vcrtckrms
tfrínlnms.

• =4 nmrtéemjfs.

• Cstcrhþh.
 

C^W[SNWS[M^ Þ^CM^
\ NM[WLEMJLHF^M^
C^WC[HÞH

• ; Icscs gc vlgm
lhrmucrlhm2
Acilcscrhfhcs

• 0 Icscs gc vlgm
lhrmucrlhm2
@frimnlþh gc
Cscrhckrms
 

C^W[SNWS[M^ Þ^CM^
\ NM[WLEMJLHF^M^
C^WC[HÞH
• Temhf, Lipmr y sliìrlnf.

• Fnupm em pfrnlþh mhcrlfr y icglme gce


þrmx.

• Efhjlug2 =1ni

• > Nfipfhchcs2
 „ ^upcrlfr2 Imhukrlf
 „ Icglf2 Nucrpf
 „ Lh`crlfr2 Mpìhglnc Ql`flgcs.
 

C^W[SNWS[M^ Þ^CM^
\ NM[WLEMJLHF^M^
C^WC[HÞH
Mhtcrlfr  Tfstcrlfr  Emtcrme
 

C^W[SNWS[M^ F^CM^
\ NM[WLEMJLHF^M^
NF^WLEEM^

NM[MNWC[L^WLNM^ JCHC[MEC^

 Aucsfs pemhfs gc nfhnmvlgmg lhtcrhm

 Glrcnnlþh2 Fkelnum mgcemhtc, nrcnlchtc


amnlm mkmbf.
 Gcsnrlpnlþh2
 Cxtrcif pfstcrlfr2
 Nucrpf
 Cxtrcif Mhtcrlfr 
 
 

C^W[SNWS[M^ F^CM^
\ NM[WLEMJLHF^M^
NF^WLEEM^
=´ NF^WLEEM2
-Nfrtm y nurvmturm gc chrfeemilchtf
prfhuhnlmgm
-Nmkczm sfef = nmrleem lh`crlfr pmrm W=.

-  Lhscrnlþh gc efs csnmechfs mhtcrlfr y


icglf

-^urnfs gc em mrtcrlm y vchm suknemvlm

-  Wukcrfslgmg prfilhchtc nfh uhm nmrleem


mrtlnuemr pmrm em trmhsvcrsm.
 

C^W[SNWS[M^ F^CM^
\ NM[WLEMJLHF^M^
NF^WLEEM^
;´ NF^WLEEM2

 Nuceef rcgfhgcmgf.

 ^u nucrpf gm lhscrnlþh2

 Kfrgc ^upcrlfr2 Csnmechf


Tfstcrlfr 

 Kfrgc Lh`crlfr2 ^crrmtf


Imyfr 
 

C^W[SNWS[M^ F^CM^
\ NM[WLEMJLHF^M^
NF^WLEEM^
==´ NF^WLEEM2

 Nmkczm2 = nmrleem mrtlnuemr.


 Nuceef slh tukcrfslgmg.
 Cxtrcif mhtcrlfr elkrc.

=;´ NF^WLEEM2

 Tucgc scr emrjm f nfrtm mhnam


y mpemhmgm.
 

Mhmtfiém ]ulròrjlnm
y Icglmshf gc Wþrmx

Ilfefjém
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 


Glstrlkulgfs ch ; jrupfs2
 Tcntfrme imyfr 
 Mhtcrlfr2  Tcntfrme ichfr 
 ^crrmtf mhtcrlfr 

Cxtréhscnfs2
 Wrmpcnlf
Gfrsme mhnaf
Tfstcrlfr2 
 [fikflgcf imyfr y ichfr 
 ^crrmtf pfstcrlfr ( supcrlfr
supcrlfr c lh`crlfr)

 Lhtcrnfstmecs (cxtcrhf, lhtcrhf, lhtlif)


 ^uknfstmecs.
Lhtréhscnfs2  Wrmhsvcrsf gce tþrmx.
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 


Cxréhscnfs2

Tcntfrme Imyfr2 Mhcrlfrcs

Mnnlþh2
Mgunfr gce Krmzf, Cecvmgfr gce Wþrmx.
Lrrljmnlþh2 
Lrrljmnlþh2 
M. Wfrmnfmnrfilm
frmnfmnrfilmee

M. Lhcrnfsmecs.
Lhcrvmnlþh2
H. Tcnfrme Emcrme, rmim gce Tecxf
Krmqulme.
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 


Cxréhscnfs2

Tcntfrme Ichfr2 Mhcrlfrcs

Mnnlþh2
Lhnelhm em csnípuem amnlm gcemhtc y myugm
ch em lhsplrmnlþh `frzmgm.

Lrrljmnlfh2
 M. Tcntfrmecs (rmims gc em M.
Wfrmnfmnrfilme)

Lhcrvmnlfh2
H. Tcntfrme Icglf (Tecxf Krmqulme)
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 


Cxréhscnfs2
^crrmtf Mhtcrlfr (Imyfr) Mhcrlfrcs

Mnnlþh2

Cecvmnlþh
`frzmgm. gc ems nfsteems ch lhsplrmnlþh

Lrrljmnlþh2
M. Wfrmnfgfrsme ([mim gc em M. Wfrínlnm
Emcrme).

Lhcrvmnlþh2 
Lhcrvmnlþh2 
H. Wfrínlnf Emrjf (Tecxf Krmqulme)
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 


Cxréhscnfs2
^uknemvlf2 Mhcrlfrcs

Mnnlþh2
Gcsnchgcr em nemvénuem y ce afikrf
 

Lrrljmnlfh2 
Lrrljmnlfh2 
M. Nemvlnuemr ( [mim gc em
Wfrmnfmnrfilme)

Lhcrvmnlfh2 
Lhcrvmnlfh2 
H. ^uknemvlf ( [mim gce Tecxf

Krmqulme)
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 


Cxréhscnfs2
Wrmpcnlf2 Tfscrlfrcs

Mnnlþh2
Cecvmgfr gc efs afikrfs.
[ftmnlþh gcem nmkczm ch schtlgf
nfhtrmemtcrme.

Lrrljmnlfh2
 M. Gfrsme gc em csnmpuem (rmims
(rmims gc em M.
^uknemvlm)

Lhcrvmnlfh2
H. Mnncsfrlf
[mims mhtcrlfrcs ;², >² y 7² gce hcrvlf
ncrvlnme.
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 

Gfrsme Mhnaf2 Cxréhscnfs2


Tfscrlfrcs

Mnnlþh2
 Mguntfr gce Krmzf y rftmgfr icglme
icglme gc
auicrf

Lrrljmnlfh2
 M. Lhtcrnfstmecs, mxlemrcs y Wfrínlnms
Gfrsmecs

Lhcrvmnlfh2
@msnénuef Tfstcrlfr gce Tecxf krmqulme (N:
y N1)
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 


Cxréhscnfs2
[fikflgcs Tfscrlfrcs

Mnnlþh2
Gcspemzm em csnmpuem icglmeichtc
Gcsnchsf gc efs afikrfs.

Lrrljmnlfh2
 M. Gfrsme gc em csnmpuem (rmims
(rmims gc em M.
^uknemvlm)

Lhcrvmnlfh2
H. Gfrsme gc em csnmpuem ([mim
([ mim gce Tecxf
Krmqulme).
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 

^crrmtf
^crrmtf Tfstcrlfr (ichfr)2
(ichfr)2 Cxréhscnfs2
Tfscrlfrcs

Mnnlþh2
Gcsnchsf gc ems nfstleems (Csplrmgfr)

Lrrljmnlfh2
 M. Lhtcrnfstmecs.

Lhcrvmnlfh2
H. Lhtcrnfstmecs
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 


Lhréhscnfs
Iòsnuefs Lhtcrnfstmecs
 Mhnafs y gcejmgfs. ^fh >2

Cxtcrhfs2 Gcsgc mrtlnuemnlþh nfstf-trmhsvcrsm


amstm mrtlnuemnlþh nfhgrfnfstme.

Icglfs2 Gcsgc eéhcm mxlemr icglm amstm kfrgc


emtcrme gc cstcrhþh.

Lhtcrhfs2
amstm  Gcsgc
kfrgc íhjuef
emtcrme pfstcrlfr gc nfstleem
gc cstcrhþh.

Lhcrvmnlþh2 Hcrvlfs lhtcrnfstmecs.

Lrrljmnlþh2 M. Lhtcrnfstmecs.

Mnnlþh2  [csplrmnlþh.
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 


Lhréhscnfs
^uprmnfstmecs

Frljch 2 Mpþ`lsls Wrmhsvcrsms


tfrínlnms. Wrmhsvcrsms gc N: y ems =;

Lhscrnlþh2 ce kfrgc supcrlfr g em nfstleem


suprmymnchtc.

Lhcrvmnlþh2 Hcrvlfs lhtcrnfstmecs.
Lrrljmnlþh2 M. Lhtcrnfstmecs.

Mnnlþh2 Cecvmgfrcs gc ems Nfstleems.


 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 


Lhréhscnfs
^uknfstmecs

Frljch2 Kfrgc lh`crlfr pfstcrflhtcrhf gc nfstleem


suprmymnchtc

Lhscrnlþh2 Nfstleem sukymnchtc

Lhcrvmnlþh2 Hcrvlfs lhtcrnfstmecs.

Lrrljmnlþh2 M. Lhtcrnfstmecs.

Mnnlþh2 Gcsnchsf gc ems nfstleems ch


lhsplrmnlþh `frzmgm.
 

IS^NSEF^ GCE WÞ[MQ 

Wrlmhjuemr gce Cstcrhþh2


Cstcrhþh2 Lhréhscnfs

Frljch2 Mpìhglnc Ql`flgcs

Lhscrnlþh2 Nmrtlemjf Nfstme gc W>-W0

Lhcrvmnlþh2 Hcrvlfs lhtcrnfstmecs.

Lrrljmnlþh2 M. Lhtcrnfstmecs.

Mnnlþh2 Gcsnchsf gc efs nmrtlemjfs nfstmecs


 

Cstrunturms Iusnuemrcs

Glm`rmjim
^cpmrm me tþrmx gce mkgfich.

Trcschtm2
 
> lhscrnlfhcs2
 Pcrtckrmecs
 Nfstmecs
 Ql`flgcms

; pfrnlfhcs2
 Iusnuemr
 Mpfhcurþnm.

> vcrchtcs2
 Tfstcrlfr.


Emtcrme.
Mhtcrlfr.
 

Cstrunturms Iusnuemrcs

Glm`rmjim
 

Cstrunturms Iusnuemrcs

Glm`rmjim
Lrrljmnlþh
M. `rìhlnm supcrlfrcs
M. `rìhlnm lh`crlfrcs
M.iòsnuef-`rìhlnm

Grchmbc Pchfsf
P. Wfrínlnms lhtcrhms
P. @rìhlnms supcrlfrcs
P. @rìhlnms lh`crlfrcs
 

Cstrunturms Iusnuemrcs

Glm`rmjim
Mnnlþh

Trlhnlpme
• Iòsnuef lhsplrmgfr 

^cnuhgmrlms
• @mvfrcnc em nlrnuemnlþh
• ^c lhifvlelzm gurmhtc cegc em smhjrc y gc em elh`m
cs`ucrzf
• ^c fpfhc me rc`eubf gce nfhtchlgf jístrlnf
• Trfvfnm2 ce jrltf, ce kfstczf y pfr sus cspmsifs, ce
alpf, em rlsm y ce sfeefzf
• Muichtm em prcslþh gc em nmvlgmg mkgfilhme
gurmhtc em gc`cnmnlþh y ce pmrtf
 

Mhmtfiém ]ulròrjlnm
y Icglmshf gc Wþrmx

NMPLGMGC
NMPLGMGC^^ TECS[MEC^
TECS[MEC^
 

TECS[M \ NMPLGMG TECS[ME

[cnukrlilchtf
icsftcelme quc sc
lhvmjlhm m hlvce gce alelf
pueifhmr y sc nfhtlhòm
pmrm nukrlr nmgm
pueiþh.
Tucgc scr2
 Tmrlctme.
 Plsncrme.
 

[cncsfs pecurmecs2

Efs pueifhcs hf
rceechmh nfipectmichtc
em zfhm lh`crlfr gc ems
nmvlgmgcs pecurmecs, sfef
ch lhsplrmnlþh `frzmgm.

[cncsfs
nfstficglmstlhlnfs

[cncsfs
nfstfglm`rmjimtlnfs
 

TSEIFH
 Þrjmhfs Tmrcs,
Msliìtrlnfs.

 ^ltumgfs gchtrf gc

ems nmvlgmgcs
pecurmecs.

 M nmgm emgf gce


icglmstlhf.

 Trcschtmh2
 Kfrgc ^upcrlfr f
Íplnc.
 Nmrm Cxtcrhm2
Nfhvcxm.

Nmrm
nfh celhtcrhm,
Alelf Nfhnmvm
 

TSEIFH
Í[KFE K[FH]SLME
 

TSEIFH ^CJICHWMNLÞH
^CJICHWMNLÞH  TSEIFHM[

Gcrcnaf
 

TSEIFH ^CJICHWMNLÞH TSEIFHM[


^CJICHWMNLÞH

Lzqulcrgf
 

TSEIFH

L[[LJMNLÞH
 

Mhmtfiém ]ulròrjlnm
y Icglmshf gc Wþrmx

ICGLM^WLHF
 

ICGLM^WLHF
GLPL^LFH WFTFJ[M@LNM
 

ICGLM^WLHF
^STC[LF[
WLIF

W[FHNF^ PCHF^F^

K[M]SLFNC@MELNF^

PCHM NMPM ^STC[LF[

NM\MGF MF[WLNF \ ^S^

[MIM^
NFHGSNWF WF[MNLNF

HC[PLF^ @[CHLNF^ \ PMJF^

W[M]SCM
C^F@MJF
 

ICGLM^WLHF
MHWC[LF[
 WLIF

 PM^F^ IMIM[LF^
LHWC[HF^

 JMHJELF^ ELH@M
ELH@MWLNF^
WLNF^

 ELJMICHWF^
C^WC[HFTC[LNM[GLNF^
 

ICGLM^WLHF
ICGLF
 MF[WM
MF[WM M^NCHGCHWC
M^NCH GCHWC

 NF[MRÞH, \ F[LJCH GC
J[MHGC^ PM^F^

 PCHM NMPM LH@C[LF[

 KL@S[NMNLÞH
W[M]SCME \
K[FH]SLF^
T[LHNLTMEC^

 M[WC[LM^, PCHM^
TSEIFHM[C^
 HC[PLF^ @[CHLNF^
 

ICGLM^WLHF
TF^WC[LF[
 MF[WM WF[MNLNM

 NFHGSNWF WF[MNLNF
 ^L^WCIM GC PCHM^
MNLJF^ \
ACILMNLJF^

 C^F@MJF, \ TECQF
C^F@MJF,
C^F@MJLNF

 HC[PLF^ PMJF^

 ^LITMWLNF^
 HFGSEF^ ELH@MWLNF^
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^
ICGLM^WLHMEC^
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^

WLIF
f Mhtcrfsupcrlfr.

f Jeíhguem prfguntfrm gc
elh`fnltfs W

f Gc tmimýf vmrlmkec

f
Lrrljmnlþh2 mrtcrlms
tfrínlnms lhtcrhms.

f Grchmbc2 Pchm
Krmqulnc`íelnm Lzqulcrgm.
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^

MF[WM
MF[WM WF[ÍNLNM
WF[ÍNLNM
• Trcschm > pfrnlfhcs2

• Msnchgchc.
• Nmymgf mþrtnf.

• Gcsnchgchc.
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^

^L^WCIM PCHF^F GC EM^ ÍNLJF^


  Gcrcnam2 Pchm Ínljfs.

  Frljch2=ª Pchm Euikmr y


^uknfstme Gcrcnam

  Wcrilhmnlþh2 W7 ch nmrm
 pfstcrlfr gc em Pchm
Pchm Nmvm
^upcrlfr.
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^

^L^WCIM PCHF^F GC EM^ ÍNLJF^


  Lzqulcrgm2 Pchm
Pchm
Acilínl jfs
Acilínljfs
y Acilínljfs Mnncsfrlm

  Frljch2=ª Pchm Euikmr Lzq.


y Pchm
Pchm [chme Lzq.

  Wcrilhmnlþh2
icglm amnlm em W1 nruzmyeéhcm
gcrcnam
gcscikfnmh ch em ínljfs
imyfr.
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^

NFHGSNWF WF[ÍNLNF
  Frljch2 Mkgfilhme,
nfh`euchnlm gc elh`ítlnfs ch
E>.

  Wrmycntf2Tfstcrlfr gcrcnaf y
ch W3-W0 nruzm em eéhcm
icglm amnlm em lzq.

  Wcrilhmnlþh2Nfh`euchtc
\ujuefsuknemvlf Lzqulcrgf
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^

HC[PLF PMJF
• Frljch [cme2

 „ Iffr Trlhnlpme2 Hònecf Mikljuf


 „ Plsncrfiffr (Tmrmslipítnf)2 Hònecf Gfrsme gce Pmjf.
Pmjf.
 „ ^chsltvf2 Hònecf ^felmrlf,Hònecf Csplhme gce Wrljìilhf.

• Frljch Mpmrchtc2
Mpmrchtc2

 „ ^urnf [crffelvmr gce kuekf rmqulgcf


^urnf [crffelvmr gce kuekf rmqulgcf
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^

HC[PLF PMJF
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^

TC[LNM[GLF \ NF[MRÞH
f Chvfeturm ^crf`lkrfsm quc chvucevc
me nfrmzþh y efs jrmhgcs vmsfs.
.
Tcrlnmrglf scrfsf2
f Nmpm pmrlctme
f Nmpm vlsncrme.
f
Nmvlgmg Tcrlnmrglnm.
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^


TC[LNM[GLF \ NF[MRÞH

Tcrlnmrglf `lkrfsf2
f Cstmkecnc efs eliltcs gce icglmstlhf icglf.

f
Trcschtm
f
cstrunturms
Eljmichtf gc `lbmnlþh nfh cstrunturms vcnlhms2
@rchfpcrlnmrglnf.
f Eljmichtf Cstcrhfpcrlnmrglnf.
f Eljmichtf Pcrtckrfpcrlnmrglnf
f Eljmichtf Ncrvlnfpcrlnmrglnf.
f Eljmichtf Plsncrfpcrlnmrglnf.

Lhcrvmnlþh2 Hcrvlf Pmjf y Wrfhnf ^lipítlnf

Lrrljmnlþh2
• ^upcr`lnlme

• Trf`uhgm
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^


TC[LNM[GLF \ NF[MRÞH
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^

W[M]SCM
  Frljch2 Nuceef, m hlvce gc N0 f
 kfrgc lh`crlfr gce nmrtéemjf
nrlnflgcs.

  Wrmycntf2 Tfstcrlfr gcrcnaf y


ch W3-W0 nruzm em eéhcm icglm
amnlm em lzq.

  Wcrilhmnlþh2 Mhjuef gce


cstcrhfh kl`urnmhgfsc ch
 krfhqulf prlhnlpme gcrcnaf c
lzqulcrgf.
 

F[JMHF^ \ C^W[SNWS[M^ ICGLM^WLHMEC^

C^F@MJF f Nfhguntf nleéhgrlnf, iusnuemr,


quc uhc em `mrlhjc y ce cstfimjf.

f
Frljch2 N0
f Wcrilhmnlþh2 W==.
f Efhjltug2 ;3ni

f Lrrljmnlþh2 Mrtcrlms
Mrtcrlms csf`íjlnms (M.
tfrínlnm), M. Krfhqulmecs y M.
Nfrfhmrlm cstfimqulnm.
f Lhcrvmnlþh22 H. Pmjf.
Lhcrvmnlþh
 

Jrmnlms…

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