a) Assumptions :

i) Lake has constant volume, V.

ii) C(t) is the concentration of pollutant.
iii) F is the flows rate.
iv) M(t) is the mass of pollutant of anytime.

(rate
of mass∈lake ) ( enters lake ) ( leaves lake )
of change = rate mass − rate mass

( flowlakeinto)=( flow
of lake )
out =F

Apply balance law to mass of pollutant M(t)

( )( )( )
rate of change rate at which rate at which
of mass of pollutant = pollutant enters − pollutant leaves
¿lake the lake thelake

M (t )
M ' ( t )=F C ¿ −F
V

M (t )=C ( t ) V → M ' ( t )=C ' ( t ) V

dC F F
= C ¿− C
dt V V
1 F
∫ C ¿−C dC=∫ V dt
F
−ln|C ¿ −C|= t+ k , where k is an arbitrary constant .
V
 −Ft
−k V
C ( t )=C ¿ −e e
−Ft
V
initial condition : C ( 0 )=C 0 , →C ( t )=C ¿ −( C¿ −C 0 ) e

b)
i) Maximum pollution level in the lake.

−Ft
V
C ( t )=C ¿ −( C¿ −C 0 ) e
−Ft
dC −F V
dt
=
V
( C ¿−C 0 ) e

ii) Time taken for concentration to fall below safe.

Let C ¿=0
−Ft
C ( t )=C 0 e V

ln
| |C −Ft
C0
=
V

t=
−V
F
ln
| |
C
C0
−V
t= ln|( 0.00 1 )|
F
V
t=6.9 1
F