\loll.

t Íbrg"- Fe'-ár-'0,

SHRI{
Robeít D.Btevhr Ph.D

KRTEGER PUBLTSHING COMPANY

MALABAR, FLORIDA
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':aqsryqnd âql uro{ Surlrrm ur uorssrutred 1noqlr.r
suelsÁs Ie^eutâl puu aSerols uorleuuo;ur Surpnlcur ,lúcrueqoârü lo cruollJãlê.sueârrr
Íuu Áq ;o ruro; Áue ur pacnpo:de.r êq ÁBtu looq srqt Jo uud oN .pâ^Jêsâr s1q3r: y1y
lueueBue::y Áq pelurrdaX
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Íq paqsrlqn4 pue pêluud
y697 uoplpg luudeg
suorlJerroJlouru qlr,ry\ ç66I 't661 ânssrãà
yg61 uorlrpg luudeg
6161 uotlpil pur8rrg
 PLATES 239

constant k6, per A2 area of the plate (Fig. I l_3) are:

Eh3 kr )rt,
,,,=
{#1,, r(;)J'
*
thfr r'l- 4r"r*1
(1 1-14)
where ais the width of the plate and b is its length.
The mode shapes of plates on elastic foundations are unchanged
by the presence
of the foundation (Ref. I l-t 7).

Membrane Analogy. There exists an analogy between the

vibration of pentagonal
membranes and similarly shaped simply supported plates.
A solution oi tn. !tut.
equation for a plate with straight edges and zero moment about
those edges also
solves the membrane equation for a similarly shaped membrane with fixed eàges. It
is possible to relate the membrane solution to the plate solution (Ref.
transformation is effected by:
tO-t). firis

,.1 na .,
",J ptu,"= t\ii I

membrane, (11-1s)
I Stlz I
where A is the area of the shape of interest (Table l0-1) and
a is the characteristic
length used in the formula for the natural frequency or íne plate.
For example, the
general solution for the natural frequencies of a
simply supported rectangulàr plate
can be found from frame 2 of Table l0_l:
l-z
i,i
'tJ =o' fi,+i,/gfl
lntate 2ra, L'
rr I Er'' 1'r'.
\-b/ I Lnrl* t
i=1,2,3,. ' (l 1-16)
,

i = 1,2,3,
where the symbols are defined in Table ll-10.^1 This expression can be verified by
comparison with frame l6 of Table I l _ 1 0.
The mode shapes of the plate and the analogous membrane
are identical. Thus,
the mode shape of the simply supported rectangular plate is:

_, hrx jtry
zii\x,y) = sin-sin-
.a (1 l-17)
b'
where the origin of the coordinate system is at one of the corneÍs
of the plate with
the x axis parallel to the sides of length b and the y axis parallel to the sides of
length a.
It must be cautioned that the analogy of Eq. l l-15 is valid only for polygonal
shapes, that is, shapes composed of a series of straight edges
such as trianges, rec-
tangles, and pentagons, and the analogy applies only to .n.-brur.,
wlttr Íix"eO áages
(Table l0-1) and plates with simply supported edges.

11.2. CIRCULAR, ANNULAR, AND ELLIPTICAL PLATES

Tables. The natural frequencies of circular plates are given in Table
dently, the mode shapes of circular plates can be expressed in
ll-1. Evi-
closed form only for
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5
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a
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3 I

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ll> *l üiã iá í+
l- u O o (D :'C O-â
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uô F
| É v, o iEF'tí: d
P. l+§.
vl^
at>
*= <rl4ar.9
ɧ 3

-r C.
ãÍlêÊtB
5 õ 3 xi.X 6
rl> a
;. : E- rr H. á''i.
d a< e 5 : u

3p-E ã -'€
s 9€ i tt j.i =
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^ a
ldb NU@ A@ Ô iç * ilg 3
J
hO
r!
za 3
ooo oo o ôHlq.. ooo oc Ó 33e*qF:í
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ef A u-§ ã
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38qf;6
§!@ ô6 @
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ã
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=
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áqá5€
O 6 -' â ''
s'
-
a 3 =*. I q

É*iití
ê" ã.q q

3dvHs 3(IClw oNV lVUnlVN UOJ SVInyTJUOJ OiZ

^cN3no38J
 PLATES 241
-l;
i*
o
-l-
_t_
l:
l-1
!+
s @N
o oa
,i;
o\ O OO OOO
o!
soo
-^ ls
Ê 16 Ê 4
.i!
.i
o oo ooo ü .: t.:
O o ôo e -É
:12
"1" 6
ô §6
F+
lF
.,51É o oo
Àt ! - l"
6.q r @n
I
ó !r '
^<Íd i '-t'
o v o oo ooo
!.iot
€,r,.itJ
I
^É+
ro
h2
§,
ô6
Io
q.a
+a
JG
vÉ
o!q
ov
^é
rÉ+t
.
qG.-v É..
o!H .
d !< h d
,;
-3
oo
;õ
!< : --+)
ã- F I
À0 ,/ I
r: -{ o7l-\<a
"93 -/
/
\
\
";i
t^: ---
3áã t\
6E E \
.-\./
/
I
ü ; P u1\--/@
*
 Â,
ET
(D

+ff ()
ô
À,
.o
3
Â,
(D

o
o
.l I !,
lr
rl -ô l!

.
- |I -.-
-s
I \.
,.a I NL b
lse o
llls a.
F'
oô
.t

t3
o

-q ^a
pr
o ôD
^ ô!

tto
C e, =]
-q^
o +i
-.=-;
^o
>+3
- I lN
-9
+n
=ls q
a=
-=
L:

oo
À

SdvHs lcow oNV 'IVUntvN uoJ sv]nwuol znz

^cN3no:tuJ
 PLATES
t
--t
g
§
É/
az
o.rE
t-^
tN
+
ii
, É.a l)
dE !
t:
E
o
fr
 Âr
ET
ôÕ (D
,l= r *rF
qV\r;ã
ll I \ qlí=v\,^ !:i5
fr
,t )* H-
ll*[rYt
uÊ t
ll*( ., )* $; a
::. o
+r=5 D!
i
rVr TF
I Z ;r
fFO,Ê o
a
'a o,
z 16
f 3.
o ; Àt
É =
P (D
?
ô
§
I
ttt
JOÔOOOJJN
OUNONUOUO S.
o
a_

-,;-
-1il
3

'Í

sdvHs 300w oNV -rVUnlvN uoJ svlnwuoJ wZ

^CN3no38J
 PLATES 245
the three elementary boundary
conditions (i.e.,-free, simpry
The natural frequencies. of supported, or clamped).
annui". pirr.rln all nine
mentary boundary conditions ,ár.iir. combinations of ele_
ur. gir.n rn Table il_2. Th;^;rndamentar
quencies of elliptical plates naturar fre_
ar" givei in faUte t t_:.

Mode shapes and Nalurar

Frequencies. The prate equation
in porar coordinates has
j:1".:,X-,:H,Tl.'i##t|i",ff
i::
,,#::H:,,,j::itionor,.i,*r;;;;i.*i,.n
z(r, 0,'r =
[ns,(]) . ru,(T) ..,o(]) + dir(i cos i0 sin 2rft;
#)]
i=0, I,2,3,..., (ll_lg)
where the naturar frequency,
f, is a function of the
dimensionress parameter
À:

1= L [-- er-.1-l
"'
i 2ra2 Lt2tG
_ vi)
The plate lies in the
r_0 plane, where ris a
is the angre or rhat radius. radius from th
z i, *,. orrorrutiàn;"il;il.J:;:iHf,l:itÍ
;; ;;,;i;;;;,, h, m.d u,us
p,,
!:1i:!tr,J?Jl:
of the first and
tlTH: n*;nii'.
secona kinds,
per unit area7. . r .rá,,i.i,y
!i and.v, *. n.rrJ'tui.rro^
respectiv i order' '9i anlJi; are
lunctions of the iirst
constanrs which are
and second ,.rrart'I^'^lld -ããiir.ã rr*,
con dition s and
determir"ã-r"?rT,'í"',1'11?;:#,J,_.r:r.
* r,, u,,
"."
i,';;;;,
m o de nu,, u'r.
s;"r,,r. r*J"; ; ;#;':il1" JJt,l**::
;i,H : :f s iir,; [,r, Jxr r,r; rÍ,1i
n*j ru ;r j*J#,,, r,.,., ü,i, i .ií.,,,,
The dimensionless r..qr.n., "
condirions on the prut., oli*:r... À ,. *.r..",, a function of
outer diameter of annurar
irr"-piur[i""r.r* (f* ;;;,ithe boundary
prri"ri1i"a"á many cases poisson,s
irr. rario of rhe inner ro
ratio:
À = À (boundary conditions,
geometry, poisson,s
ratio).
À is determined by.setting
the determinant of the
rmpose the desired characteristic matrix
boundarv to zero to
";;;,'io* on the g.rrrJ rà,ution. The resurt is an
iilili 1:T::: :'i:*:*,Í:I fT,Ht{ir
constanrs ei' etc'' are aetérmúa tá witrrin .r;,";rr;mri,m ir"r,"r*Tl}r
ionstant by the response
illilh, #:il',Hraerations-iãr', tilat the ,;J;--;;,-", , circurar prate can
zr{r, o) = + bi:rif,.Y)] i=0,1,2,3,.
[",,r,(9 cos iá;
j=0,1,2,3,.
,
(l r-re)
t
 SLI 8'ç9 6'9e ,, 6Z L 0
LLL L'çt 8'8e 0 '0, 0 t T
T' T' ZZ I
,'Z 0 Z
tlt_
ez qz
t'tt'Z 9'll 8'Zl 6'€[ 0 t
II
.r6'9 /0 's 99'' 98'. 0 o
' I
S
L'O ç'0 t'0 t'0 I t
elq aa rg- pa 1: oddng Á1 dur g L
t'0 = n
0Lt 0'19 9', tt 8 '02 I 0
ç'02 0'rl 9'Zt ,, 2I 0 I
,'t t 86'1. 80 '9 Z''ç 0 z T
o7
t€ '8 98'' ZT'E ot'z 0 L l-
8t'9 ll', çr'€ 0 0
J
I
L'O ç'0 e'0 t'0
I
e/q patroddnS Á1du1g-aarg 'Z
t'0
õ LL t'tt 0'e t 6', I Z
O'ZZ Z'LL €'81 ç'02
't t t
98 '6 ,,LI 9Z'ZL ,,ZI 0 t
IIt
eZ qZ
Z. TL úL O 9e '8 LL ó I 0
t1
Lç' T, 82, t6', , 0t 'ç 0 Z
'
1'0 ç'0 t'0 t'0 t I I
el9 aêrJ-êefd 't
Ir uoT fdTrc saO
Z\
- rl Lztl fr, .(ziraq)
', Iltrr' qr lTr *= Ícuênbatrd r'trnreN
z.rtL t J z.\
'02-l I pue 6L-[ [ 's]ag uoll pa]depe senn
alqel srql '1.-t alqel ur uanr6 alB slrun +o s1ês luêIsrsuoc:o!IeJ s,uossrod = a íate;d 1o
eare lrun rad sseuJ = l,ía6pe peuoddns Á;drurs = S ía6pa aar+ = J í^l!cllsela +o snlnpour
= 3 ía6pe padLue;c = O lsalcrc Álepunoq 6urlunoc ]ou'salcrr lepou +o raqtunu = Í
lsralauelp lepou loraqurnu = rlssau)crqlaleld = qlsnlpeJ aprsur =q lsnrpeJ eprslno=e :uorleloN
'saleld relnuuv 'z-! ! elqel
SdVHS ]OOW CNV ACNENO:IUI ]VUNIVN UOJ SV'IN}IUOJ 9TZ
 PLATES 247

Table 11-2. Annular Plates. (Continuedl

''/
Natural Frequency (hertz) ..
, f'Lj = ^i'- 1- 'n' , l'",
zr^2 lz.1 1r _ vryl
,2
Descr ip t ion Ll

6la
T 1 0.1 0.3 0.5

0 0 q. L) 6 ,66 1 3.0 37.0

lr
I

2h 0 .14 b. JJ IJ.J 37 ,5
tt 2a 1 3

2 0 5 ,62 1,95 14,1 39. 3

3 0 12.4 13.3 18.5 42 ,6

l.
I

0 1 25 ,3 42 .6 85.1 239

u = 0.3

C Lamped-Free b/a
1 0.1 0.3 0,5 U,/
T
I
0 0 10,2 11,4 11.1 43. t

I
I

"',- 0 21 ,1 19.5 22. 1 45.3

TI
7h 1

2 0 34,5 32,5 51.5

51.0 49 .1 45.8 61.3
t I 3

0
0

1 39 .5 51 .7 93.8 253

v = 0.3
S1 nply Support ed- Slmply Supportêd bla
1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1
b .S T
I 0 0 tq.) 21 ,1 40.0 110
T I

1 0 16 ,7 )l 1 41 .8 112

I
2b

I
2 0 ,q q 30 ,2 41 ,1 116

I
3 0 40.0 42 ,0 56.0 122
ü l_ 0 1 51 .70 81.8 159.0 439
li
i:

À is independent of \,.

-: - l. Supported-Clamped bla
r 1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0,7

0 0 17.8 29,9 59. 8 168

TI
I

2b 2a 1 0 19.0 31 .4 61,0 110

tt 2 0 26,0 50,r 64.6 172

71,0
I I 3

0
0

1
40. 0
60. 1 100
45.4
198 552

À is independent of v.
 't-r
I 'EIc ur uaoqs sr â13Id ,,lncrrs pãlJoddns Á1duns u30 edeqs eporu
âql puB I pue I sêxâpu pporu .q} u."^1áq
dn{suonele; sq1 ,eJduexê JoC .suorlrpuo,
Á:epunoq Áq pecro3ue s'u* ppó- Burluno-c ,adeqs
rêqurnu 1ou ãpo,,, êq] q s'urr
êql sI f xêpur pporu êql (€) pue Jepou go
ledeqs êporu àrr,ui srê]a{uerp ppou
-runu êqlst I xêput
ÍBpotu oql(d l63o uotlcunJ u pu, J Jo rêq
ere sedeqs êpo., âqr (r) Jo uorlcunJ ? olur alqerudas
Árepunoq c*leruurÁs relod qlrrrr se1u1d
'ruorlrpuó,
pu, ffJnuu, IIe JoJ suor§nrcuoc ftrncrrc
3umoJ103 êr, ol speel seduqs epou
êsêqr Jo uiJoJ aqr
@z'tt) "'''t,'Z'l'o=1,...,€,Z,I,O =!
Í gr soc IxÍIp
(# + (,à, rr,, + ( * ),6r,0 * (*)r'-] =(s,t1tr7
su pesserdxê êq uBJ e1e1d rulnuue ue Jo edeqs epou âql pue
'^ Jo tuapuadapuT
989 9'Z SZL E'ç L L 0
9çZ 0 '66 0 '09 Z'Lç 0 I T
LçZ e 't6 0'tç t' 9t 0 I
Z
6'Z C Ut) 9', ç, ,'82 0 L
IT
EZ qZ
ó /(, z'68 (57 0 0 rl
L'0 ç'0 L(,, t'0 T
e/9
1
paduEI)-pêduefl .6
Jo luapuêdapur
8çç z0z ,OL 9'ç9 L 0
ç8[ L'81 L'rç 0'tç 0 t
8LL 0'0/ 8'Z' ,'çe 0 z
T
çtL t' ç9 8'çe L'çZ 0 L
,1,,,7
çLL 6',t 9 L',e t > LL 0 0
L'O ç'0 €'0 t'0 I
l'
J
e/q
pal:oddnS .tTdurS_paduelf, .B
uo11 d1:csaq
z"z
=fi
tr
= J '(zlraq) Íouanba:3 TprnieN
L
(penunuo7) 'saleld lelnuuv .Z-LL op1et
]dVHS SOOW ONV A3N3NO]UJ ]VUNJ.VN
UOI SV-INWSOJ HNZ
 PLATES 249
o.=
'F- ON
oq,
xã
ON
F§@
oE oô§@
N6
o
9(o
!o NONO ON
ON
roc N
o, oNo
a
-ô
ll-
o6§F
6ONF
Õ@
-,.
0rg
H a@N
QnO
N
cD :- o@nÔ CA
EE ÓONF
üE
tso 604N
óô
@ON @
N
oó
il .o. Nt-NN
lI-o É6 N
ô
tg
Eo
CN@@
NFNN

ôÔo
ON o6
ôa
or
tr
Eã
EO
(§o-
OFN§
N6QN
QÔÔ
Ô1 Ó

a
I
oô
NQ

N
N
o
otl @óN ú
[§ ooóo
§@N@
N
66§
O
oô NO
!
o
cl!
- --l-
4.§ @ÊN NU o+
6' cL O4FN 6É
-.-1"'-
-15 NO@N NFO
.@
NTN
lío
.Yo -NN§ N
FsNO
N!
e 6
+
dl! I
tÀ
-c Q' il
oa@i
OóÔÊ
I
§r
6FO
ô Nló
or«,
(!.= FNN§q
@§ e§!
r§q
.d :i+ o
oo
ã= L OFOr
6Nó
o
ô!
e..o
&o NÓ6
ll ONgF
-ct
;a
oooaó
FNÓ§O
oó6Ê N
oo
FO
FO
N@
'is
(l'E
[ilxnl
rN-

-§.!
n[Í
NÊ
Íú .i
n[?ae?
NÊ o- orulo-
llo <l<
àr
'õ'>
ÉôEr
.a
ct
ba,
ot
IE r- §------t F--§------d F--§------t
.oã
..
;,eo o.
cxf o
E.Eo @
E bà !
H
0l
E.sÊ o
ã Ç'a- p
N
!
o
o
u
_ÊEil(V) À
= õ(,-9
uJ ?..-o
ll >.c
a
6.:F
q:, t!
o
-.Q
GV
a; -
tz
 'uorlrpuoc
Árepunoq tueeq luepltnbe eq1 ueql xelduoc êroru Álqereptsuoc ere Áeq1 pue
'e1e1d eql Jo olleJ s(uosslod âq1 e^lo^ut se1e1d JoJ suolllpuoc fuupunoq palroddns
Áldurrs êq1 pue êêr3 er4} qloq'rezrerrroll '['8 uor]cêS ut possncsrp lurot peuurd eql
Jo uorlezrlereueS puorsueulp-o^\l êq1 sl eSpe pepoddns Áldruts y 'Jeêqs rou luâru
-ou Surpueq Jêqlrêu slroddns e8pa aarg y 'uoqelor Jou luêuâceldsrp râqlrêu slpu
-red eSpe peduelc y 'Álearlcedser'1-11 pue 8-l I 'sbã ur ue^a.r8 êJe eIü( pue 'ô eJâqÀ\
,09 J
'iftT+'Ô='o
:uorlceâJ eSpe 3goqcrr)-ur^lê) êql sr
'0 'r-l I 'bã uI uelrS lueruou eql sr '1q 'e1e1d êr{}Jo uor}eurroJep êsrê^sueJl êql q Z
to
_à=.ll[
ZE
O= Z :8uudg uorsrol € qll^\ e8pg pepoddng Áldrurg
rg
0-_-:-Z :a8pgpaduel3
ZE
0= 7 '111 = :eflpg pelroddng Áldurrg
0 = '0 - r4 :e8pg eerg
:ere se1e1d Jelnuuu
pue rclncrro erp qllÂ\ pâ]eroossz suorlrpuoc Á:epunoq eq1 'suorllpuo3 Álupunog
'pâuoddns sr a6pa asoqM aleld relncJrJ e ro] sautl lepoN 'r-ll '6tJ
^ldrurs
I = Í'[ = |
,,ffi ,t-fif#
Z=1.'0=l t=Í'0=! 0=Í'0=t
3dvHs loolú oNV O9Z
.IVUNIVN UOJ SV-INWUOJ
^cN3nolul
 PLATES 251

Sectorial Plates. A sectorial plate is formed from a circle or annulus with bounda-
ries along two radii. Solutions for sectorial plates can be easily adapted from the
solutions for circular and annular plates with elementary polar symmetric boundary
conditions if ( 1) the angle (a) enclosed by the sectorial plate is an integer submul-
tiple of 360 degrees,
360
d = --l-r j=2or3or4,
j
and (2) the radial (straight) boundaries of the sectorial plate are simply supported.
The sectorial plates which satisfy both these conditions have natural frequencies and
mode shapes identical to the associated complete circular (frames 1,2, and 3 of
Table ll-l) or annular (Table ll-3) plate with the following choices of modal
indices,
j=0,1,2,. (number of nodal circles),
i= n,2n,3n,. (number of nodal diameters),
where

360
n = = an integer (a in degrees),
2a
so that the nodal lines along the radii of the complete plate align with the boundaries
of the sectorial plate.
The natural frequencies of sectorial plates with clamped radial boundaries are dis-
cussed in Ref. I l-18.

Poisson's Ratio Effect. The natural frequency parameters (Ài.i) given in Tables I l-1,
l1-2, and I l-3 are functions of Poisson's ratio except for the clamped plate (frames
3, I l, and 13 of rable l1-l), the clarnped-clamped annulus (frame 9 of rable ll-z),
and the clamped ellipse (frame 3 of Table I l-3). Generally, the natural frequency
parameters change only slightly over the range of Poisson's ratios of practical impor-
tance. For example, the natural frequency parameter as a function of Poisson's ratio
for the fundamental mode of a circular plate with a simply supported edge is (Ref.
t t-t2):
p= 0.0 0.25 0.30 0.s0,
)tz = 4.452 4.872 4.947 5.227.
Vogel and Skinner (Ref. ll-20) found that the natural frequencies of annularplates
varied only slightly with large variations in Poisson's ratio. They found that the
natural frequency of the annular plates given in Table I l-2vaied, at most, between
3% and 5% as Poisson's ratio was varied between 0.0 and 0.5, which is the maximum
possible variation in Poisson's ratio for an isotropic material. The natural frequency
of the fundamental mode of a elliptical plate with an axis ratio (a/b) of 2 varies only
7% as Poisson's ratio is varied between 0.0 and 0.5 (Ref. ll-21). Thus, poisson,s
ratio is generally a parameter of secondary importance in the calculation of the
natural frequencies of these plates.
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