LITERATURE STUDY-(BUS TERMINAL)

I NTR O DESIGN CRITERIA

 A Bus terminal is the point where a bus route start OR ends, and It is  General functional organization of the terminal is determined by site configuration, the volume and
also a place where passengers board and a light from vehicles type of bus operations and passengers and bus traffic circulation.

IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPORT: RADIAL PLAN

 An island plan with the functional elements radiatingfrom the core allows for maximum
• Better utilization of the backward areas linking with the advance areas
• For rapid industrialization & urbanization efficiency. such aa relationship would allow the “waiting” areas to serve as the central focal
• For easy movement of people from one place to the other point, with all bus berth positions being equidistant.
• The nation has just 13 million cars on its roads which is just over 1% of
LINEAR PLAN
the country’s population
• In addition, only 10% of the households own a motor cycle.  As the terminal Becomes more linear in plan,
• In India, public transport still remains the primary mode of transport. functional elements begin to lose their
cohesiveness and often require duplication
PUBLIC ROAD TRANSPORT- BUS TRANSPORTATION:
REQUIREMENTS
• Buses take up over 90% of public transport in Indian cities, and serve as
a cheap and convenient mode of transport for all classes of society,
services are mostly run by state government owned transport
corporations
BUS TERMINAL
INTER CITY BUS TERMNAL:
• This kind of terminal is generally found in the downtown core and
accessible directly by local transit, taxi or auto. PASSENGERS TERMINAL STAFF BUS STAFF
• it provides bus services for long distance travel.
• includes elaborate public facilities.
• large amount of rental spaces a.Ticketingrand queuing
a. Revenue office b. Passenger waiting areas
SUBURBAN INTERSTATE BUS TERMINAL a.Canteen
b. Security and information c. Passenger conveniences (drinking water
b. Resting areas facilities and toilets)
c. Ticketing booth
• This kind of terminal is usually located adjacent to interstate highway c.Busstaff conveniences d. Passenger circulation
(drinking water facilities d. Resting room
and toilets e. Boarding/Departing areas
connections with major cities. e.Staffconveniences
f. Facility entry
(drinking water facilities and
• Include elaborate public and staff facilities. toilets) g. Tourist information
• large amount of rental spaces f. Canteen h. Security, including CCTV cameras
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g. Maintenance staff (chairs and Retail, concessions and lease space
lockers) j. Dormitories and lodging (if required)
INTRA CITY TRANSPORTATION h. Control room (CCTV k. Cloak room
surveillance)
l. Railway reservation
• being, occurring, or operating within a particular city intracity buses 3. Areas for bus staff
 DIMENSIONS O F A BUS:
LITERATURE STUDY-(BUS TERMINAL)
SPACE REQUIREMENTS:
PUBLIC SEATING
 Seating i n any o f t h e terminal t y p e s m a y b e provided i n t h e f o r m o f
a separate waiting r o o m o r i n m o r e open p l a n , i n t h e f o r m o f a
simple seating area w i t h i n t h e larger p u b l i c space
 As a general r u l e of thumb, however, an allowance o f 1 seat f o r 3
passengers w o u l d b e adequate f o r an intercity terminal
 T h e passenger quantity is calculated= n u m b e r o loading b e r t h s x an
average bus capacity o f between 3 5 and 3 7 people. A 10-berth l o a d i n g
platform therefore, w o u l d result i n terminal seating o f between 1 1 7 t o
124 PLATFORM TYPES
T H E STANDARDS FOR T H E NUMBER OF TOILET FACILITIES T O BE PARALLEL LOADING
PROVIDED I S MENTIONED I N THE TABLE.
 R e q u i r e s excessive amount o f space. Buses must usually wait
u n t i l first bus exits ,l a r g e terminal r e q u i r e s pedestrian
under/overpass facilities t o protect passengers w h i l e crossing
lanes.
RIGHT-ANGLE LOADING:
 o u t swinging b u s d o o r which forms a barrier around which
passenger must pass.Bus maneuvering difficult.
STRAIGHT SAWTOOTH LOADING:
 E f f i c i e n t - employed where l o t is comparatively narrow and
deeppassenger has direct approach t o l o a d i n g door. baggage
t r u c k can operate between buses f o r side l o a d i n g

RADIAL SAWTOOTH LOADING:

 Most efficient-buses swing i n t o position along natural d r i v i n g
ROADWAY WIDTHS arc. space r e q u i r e d at front is minimum-wide space at rear
• Bus roadway widths 1 0 f t w i d e single lanes will suffice f o r 8 f t w i d e m a k i n g maneuvering easy.
equipment.
• 1 1 f t w i d e lanes a r e p r e f e r a b l e where ample terminal space is available. Q U E U I N G S I T U AT I O N S
• double-lane runways, enabling standing buses t o be overtaken b y other buses,
 Linear queues will occur where passengers line up to
provide a great advantage over one-lane runways because o f t h e increased purchase tickets or board buses. The length of a linear
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q ueu e may estimated o n th e ba sis o f a n aver age p er
f l e x i b i l i t y o f operations t h a t is m a d e possible. person spacing of 20 in.
• f o r t h e purpose o f merely overtaking another bus or r o w o f buses having n o
appreciable t a i l o u t , double-lane runway widths should b e at least 2 0 f t and
preferably 22ft.
LITERATURE STUDY-(BUS TERMINAL)
SPECIAL PROVISION HAS TO MADE F O R THE WIDENING O F
CU RVE TO MATCH THE TURNING CIRCLES OF BUSES:

A N A LY S I S
Th e p la nn in g cr ite ria an d n or ms an d stand ar d s th at a re c on sid er ed f or plann in g
an d d esign o f b us ter min als

 Need ,Size , Location , Design

N eed – Nee d o f th e ter min al ar ise s with incr ease in th e d eman d. A n o rgan iz ed b u s
ter mina l sho uld meet th e f o llo win g re qu ir emen ts
 Accessibility ,Comfort and convenience , Safety ,Easy processingning
Size – The following factors are considered to characterize the size of the
ter mina l and its f u nction s
 Flow of traffic ,System characteristics ,User characteristics
Location – The selection of the location should satisfy the following criteria

 It should be a component in the hierarchical system of transportation terminal .It should be located such
that as point of coordination and integration between inter-city and intra-city transport
Design – Following points should b e kep t in min d f or eff ic ien t wo r kab ility o f
ter mina l
A) Segregation of bus and non-bus traffic B) Segregation of pedestrian and vehicular movement
C) Elimination of vehicular traffic conflict D) Segregation of pedestrian flows
E)Minimum processing for the buses F) Segregation of transportation and no-transportation activities
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REFERENCE : • h t t p s : / / s h a k t i f o u n d a t i o n . i n / w p - c o n t e n t / u p l o a d s / 2 0 1 7 / 0 6 / B u s - Te r m i n a l - D e s i g n - G u i d e l i n e s -
comp.pdf

• h t t p s : / / w w w. d a y a r c h . c o m / t r a n s p o r t - b u i l d i n g / b u s - t e r m i n a l /

• S o u r c e f r o m tss