Math 276 Di¤erential Equations

Exercises 1

Classi…cations, Solutions, Existence and Uniqueness

A) Classify the following DEs

1) xy 000 + (y 0 )4 + y = 0
r
dy y
2) =
dx x
3) xy 00 + xy 0 + 2y = 0
3 4
d2 y dy
4) + 2x = 2y + 1
dx2 dx
5) y 00 + 9y = sin y
6) (1 x2 )y 00 xy 0 + 4y = 0
dy
7) = 2(4 x)(1 y)
dx
@2z @z
8) 2
+ =0
@x @x

B) Determine whether the given function is a solution to the given DE

1) y 00 + y = x2 + 2; (x) = sin x + x2
2) y 00 y 0 2y = 0; (x) = e2x 3e x
y
3) y 0 ( ) = 1; (x) = x ln x; where x > 0
x
4) y 0 + 2xy = sin 2x; (x) = cos(2x)
5) x2 y 00 xy 0 + 2y = 0; (x) = ex cos(ln x); where x > 0
dy 2xy
6) = ; Implicit Solution y ln y = x2 + 1
dx y 1
dy x
7) = ; Implicit Solution x2 y2 = 4
dx y
8) y 0 = 2x sec(x + y) 1; Implicit Solution x2 sin(x + y) = 1
1
9) y 0 = ; x + y2 = 3
2y
xy
dy e y
10) = xy
; Implicit Solution exy + y = x 1
dx e +x

1
C) Solutions
1) Verify that the function y(x) = c1 e x + c2 e2x is a solution of y 00 y 0 2y = 0
for every choice of constants c1 , c2 . Determine c1 , c2 so that each of the following
initial conditions are satis…ed:
a) y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 1
b) y(1) = 1, y 0 (1) = 0

2) Determine the values of m so that the function (x) = emx is a solution to

the equation
a) y 000 + 3y 00 + 2y 0 = 0
b) y 00 + 6y 0 + 5y = 0

3) Show that the equation

2
dy
+ y2 + 3 = 0
dx
has no real-valued solution.

4) Explain why the following initial-value problem has no solution:

1=2
dy y 2
= , y(1) = 1
dx x

5) Verify that x2 + cy 2 = 1, where c is an arbitrary constant, is a one parameter

family of implicit solutions to

dy xy
= 2
dx x 1

D) Existence and Uniqueness

In the following exercises determine whether the existence uniqueness theorem
implies that the given initial value problem has a unique solution.
1) yy 0 4x = 0; y(2) =
2) y 0 = x3 y3 ; y(0) = 6
3) y 0 = xy + sin2 x; y( ) = 4
0
4) y = sin x cos y; y( ) = 0
x
5) y 0 = ; y(1) = 0
y
6) yy 0 4x = 0; y(0) = 0

Prepared by U.Yüksel