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Pre-Calculus
Module 14:
Solving Situational Problems
Involving Trigonometric Identities
AIRs - LM
LU_Pre-Calculus_Module14 LU_Pre-Calculus_Module14
STEM – PRE-CALCULUS
Module 14: Solving Situational Problems Involving Trigonometric Identities
Second Edition, 2021
Copyright © 2021
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without written
permission from the copyright owners.
Management Team:
LU_Pre-Calculus_Module14
Senior High School
Pre-Calculus
Module 14:
Solving Situational Problems
Involving Trigonometric Identities
LU_Pre-Calculus_Module14
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities,
questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you
to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you
step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are
also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on
how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on
any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises
and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
Thank you.
LU_Pre-Calculus_Module14
Target
Learning Objectives:
1. Recall the trigonometric identities
2. Apply the trigonometric functions in solving situational problems involving
trigonometric identities
3. Construct a technique in solving situational problems involving trigonometric
identities
PRETEST
Directions: Read carefully each item. Write only the letter of the correct answer for
each item. Use a separate sheet for your answers.
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4. Which of the following gives the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜃 + 90)?
A. 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 B. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 C. 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 D. 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃
5. At what angle measure does the sine function reach its largest value of 1?
A. 30° B. 45° C. 60° D. 90°
6. What is the exact value of cos 105° ?
√2−√6 √2+√6 √3+√6 √3−√6
A. B. C. D.
4 4 7 7
14. Calculate the force on the back of a person whose weight is 150 pounds if he bends
an angle of 50°.
A. 277.62 lbs. B. 330.86 lbs. C. 425.35 lbs. D. 450.32 lbs.
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15. How many pounds should a person weigh for his back to endure a force of 275
lbs. if he bends 35°?
A. 115.23 lbs. B. 116.59 lbs. C. 117.89 lbs. D. 119.41 lbs.
Jumpstart
Reciprocal Identities 1
csc 𝜃 = sin 𝜃
1
sec 𝜃 = cos 𝜃
1
cot 𝜃 = tan 𝜃
Quotient Identities tan 𝜃 =
sin 𝜃
cot 𝜃 =
cos 𝜃
cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃
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Discover
𝜃 does R maximum?
1
Given: 𝑅 = 𝑣 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
16 0
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• Analyse/ solve. Since the largest value for sine function is 1,
occurring when 𝜃 = 90°.
For maximum R, we must have
2𝜃 = 90°
Divide both sides by 2. 𝜃 = 45°
Conclusion: At an angle of 45°, the range, R is at maximum.
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Be guided that in Quadrant I, all trigonometric functions are positive. In
Quadrant II, only sine and cosecant functions are positive. In Quadrant III, only
tangent and cotangent functions are positive. In Quadrant IV, only cosine and secant
functions are positive.
Problem 4: The force F (in pounds) on the back of a person when he or she bends over
0.72𝑊𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜃+90)
at an acute angle 𝜃 (in degrees) is given by 𝐹 = , where W is the weight (in
𝑠𝑖𝑛15
pounds) of the person. Find the force on the back of a person whose weight is 168.45
lbs. if he bends an angle of 40°.
0.72𝑊𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜃+90)
Given: W=168.45 lbs; 𝜃 =40°; 𝐹 =
𝑠𝑖𝑛15
Unknown: F
Solution:
• Simplify:
Identify a trigonometric identity to be sin(𝛼 + 𝛽) = sin 𝛼 cos 𝛽 + cos 𝛼 sin 𝛽
used to simplify the given. sin(𝜃 + 90) = sin 𝜃 cos 90 + cos 𝜃 sin 90
Use the Sine Sum Identity to simplify sin(𝜃 + 90) = sin 𝜃 (0) + cos 𝜃 (1)
𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜃 + 90) sin(𝜃 + 90) = cos 𝜃
• Analyse/ solve. 0.72𝑊𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜃 + 90)
𝐹=
𝑠𝑖𝑛15
Since sin(𝜃 + 90) = cos 𝜃 , then 0.72(168.45)𝑐𝑜𝑠(40)
𝐹=
Substitute the given values. 𝑠𝑖𝑛15
0.72(168.45)𝑐𝑜𝑠(40)
𝐹=
𝑠𝑖𝑛15
𝐹 = 358.97
Conclusion: The force on the back of a person whose weight is 168.45 lbs. if he bends
an angle of 400 is 358.97 lbs.
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Explore
Identity
Solution
Exact Value
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Deepen
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Gauge
Directions: Read the statements carefully. Select the letter of your answer. Write you
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the value of sin(𝜃 + 𝜃) ?
𝐴. 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 B. 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 C. 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 D. 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
2. Which of the following gives the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜃 + 90)?
A. 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 B. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 C. 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 D. 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃
3. At what angle measure does the sine function reach its largest value of 1?
A. 30° B. 45° C. 60° D. 90°
4. Which is NOT a value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃?
A. 1 − 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 B. 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 − 1 C. 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 D. 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
5. Which of the following is INCORRECT?
A. 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 + 𝛽) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 B. 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 − 𝛽) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 C.
C. 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛼 + 𝛽) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 D. 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛼 − 𝛽) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽
6. What is the exact value of cos 15° ?
√2−√6 √2+√6 √3+√6 √3−√6
A. B. C. D.
4 4 7 7
9. sin x
24 7 12 14
A. B. C. D.
25 24 13 25
10. sin 2x
120 115 113 102
A. − B. − C. − D. −
169 169 125 125
11. cos 2x
119 113 109 101
A. − B. − C. − D. −
169 169 125 125
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For questions 13 to 15:
The force F (in pounds) on the back of a person when he or she bends over at
0.5𝑊𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜃+90)
an acute angle 𝜃 (in degrees) is given by 𝐹 = , where W is the weight (in
𝑠𝑖𝑛20
14. Calculate the force on the back of a person whose weight is 180 pounds if he bends
an angle of 50°.
A. 169.14 lbs. B. 180.86 lbs. C. 225.35 lbs. D. 250.32 lbs.
15. How many pounds should a person weigh for his back to endure a force of 255
lbs. if he bends 35°?
A. 211.23 lbs. B. 212.94 lbs. C. 214.89 lbs. D. 215.41 lbs.
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LU_Pre-Calculus_Module15 11
Pre-test
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D
6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C
11.C 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B
Activity 1: Recall the Identities
1. Pythagorean Identities
2. cos(A-B) = cosAcosB+sinAsinB
3. sin(A+B) = sinAcosB+cosAsinB
4. Tangent Sum Identity
2 tan 𝐴
5. tan 2A= 2
1−𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴
Activity 2: Give Our Exact Values
√2 √6
+ ; 2 − √3
4 4
Activity 3: True or False
1. true 2. false 3. true 4. true 5. False
Gauge:
1. B 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A
6. B 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A
11.A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
Answer Key
References
Printed Materials:
Website:
Analytical Rubric for Math Problem Solving. Retrieved July 25, 2020 from
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/332351647472784932/
Real Life Applications of Trigonometric Identities. Retrieved October 19, 2020 from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cMnMxTEt9dM/
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