CRIMINOLOGY

STAGE 1
“Let the punishment fit the
crime”

Classical perspective
NOT classical criminology

scientific method
positive criminology
Criminal behavior…
phenomena… explained by
science
 useful,
Man only chooses behaviors that are
purposeful and reasonable

Utilitarianism Theory
Jeremy Bentham regard
man… put all factors into an
equation…

Human calculator
research on links between… types of
crimes and criminals

crime typology
keyskill when facing tasks that need…
intelligence

logical thinking
Classical perspective proposition…

severe, certain and swift

punishment
social positivism

normality of crime
atavistic tendency…

born criminal
Earliest… criminal positivism… Italian,
Giambattista dela Porta… early
1500’s.

physiognomy
Positivists… crime causation

physique affects…
criminal personality
criminal offenders… people whose
decisions are heavily influenced
by their needs…

Rational Choice
human actions are calculated…
prospects of happiness and
unhappiness.

Utilitarianism
Eclectic Theory of Criminal Law

explained
crime commission
both by positivist and
classical...
 focused on
crime prevention programs..
punishment and retribution…
rather than rehabilitation…

Classical
strategy oncrime prevention is
punishment and retribution and
rehabilitation of offender?
Eclectic
State of a society chaos,
in
experiencing moral
uncertainty… loss of traditional
values
Anomie
deviant behavior

callousness and immoral

act
 prevention
crime strategy is focused
on positivism

there is rehabilitation
the process of making laws in the
definition of criminology
development of criminal
laws.. its use to define
crime
process of… studying causes of
crime in the definition of criminology?

etiology of crimes
activity of the prosecutor as an
agent of the criminal justice system

evaluate evidence police

had gathered
used to measure crime patterns
and trends?

Criminal statistics
convictrelapses… previous criminal
behavior after apprehension,
conviction, and correction.

recidivism
categorizing people on the basis of
their body build?

somatotyping
Garofalo’s term.. psychological
features as the roots of criminal
behavior

moral anomalies
non-deviant behavior

morally upright
proposition of specific deterrence

Offenders… never repeat… criminal acts

after experiencing… pain of
punishment
quickest-spreading control factors…
enormous industry… occurs at all
levels of the Criminal Justice
System (CJS).

diversion
concept applied in criminal justice
system… ensure… no person…
deprived of his rights without
due notice…

due process
keeping offenders in confinement
will eliminate… offenses

Incapacitation
maximum involvement of the
victim, the offender and
community… reparation,
reconciliation and reintegration

Restorative Justice
treatment of criminal offenders… aimed
at preventing future criminal
behavior

Rehabilitation
delisted vagrancy in the revised penal code...
policy of removing criminal
penalties

Decriminalization
good program to avoid
imprisonment… Presidential decree No.
968 a clear example

Deinstitutionalization
NOT ground for revocation of…
licensed criminologist

Administrative
sanctions
Regulatory Board for
Criminologist… composed of…

A Chairperson…
four (4) members
not a qualification for the board
examiners

naturalized-born
result of an examination… deferred

average rating 75%..

grade below 60% in any of
the subjects
criminologists in the Philippines
different from the other country

public safety and

criminal justice agents
Revocation or cancellation of
certificate of registration

Nonrenewal… 6 years
John Forester qualified… criminology
in the Philippines ?

reciprocity of criminology…
between his country and
Philippines
in other country, criminology is
what, EXCEPT?

Profession under the

Criminal Justice umbrella

first provision regarding juvenile
delinquency problems

bible
generic term for youthful offender

Juvenile delinquent
delinquent characterized by
emotional disturbances that may
lead to mental illness.

psychiatric delinquent
institution founded the doctrine of
Parens Patriae?

English Court of
Chancery
founded by British government for care,
treatment and protection of young
offenders

Reformatory School
model institution for American
juvenile offenders

House of refuge
may not qualify as juvenile
delinquent

Person in need of
supervision
age of 11 knows already how to drink
alcohol and smoke cigarette

status offense
Tasted… being a delinquent… joining for the
first time… group of children annoying,
loitering and vandalizing… delinquency known ____.

Environmental
chronic lawbreakers… violate laws…
part of his habit

Emotionally
maladjusted
environmental delinquents

easily corrected… new in

delinquent activity
describe psychiatric delinquent…
especially in providing intervention

delinquency requires institutional

treatment through psychological or
psychiatric intervention
Children… lack opportunities to develop in
socially acceptable… factor
contributory…

poverty
Accordingly, imitation is one of the
best examples on the theory of
crime and delinquency, and this can
be connected to what?

learned behavior
Theory on differential opportunity…
subculture develops… lower-class
neighborhoods… successful criminal…
visible to juveniles… willing to
associate with them. What subculture…?

criminal
Theory… points at racial
discrimination and absence of
social cohesion

social conflict
 little or no access to
social structure has
illegal or criminal means

violence-oriented subculture
would… not develop
 delinquency development of the
nature of
“batang hamog”
left without access to legitimate…
opportunities… social controls
weak… disorganized… violence a
route to status…
well to do… not fit to play
with… poor… not compatible

Social conflict
calling him “cheater”

Labeling
Not Tarde’s “law on imitation”

Criminal behavior is
learned
loosening controls

drift
young people as passive victims of risk
experiences with no ability to construct,
negotiate or resist risk

Imputation
delinquency is rendered attractive,
not by adherence to bizarre morality but by
their exaggerated valuation of widely
circulating values

intent to do what is
right
People… are placed in categories… lead to
identification… cause different
response.
labeling
mentally-ill child

behavioral disorder…
require professional
help or hospitalization
Energy… one becomes familiar
with his culture… respect to
rights…
family
parental authority terminates
permanently (should’ve been
EXCEPT)
unemancipation of the
child
parental authorities suspended

Conviction of parent
required by his father to beg on
the street... action of the court?

Suspend parental
authority
children are employed... required to keep the
following records of his employed child, EXCEPT
one.

school grades
Emancipation takes place after
attaining the age of majority according
to law. In order for Julio to be
emancipated from parental authority
his age must be what?

21
person exercising special
parental authority EXCEPT
a. Guardian
b. School
c. School administrators and teachers
d. an individual or entity engage in the
care of minor child
Activities.. address issues that
caused the child to commit an offense…
individualized treatment program

Intervention program
court prescribed by Republic Act
9344 whenever a child is detained?

Family court
juvenile welfare council…
headed by whom

DSWD Secretary
role of the law enforcers

turn over… the child

“immediately… not
later… 8 hours”
Oscar… commits an offense… below 18
years of age.. not less than 15 years and
one day

child in conflict with the

law
CICL commits an offense… acted
with discernment

not exempted from

criminal liability
Romeo… child at risk (CAR)

violates status offense/

barangay ordinance
juvenile justice welfare
council…
primary agency…
coordinate…local
government…plan…prevent
delinquency...
Institution… rehabilitates
youthful offenders…

Rehabilitation center
program after… found responsible for
an offense without resorting to formal
court proceedings

Diversion
cannot determine diversion of
CICL

Barangay officials
NOT essence of criminal justice
system

reparative justice
Restorative justice

‘restoring’ damaged
relationships
differs between juvenile and
criminal justice system

application of diversion
and protection
restorative justice system

Reparative justice
NOT restorative justice?
a. Isolation
b. Diversion
c. Prevention of children coming into
conflict with the law
d. Access to legal assistance
Beijing Rules
United Nations… Rules for
ADMINISTRATION of Juvenile
Justice
Havana Rules
United Nations Rules for the PROTECTION
of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty
Riyadh Guidelines

United Nations Guidelines for the

PREVENTION of Juvenile Delinquenc

restitution for juvenile
delinquents

child reimburses the

victim
committed to Bahay-Pag-asa

Institutionalization
best category for child… placed
on probation

Community and
residential treatment
police officer… engage… child
offenders. NOT… procedure

must be in complete and

proper uniform
Genetic factors as a cause of
crime

Biological
 political power and
distribution of
economic resources in the society.

Conflict theory
abnormal biological or
psychological traits

Trait Theory
crime a function of diet, vitamin
intake, hormonal imbalance, or
food allergies.

Biochemical
recognition and reward for…
performance

Behavior theory
biological distinct from
psychological theories60
Biological theories… physical
characteristics and genes;
psychological… intelligence,
cognitive and behavior
NOT a psychosis

anger or hatred
pregnancy exposed to unusual
conditions… child possess some form of
psychosis

psychological theory
…parents and… siblings…
involved in deviant and criminal
act.
a. Genetic
b. Trait
c. Personality
d. Biosocial
Mother… used drugs and alcohol
during maternal/stages more likely to
produce defective child

biochemical
industrial sites where wastes
may… affect potable waters
a. biochemical
b. biosocial
c. biopsychosocial
d. biopsychological
weak ego

Psychodynamic
communist manifesto of Carl Marx… term
he uses in describing workers

Proletariat
communist manifesto of Carl Marx… term
he uses in describing capitalists

Bourgeoisie
Marx's explanation of the crime
causation… exploitation of the
working class by the… capitalist… lead
to…

Class conflict
…state surprise… by the new
of
norms; socially confused… moral
breakdown enticing… to do deviant act

Anomic state
very high self-concept coupled with some
additional inner controls… valued the
laws…
Containment
Exposure… to father’s
delinquency; delinquency displayed in
neighborhood… may attract deviant act

Differential Association
 without knowledge
Aspiring in a place
of what life-opportunity will give…
such a place… will give…

anomic life
lack of bonds evident by obvious social
breakdown

Social Control
sub-culture are born that may produce
disorganization in the youth or culture

Social Structure
Sociological theories… emphasis…
EXCEPT…

On the freewill of man

Cartographic school of
criminology… also known as…

Ecological
When there is abundance, all are fed; when
food is scarce, all are hungry

Altruism
disjunction between socially
approved means to success and
legitimate goals

anomie
“important acts of social life are carried out
under the domination of example”

Imitation
Crime is functional according to
Emile Durkheim because of the
following, which ONE is not?

It is necessary because
everyone needs it
DOES NOT characterize
anomie?

ability to adjust… to
changing norms
NOT an element of the law on
imitation?

superior imitates the

inferior
radical theory

economic institution is
source of all conflicts
use of data to map or chart patterns of
crime

Cartographic school
criminology has common roots in psychiatry,
law, and behavioral sciences. They overlap in
some fields…

clinical
only professional in the forensic
system… qualified to moderate
between mental health and legal
expert.
clinical criminologist
Symbiotic relationship of man, his
behavior and his society is the cause
of crime

ecological
understand criminal behavior by
considering the interactions between
biological, psychological, and sociological
factors
Biopsychosocial criminology
NOT an approach to
biopsychosocial criminology

Classical
NOT an aim of biopsychosocial

Punishment and
deterrence
biopsychosocial study first
introduced as intervention for…

medical
biopsychosocial study… first used
in what field?
psychology
biopsychosocial field involve
multidisciplinary profession,
EXCEPT

lawyers and judges

biopsychosocial model, spirituality
and culture belong to…

social
genetic predisposition for
depression… factor in
biopsychosocial study
biological
tendency that trigger depression or
aggression for man… factor in
biopsychosocial study
psychological
critical theorist on feminism
covers the following areas of
interests, EXCEPT…
masculinity of the
criminals
gender roles in crime and the treatment of
the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and
the like…

Queer criminology
exploitation of women in the workplaces…

Critical Feminism
when female formed part of the
criminological study focused on…

victimization
Freda Adler… female criminality… both
women’s liberation movement and
new feminism. …crime committed by
women will be…

equal to male
avoid androcentric bias in research
involving sex and gender…

Both male and female

are represented in the
study
female… are LESS LIKELY to be
involve in…

heinous and brutal

crimes